First Stats Test
Data collected over several time periods are
time series data
Many data analysts define big data by referring to the three V's of data, which include all of the following except
validity
a characteristic of interest for the elements is called a
variable
Since a sample is a subset of the population, the sample mean
varies around the mean of the population
Which of the following is a categorical variable? a. Your age on your last birthday b. Your cell phone area code c. Your accounting class start time d. Your high school graduation year
your cell phone area code
The most common type of observational study is
a survey
Data measured a nominal scale
can be either numeric or nonnumeric
The entities on which data are collected are
elements
A statistics professor asked students in a class their ages. On the basis of this information, the professor states that the average age of all the students in the university is 24 years. This is an example of
statistical inference
In a sample of 1,600 registered voters, 912 or 57% approve of the way the President is doing his job. A political pollster estimates: "Fifty-seven percent of all voters approve of the President." This statement is an example of
statistical inference
a population is
the collection of all items of interest in a particular study
Temperature is an example of a variable that uses
the interval scale
The number of observations in a complete data set having 10 elements and 5 variables is
10
In a random sample of 200 items, 5 items were defective. An estimate of the percentage of defective items in the population is
2.5
how many scales of measurement exist
4
For ease of data entry into a university database, 1 denotes that the student is an undergraduate and 2 indicates that the student is a graduate student. In this case data are
Categorical
Which of the following is not an example of a firm that sells or leases business database services to clients?
Census Bureau
The process of analyzing sample data in order to draw conclusions about the characteristics of a population is called
Descriptive statistics
Which of the following variables uses the interval scale of measurement?
Standardized test score
In a sample of 400 students in a university, 80 or 20% are Business majors. Based on the above information, the school's paper reported that "20% of all the students at the university are Business majors." This report is an example of
Statistical inference
The department of transportation of a city has noted that on the average there are 17 accidents per day. The average number of accidents is an example of
Statistical inference
a survey to collect data on the entire population is
a census
an interviewer has made an error in recording the data, this type of error is known as
a data acquisition error
A portion of the population selected to represent the population is called
a sample
census refers to
a survey to collect data on the entire population
Quantitative Data
are always numeric
categorical data
are labels used to identify attributes of elements
arithmetic operations provide meaningful results for variables that
are quantitative
Data
are the raw materials of statistics
. Dr. Kurt Thearling, a leading practitioner in the field, defines data mining as "the _________ extraction of _________ information from databases".
automated, predictive
The major applications of data mining have been made by companies with a strong _______ focus.
consumer
Arithmetic operations are inappropriate for
categorical data
On a street, the houses are numbered from 300 to 450. The house numbers are examples of
categorical data
in a post office, the mailboxes are numbered from 1 to 4,500. The numbers represent
categorical data
Gender is an example of a
categorical variable
Social security number is an example of
categorical variable
Data collected at the same, or approximately the same point in time are
cross-sectional data
Facts and figures that are collected, analyzed, and summarized for presentation and interpretation are
data
Different methods of developing useful information from large data bases are dealt with under
data mining
All the data collected in a particular study are referred to as the
data set
The process of capturing, storing, and maintaining data is known as
data warehousing
Data dash-board is an analytical technique that falls in the category of
descriptive analysis
In a sample of 1,600 registered voters, 912 or 57% approve of the way the President is doing his job. The 57% approval is an example of
descriptive statistics
In a sample of 800 students in a university, 240 or 30% are business majors. The 30% is an example of
descriptive statistics
The owner of a factory regularly requests a graphical summary of all employees' salaries. The graphical summary of salaries is an example of
descriptive statistics
The summaries of data, which may be tabular, graphical, or numerical, are referred to as
descriptive statistics
Analytics is generally thought to comprise three broad categories of techniques that include all of the following except
diagnostic analytics
The measurement scale suitable for quantitative data is
either interval or ratio scale
Statistical studies in which researchers control variables of interest are
experimental study
Which of the following variables use the ratio scale of measurement
income
which of the following scales of measurement are appropriate for quantitative date
interval and ratio
the sample size
is always smaller than the population size
The average age in a sample of 190 students at City College is 22. As a result of this sample, it can be concluded that the average age of all the students at City College
is around 22
in experimental studies, the variable of interest
is controlled
In observational studies, the variable of interest
is not controlled
Categorical data
may be either numeric or nonnumeric
The subject of data mining deals with
methods for developing useful decision-making information from large data bases
which scale of measurement can be either numeric or non numeric
nominal
In a questionnaire, respondents are asked to mark their gender as male or female. The scale of measurement for gender is
nominal scale
The data measured on ordinal scale exhibits all the properties of data measured on
nominal scale
The scale of measurement used for variable data that is simply a label for the purpose of identifying the attribute of an element is the
nominal scale
The number of observations will always be the same as the
number of elements
Statistical studies in which researchers do not control variables of interest are
observational studies
In a data set, the number of elements will always be the same as the number of
observations
The set of measurements collected for a particular element is (are) called
observations
Ordinary arithmetic operations are meaningful
only with quantitative data
Some hotels ask their guests to rate the hotel's services as excellent, very good, good, and poor. This is an example of
ordinal scale
The scale of measurement that is used to rank order the observation for a variable is called the
ordinal scale
The largest experimental statistical study ever conducted is believed to be for
polio
Simulation, which is the use of probability and statistical computer models to better understand risk, falls under the category of
predictive analytics
Optimization models, which generate solutions that maximize or minimize some objective subject to a set of constraints, fall into the category of
prescriptive analytics
The set of analytical techniques that yield a best course of action is
prescriptive analytics
which of the following is not a scale of measurement
primal
Income is an example of
quantitative data
the height of a building measured in feet, is an example of
quantitative data
the weight of a candy bar in ounces is an example of
quantitative data
Temperature is an example of
quantitative variable
which of the following is a scale of measurement
ratio
Income is an example of a variable that uses the
ratio scale
The scale of measurement that has an inherent zero value defined is the
ratio scale
Five hundred residents of a city are polled to obtain information on voting intentions in an upcoming city election. The five hundred residents in this study is an example
sample
the collection of all elements of interest in a particular study is
the population
statistical inference
the process of drawing inferences about the population based on the information taken from the sample