Final Exam Questions

According to an evolutionary perspective, males are competitive with each other because

Aggression enhances the male's confidence in the paternity of his offspring.

The ability to understand or vicariously experience another's perspective and to feel sympathy and compassion for that person is called ____.

Empathy

Which research result would provide evidence that aggression is a heritable trait?

Identical twins are more similar in levels of aggressiveness than fraternal twins.

Aggressive models teach aggressive behavior by all of the following except

Increasing the frustration experienced by observers.

As compared to feelings of personal distress, empathic concern

Is more cognitive in nature.

Which of the following statements regarding gender and helping behavior is false?

Men, unlike women, are more likely to offer help in situations where they can do so anonymously.

In which state is there most likely to exist a culture of honor?

Texas

Which of the following most closely represents the weapons effect?

The presence of weapons can act as an aggression cue that increases the likelihood of aggressive behaviors.

Which of the following reasons does not stand out as an inspiration to exemplify helping?

When helping behavior makes us more superior and well known in the society

Research on the link between media violence and aggression has demonstrated that

all forms of media violence appear to increase the likelihood of aggressive behavior.

The bystander effect does not tend to occur when the bystanders are

all friends

The fact that the American population has been aging in recent years has been offered as an explanation for the

decrease in violent crimes.

Giles volunteers his time to his local community center because he thinks it will look good on his college applications. Giles's behavior would best be described as likely

egoistic

"Good Samaritan" laws

encourage bystanders to intervene in emergencies.

Research by Batson on the empathy-altruism hypothesis suggests that

helping is affected by many motives, including altruism.

Charlice, a teenaged girl, is angry with her friend, so she tells all her other friends that this girl has had sex with most of the football team. Carmen's behavior illustrates ___________ aggression.

indirect

The defining characteristic of aggression is that the aggressor

intends to harm another living being

People who seem particularly nice, sociable, or happy are termed as having

interpersonal attractiveness.

A socialization explanation for gender differences in aggressive tendencies

might consider ways in which parents react differently to the aggressive actions of young boys versus girls.

Robbing a bank because you need money is an example of ________ aggression.

proactive

Actions intended to benefit others are called ____ behaviors.

prosocial altruistic

Researchers observed that people may be more likely to remain longer as active volunteers if their initial motivation was more ___________.

self-oriented

Brown and others (2009) found the school violence is especially associated with

the culture of honor in the area.

The bystander effect refers to the tendency for

the presence of others to inhibit helping.

In their famous Good Samaritan study, Darley and Batson (1973) found that

the topic of the seminarians' talks had little impact on the likelihood that they would help.