Fire Training
Fusees burn at 1,400° F or 760° C, but there's more than heat to this potentially hazardous device. Identify TWO fusee hazards.
Toxic fumes, Splattering phosphorous slag
Escape routes should provide the quickest possible path to the safety zone. Identify FOUR travel barriers that could affect escape time to a safety zone.
Vegetation, Loose soils, Hills, Rocks
The area in which the fire has consumed the fuels
black
occurs when there's a sudden increase in ROS sufficient to prevent or rule out direct control of the fire.
blowup
Before starting backfiring or burning out operations
clearly identify escape routes and safety zones.
A single-bit ax is BEST suited for
felling snags, chopping stumps and logs, and driving wedges.
Any area that's not burnt, but is adjacent to an involved area
green
is the part of a wildland fire with the greatest forward rate of spread (ROS).
head
All of the following techniques for operating a drip torch encourage safety, EXCEPT
igniting the torch wick with a lighter or match.
The incident commander (IC) has stopped firing operations because it has become too intense for crews to control. Firing operations may resume when
intensity diminishes and crews regain control.
When considering the size of safety zones, your Incident Response Pocket Guide (IRPG) has specific distance recommendations for how far to separate firefighters from the nearest fuels. Those specific distance recommendations are based on the assumption that there
is no slope and no wind
Unburned area in the black
island
Identify the phrase that BEST completes the following sentence.
known hazards
Outer boundary of the burning area
perimeter
All of the following are drip torch hazards, EXCEPT
poisonous fumes
Fire at this point usually burns into prevailing wind
rear
All of the following are barriers to good communication, EXCEPT
repeating instructions to make sure the message is clear.
A fire that spreads rapidly with a well-defined head
running
Dull cutting edge
sharpen using hand file
A fire periodically igniting the crown of trees
torching
You should wear your fire shelter in a position on your web gear or fireline pack where
you can get it out quickly even while running.
All-wheel and four-wheel drive vehicles have excellent climbing ability in off-road conditions, but their higher center of gravity increases the risk of rollovers. You should never drive across a slope with a grade more than
20 percent
Identify THREE benefits to a tool with a sharp blade.
Cuts more effectively than a dull one, Allows you to use short, sharp cutting strokes, Reduces the need for you to raise a tool above your head
Panic is dangerous and contagious! When the warning is signaled of an approaching fire, identify a personal survival technique that might save your life.
Know the locations of escape routes and safety zones.
Select THREE steps for deploying fire shelters during a strong wind.
Lie on your back or sit with your head toward the wind, Allow the wind to fill the shelter with air, Insert your boots inside the straps at the bottom of the shelter to secure it
Personnel transport vehicles are a common method for moving firefighters to the fireline. Identify TWO safety guidelines for operating a personnel transport.
Limit driving shifts to no more than 10 hours, Don't transport loose tools and personnel together
LCES is an acronym representing the key operational components of the 10 Standard Fire Orders. Let's see how good your memory is. What do the letters in the LCES acronym stand for?
Lookouts, communications, escape routes, safety zones
If followed sequentially, the 10 Standard Fire fighting Orders are designed to keep firefighters safe on an incident. All of the following are Standard Fire fighting Orders, EXCEPT
Maintain engines, radios, and camp gear.
Greatest forward rate of spread
head
When working in burned-over areas, you can be sure to identify snags, holes, rocks, and materials still burning if you remember to always
look up, look down, and look around
Marks the final extinguishing of a fire after it is lined
mopup
As a product of years of experience in countless wildland fires, your Incident Response Pocket Guide (IRPG) lists a set of situations you should watch out for. How many situations that shout "Watch out!" are listed in the IRPG?
18
To control a fire, you need to break the fire triangle by removing one or more of the required elements. Select FOUR ways to remove heat energy from a fire.
Cover with mineral soil, Spray with water, Apply retardant, Expose hot materials to night air
Identify TWO benefits of sharp blades on hand tools.
