Final exam

Which of the following is NOT part of the sociological definition of family? A social unit of those related through marriage, ancestry or adoption A group that is committed to maintaining the group over time A social unit related by blood and bound together by love A group that engages in economic cooperation

A social unit related by blood and bound together by love

The concept hidden curriculum can be defined as: 1.A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission 2.The course objectives teachers incorporate into their syllabi after the semester has started 3.The emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications. 4.The unexpected subjects students take an interest in after being exposed to experts in the field.

A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission

Class systems differ from caste systems in the one's status in a class system may be _____, to some extent; while in caste system is not Ascribed Achieved Economic Social

Achieved

Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of poverty among minority groups? 1.Loss of manufacturing jobs from inner cities 2.Higher proportion of female-headed households 3.Past and present discrimination 4.Affirmative Action

Affirmative Action

What type of system did black workers experience during South Africa's period of Apartheid? 1.Estate 2.Caste 3.Class 4.Socialist

Caste

___________ theory focuses on how capitalism, social class, and power influence marriages and families. Functionalist Conflict Symbolic interactionist Patriarchy

Conflict

The sociological perspective that defines classes in terms of their structural relationship to other classes and their relationship to the economic system is the _____. 1.functionalist perspective 2.conflict perspective 3.symbolic interactionist perspective 4.exchange perspective

Conflict Perspective

Angela believes that race relations in America are poor because the white ruling class has enacted various laws and regulations to keep other racial groups from achieving equality. With which sociological perspective does Angela's view best align? Functionalism Conflict theory Feminism Symbolic interactionism

Conflict Theory

Malik grew up in an affluent household which embraced activities such as attending the opera, visiting museums, and traveling to foreign countries at least once a year. When Malik goes to college, he finds he has much to talk about with professors, and fellow students from similar backgrounds. Malik is enjoying the benefits of: Grade inflation Cultural capital Tracking The education gap

Culture Capital

Jim as a sociologist is focused on how the absence of work values in a cause of poverty for a population. He is using ____ argument 1.structural causes of poverty 2.culture of poverty 3. class analysis 4.natural disasters.

Culture of poverty

The difference between ethnicity and race is that ethnicity refers to __________ characteristics and race to __________ characteristics to distinguish one group of people from another. cultural; physical inherited physical; cultural dominant group; minority group minority group; dominant group

Culture; physical

One of the best insurance policies for protecting an individual against living in poverty is _____ 1. family structure 2.the region lived in 3.education 4. age

Education

__________ is a formal system of teaching knowledge, values, and skills. Mandatory age Education Community college Industrialization

Education

President Franklin D. Roosevelt's executive order 9066, which authorized the establishment of internment camps for anyone with as little as one-eighth Japanese ancestry following Pearl Harbor, is an example of: Racial steering Communism Genocide Expulsion (population transfer)

Expulsion

Clarence's grandparents lived with him and his mom and dad in the same house, on the top floor. The family Clarence lived in was a(n) __________. extended family household nuclear family blended family

Extended Family

When members of the subordinated classes internalize the views of the dominant class and justify inequality, Karl Marx termed this ______. 1.false consciousness 2.class consciousness 3.normative consciousness 4.stratified consciousness

False consciousness

A person grows up in his or her __________. family of procreation extended family family of orientation imaginary family

Family of orientation

The theoretical perspective that is most concerned with the fact that families are gendered institutions that reflect the gender hierarchies in society is _____. functionalism exchange theory symbolic interaction theory feminist theory

Feminist theory

Tasha believes that gender is about the division of labor in the family. In the pre-industrial era, men were the hunter-gatherers and bread-winners, and women were keepers of the home. After World War II, changes in the family structure allowed women to become breadwinners also, altering the roles of the family. From what sociological perspective do Tasha's thoughts come? 1.Conflict Theory 2.Functionalism 3.Cyberfeminism 4.Symbolic Interactionism

Functionalism

____ Believe that the greater rewards attached to some positions in society help ensure that people will make the sacrifices necessary to acquire the training those positions demand Functionalists Conflict theorist Symbolic interactionists Social exchange theorist

Functionalist

Which theoretical perspective argues that families have been weakened by changing gender roles? Functionalist Conflict Symbolic interactionist Feminist

Functionlist

The process of learning the expectations for behavior associated with each sex is called _____. 1.sexual differentiation 2.gender socialization 3.gender polarization 4.sexual norm internalization

Gender socialization

In school, children learn knowledge and skills, as well as gender roles. Schools are: 1.gendered institutions. 2.gendered apartheid. 3.discriminatory institution. 4.patriarchal system.

Gendered institutions

To make students more competitive in the work force and for graduate school, college professors are beginning to lower the standard for student grades (i.e. what was once considered a B, is now considered an A). This is known as: GPA debt Systematic grading Academic bribing Grade inflation

Grade Inflation

Which of the following is NOT a myth about immigration in the U.S.? 1.Immigrants take jobs away from native workers 2.Undocumented immigrants have children in the U.S. as a means of gaining legal status. 3.Immigrants have the same rates of criminal behavior as U.S. citizens. 4.Immigrants do not want to learn English.

Immigrants have the same rates of criminal behavior as U.S. citizens.