Cuts more effectively than a dull one, Allows you to use short, sharp cutting strokes
The fuel mixture you will typically use in the drip-torch tank is _____ parts diesel fuel to, part gasoline.
4, 1
Identify THREE ways to use hand tools safely.
Keep your eyes on what is being cut, Wear safety glasses at all times, Watch your cutting angle to prevent ricochet
When working in burned-over areas, always look up, look down, and look around. Identify FOUR things you should be looking for.
Snags, Holes, Rocks, Materials still burning
Operations
Achieves the objectives outlined by the IC and the IAP
Unified command
An established and common set of incident objectives
Identify THREE foundational principles of situational awareness.
An ongoing cycle, The foundation of all the decision making, Gathering information by observation and communication
identify a fire behavior that is a common denominator in most tragic incidents.
Tragedies occur on smaller fires or on isolated portions of larger fires
Span of control
Allows supervisors to track and monitor subordinates
Rusted tool head
Clean and give a light coating of oil
Identify the distance firefighters should maintain when walking or working with hand tools.
10 feet (3 m)
Identify THREE safety precautions for loading and unloading helicopters.
Approach or leave on the downhill side of the helicopter, Stoop as you approach or leave, Keep your safety harness fastened until the pilot directs you to unbuckle
Finance/Administration
Assists agencies requiring cost-recovery and other services
Sometimes firefighters may have to burn out without a drip torch or fusee. Identify FOUR items you could use in the field to burn out with.
Burning leaves or needles placed in unburned fuel with a shovel, Burning branches, Burning rag wrapped around a stick, Matches or a cigarette lighter
You've spilled fuel on your clothes while preparing to store the drip torch. Identify the procedure you should take with your clothes.
Change out of any fuel-contaminated clothes and wash them before wearing again
Identify TWO applications a Pulaski is well suited for.
Chopping stumps and logs, Digging out roots and cutting trenches
Identify THREE responsibilities of a good communicator.
Clarify any unclear information., Ask questions., Repeat instructions back to your supervisor.
Planning
Collects, evaluates, and makes assignments through the IAP
Have lookout in place
Controlling hazards
Alert supervisor if you have a safety concern
Decision points
Command
Directs the overall management of the incident
Protecting the apparatus from damage is an important part of effective fire fighting. Identify THREE guidelines for protecting apparatus.
Do not lock apparatus doors,Roll up all windows completely,Close all compartment doors
Identify TWO safety procedures to follow when carrying hand tools.
Do not run with hand tools, Hold the tool on the downhill side when walking across a slope
Identify THREE safety guidelines for working on or near fixed-wing aircraft.
Do not smoke within 100 feet (30 m) of the aircraft, Wear eye and hearing protection around operating aircraft, Attempt to maintain eye contact with the pilot to be sure he or she sees you
When no natural safety zones are at hand, you can construct your own. Identify TWO methods you can use to construct safety zones.
Engage mechanized equipment, Burn out an area
Select TWO aspects of situational awareness serving to prevent you from having to deploy your fire shelter.
Establish escape routes throughout the day, Post lookouts
Take notice that the fire's location has changed
Evaluation
Identify TWO steps for preparing a drip torch for its next use.
Extinguishing the wick or let it burn dry, Allowing the entire unit to cool to ambient temperature
A fire swatter is most effective when used with another tool. Identify TWO tools you can use in conjunction with a fire swatter.
Fire rake, Backpack pump
Moderately intense fires moving at a moderate rate of spread (ROS)
Flank attack
Identify THREE items an incident commander (IC) will identify before an initial attack.
Fuel types, Location of the fire, Weather conditions
Identify known hazards
Hazard assessment
You're trying to bring a wildland grass fire under control by removing one or more parts of the fire triangle. Identify THREE things you could remove from this scenario to break the fire triangle.
Heat source, Dry grass, Oxygen
You are approaching a slope while fire fighting. Identify THREE ways to correctly carry your hand tool.
Hold the tool at its balance point,Keep the tool at your side and close to your body,Situate the tool on the downhill side of your body
Identify FOUR good places to locate your fire shelter.
In natural firebreaks, In burned areas with no reburn potential, In areas with light fuels, In wide control lines
Safety means being secure from danger or harm. Identify TWO resources you can consult to review crucial checklists and standards.
Incident Response Pocket Guide (IRPG), Fireline Handbook
Identify TWO reasons you need to maintain your situational awareness.
Individual responsibility for personal safety begins from the first fire assignment on, you cannot depend entirely on your supervisor to see everything out there.
During the construction of a fireline, you need a scraping tool that is suited to cut grass, deep litter, and light brush, as well as to trench, grub, and rake. Identify the tool that is capable of fulfilling your needs.
McLeod
Used when avoiding an excessively long control line
Parallel attack
Wildland firefighter protective clothing is designed to protect you from which of the following THREE threats?
Personal Injury, Hostile ambient temperatures, Radiant Heat
Logistics
Provides all support needs (except aircraft) on an incident
Fire shelters are designed to minimize burns and prevent asphyxiation from hot gases. Identify the main type of heat that fire shelters are designed to reflect.
Radiant
Place the fire shelter deployment steps in order.
Remove shelter from packaging, Open and shake out shelter completely, Stand inside opened shelter, Get into a face-down position with your feet toward the fire, Use your head and extremities to secure the edges of the shelter, Push out the top and sides of shelter to maximize insulating space
Cracked handle
Replace immediately
Identify THREE safety guidelines for operators of fire apparatus.
Require passengers to wear safety belts, Require passengers to wear protective gear, Turn apparatus headlights on when the vehicle is in motion
Helicopters provide a way to reach remote fire zones quickly. Identify TWO safety precautions you should follow in a helicopter landing zone.
Stay at least 100 feet (30 m) away unless authorized to approach by the pilot or crew, Wear eye and hearing protection
Identify the TRUE statement about boat transportation procedures.
Stay seated until the crew directs you to unload
Identify THREE situations when you should replace your fire shelter.
Storage bag has turned gray., Tears exceeding 1/4 inch (6 mm) are detected along folded edges., Foil is missing in lengths of 1/2 inch (13 mm) or more.
There is more than one kind of safety zone you can escape to. Identify THREE examples of safety zones.
The burn, Constructed areas, Natural areas
Identify FOUR techniques to ensure your survival while inside a deployed fire shelter.
Wear gloves inside the shelter, Press your face to the ground to breathe, Scoop out as much dirt as you can where your head is
The "Watch-out!" situations are intended to warn you of some very dangerous conditions. Identify THREE "Watch-out!" situations from the "Watch-out!" list.
Wind increases or changes direction, Uninformed on strategy, tactics, and hazards, Constructing line without safe anchor point
Splintered wooden handle
Sand and refinish with light coating of linseed oil
At the scene of a roadside fire, you find you must park on the roadway. What is the first action for you to take?
Set up cones and flares
A fire moving away from the head or against the wind
backing
A fire that burns with a low flame and spreads slowly
creeping
A fire primarily advancing across the tops of trees
crowning
Entrapment is imminent and you need to deploy a fire shelter fast!
drop excess gear immediately.
Long, narrow strip of fire
finger
One way to learn the "Watch-out!" situations is to know what the "Watch-out!" situations are not. All of the following are "Watch-out!" situations, EXCEPT
fire burning uphill away from the black
Roughly parallel to the main direction of fire spread
flank
All of the following are good places to deploy a fire shelter, EXCEPT
heavily trafficked roads
When fire crosses a natural barrier intended to confine the fire
slopover
fire burns without flame
smoldering
Sparks produced by the main fire are carried by winds
spotting
Many hazards you can control, many others you can avoid. You should be able to directly control
subjective hazards.
Personnel accountability
Tracks resources and assignment lists