Randolph gave all pupils an equal chance to succeed in his second-grade class, but he demanded more from the children of professionals and the wealthier families in town. It only seemed natural because they were generally better readers and better students overall. He did not deliberately discriminate against students from disadvantaged homes. In fact, Randolph was delighted when one of them performed well. However, when it came to social inequality, he __________. actively encouraged it inadvertently perpetuated it fought against it at every opportunity took no position one way or the other

Inadvertently perpetuated it

Unlike his father, Johnny has been able to go to college and enter a high paying profession. He has experienced _____ mobility. 1. intergenerational 2. intragenerational 3. extragenerational 4. co-generational

Intergenerational

Which of the following is NOT an example of a stereotype? 1.Cynthia believing her best friend to be good at math because she is Asian. 2.Maria assuming her son-in-law is a heavy drinker because he is Irish. 3.Isaiah cooking his girlfriend a meat-free dinner because she is a vegetarian. 4.Pedro assuming his neighbor likes rap music because he is African American.

Isaiah cooking his girlfriend a meat-free dinner because she is a vegetarian.

If an individual discovers he has certain opportunities to succeed, he is examining his ______ 1.Life chances 2. Social Setting 3. Ascribed Status 4. Status symbols

Life chances

Julio, a student who is deaf, attends classes with students who can hear; to accommodate this situation, an interpreter translates everything the teacher is saying into sign language. This is known as inclusion, or __________. gatekeeping credential society homeschooling mainstreaming

Mainstreaming

The likelihood of divorce is greater for couples who: marry young. have two incomes. do not have children. are White.

Marry Young

While prejudice is an attitude, discrimination is _____. internal overt behavior hidden a belief

Overt Behavior

Asad's first grade class is diverse: there are two students from Korea, five students from South America, two students from the United States, three students from Kuwait, a student from Mexico, two students from England, and five students from western Europe. Asad's class is: Segregated Pluralistic Assimilated Profiled

Pluralistic

A vagina, a penis, and other reproductive organs make up the __________. 1.secondary sex characteristics 2.sociological significance of gender 3.primary sex characteristics 4.tertiary sex characteristics

Primary sex characteristics

What is the difference between sex and gender? 1.Sex refers to sexual orientation, and gender refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females. 2.Sex is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine, gender is biological characterization of anatomy. 3.Sex refers to who a person is sexually attracted to, and gender refers to whom a person chooses to partner with. 4. Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

Sex refers to physical or physiological differences between males and females, while gender is the extent to which one identifies as being either masculine or feminine.

__________ refers to the belief that there are innate psychological, behavioral, and/or intellectual differences between women and men and that these differences connote the superiority of one group and the inferiority of the 1.Feminism 2.Sexism 3.Sex segregation 4.Gender stratification

Sexism

Which of the following is NOT a manifest function of education? Socialization Social control Social placement Social networks

Social Networks

Anita believes that the oppression of women is based on the capitalist economy. Anita is a: liberal feminist functionalist conflict theorist socialist feminist

Socialist feminist

Kara has behavioral problems as a young child. As she goes through school, she is labeled "troubled," and told she will never amount to anything. Kara, though intelligent, decides to "live down" to this expectation. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in studying Kara's experience? Symbolic interactionism Conflict theory Functionalism Feminist theory

Symbolic Interactionism

Because of the emphasis of her teachers, Inez was able to name the first few presidents of the United States from memory by the time she was in fifth grade. This demonstrates the way schools celebrate founders and pass on the society's core values through __________. inclusion gatekeeping the cultural transmission of values habit

The cultural transmission of values

Adolf Hitler blaming Germany's pre-war problems on the Jewish population is an example of: The scapegoat theory The social construction of race White privilege Pluralism

The scapegoat theory

Children adjust better to divorce if __________. the parent they live with is not making a good adjustment to the divorce their routines are varied they have another adult they can turn to they experience a great deal of conflict

They have another adult they can turn to

When Ahmed is in 5th grade, he does poorly in math and science. His teachers recommend him for lower-level classes throughout middle school in all subjects, and he's not given the chance to excel elsewhere. This process is known as: Tracking Grade inflation Feminism Manifest function

Tracking

Which of these statements regarding homophobia and gender expectations is false? 1.Fear of being perceived as gay drives greater conformity to male gender norms. 2.Homophobia has the affect of discouraging feminine traits, such as gentleness and empathy, in men. 3.Men who endorse the most traditional masculine roles tend to be the most homophobic. 4.While homophobia encourages gender norm conformity, it is not likely to promote hostility toward gays and lesbians.

While homophobia encourages gender norm conformity, it is not likely to promote hostility toward gays and lesbians.

Internalized homophobia refers to 1.society's view of heterosexuality as a master social status. 2.a sense of personal failure and self-hatred among homosexuals resulting from stigmatization. 3.the belief of heterosexuals that they are morally superior to homosexuals. 4.the belief espoused by Christian and Muslim religions that homosexuality is opposed to God's will.

a sense of personal failure and self-hatred among homosexuals resulting from stigmatization.

The sandwich generation is so called because they __________. are torn between work and family responsibilities are caring for both their children and their parents have bad eating habits, which lead to obesity are caring for both their parents and grandparents

are caring for both their children and their parents

Research on __________ has shown that when people of different racial-ethnic backgrounds get together often and on an equal footing, stereotyping and prejudicial attitudes decline. 1.heightened discrimination 2.the racist mind 3.institutional racism 4.contact theory

contact theory

According to symbolic interactionists, the term "visitation rights" 1.minimizes the importance of the noncustodial parent's rights. 2.gives the noncustodial parent a feeling of involvement in his or her child's life. 3.signifies to the child that the noncustodial parent still loves him or her. 4.undermines the child's identification with the stepparent.

minimizes the importance of the noncustodial parent's rights.