First Stats Test

Data collected over several time periods are

time series data

Many data analysts define big data by referring to the three V's of data, which include all of the following except​

validity

a characteristic of interest for the elements is called a

variable

Since a sample is a subset of the population, the sample mean

varies around the mean of the population

Which of the following is a categorical variable?​ a. ​Your age on your last birthday b. ​Your cell phone area code c. ​Your accounting class start time d. ​Your high school graduation year

your cell phone area code

The most common type of observational study is

a survey

Data measured a nominal scale

can be either numeric or nonnumeric

The entities on which data are collected are

elements

A statistics professor asked students in a class their ages. On the basis of this information, the professor states that the average age of all the students in the university is 24 years. This is an example of

statistical inference

In a sample of 1,600 registered voters, 912 or 57% approve of the way the President is doing his job. A political pollster estimates: "Fifty-seven percent of all voters approve of the President." This statement is an example of

statistical inference

a population is

the collection of all items of interest in a particular study

Temperature is an example of a variable that uses

the interval scale

The number of observations in a complete data set having 10 elements and 5 variables is

10

In a random sample of 200 items, 5 items were defective. An estimate of the percentage of defective items in the population is

2.5

how many scales of measurement exist

4

For ease of data entry into a university database, 1 denotes that the student is an undergraduate and 2 indicates that the student is a graduate student. In this case data are

Categorical

Which of the following is not an example of a firm that sells or leases business database services to clients?

Census Bureau

The process of analyzing sample data in order to draw conclusions about the characteristics of a population is called

Descriptive statistics

Which of the following variables uses the interval scale of measurement?

Standardized test score

In a sample of 400 students in a university, 80 or 20% are Business majors. Based on the above information, the school's paper reported that "20% of all the students at the university are Business majors." This report is an example of

Statistical inference

The department of transportation of a city has noted that on the average there are 17 accidents per day. The average number of accidents is an example of

Statistical inference

a survey to collect data on the entire population is

a census

an interviewer has made an error in recording the data, this type of error is known as

a data acquisition error

A portion of the population selected to represent the population is called

a sample

census refers to

a survey to collect data on the entire population

Quantitative Data

are always numeric

categorical data

are labels used to identify attributes of elements

arithmetic operations provide meaningful results for variables that

are quantitative

Data

are the raw materials of statistics

. Dr. Kurt Thearling, a leading practitioner in the field, defines data mining as "the _________ extraction of _________ information from databases".​

automated, predictive

The major applications of data mining have been made by companies with a strong _______ focus.

consumer

Arithmetic operations are inappropriate for

categorical data

On a street, the houses are numbered from 300 to 450. The house numbers are examples of

categorical data

in a post office, the mailboxes are numbered from 1 to 4,500. The numbers represent

categorical data

Gender is an example of a

categorical variable

Social security number is an example of

categorical variable

Data collected at the same, or approximately the same point in time are

cross-sectional data

Facts and figures that are collected, analyzed, and summarized for presentation and interpretation are

data

Different methods of developing useful information from large data bases are dealt with under

data mining

All the data collected in a particular study are referred to as the

data set

The process of capturing, storing, and maintaining data is known as

data warehousing

Data dash-board is an analytical technique that falls in the category of​

descriptive analysis

In a sample of 1,600 registered voters, 912 or 57% approve of the way the President is doing his job. The 57% approval is an example of

descriptive statistics

In a sample of 800 students in a university, 240 or 30% are business majors. The 30% is an example of

descriptive statistics

The owner of a factory regularly requests a graphical summary of all employees' salaries. The graphical summary of salaries is an example of

descriptive statistics

The summaries of data, which may be tabular, graphical, or numerical, are referred to as

descriptive statistics

Analytics is generally thought to comprise three broad categories of techniques that include all of the following except​

diagnostic analytics

The measurement scale suitable for quantitative data is

either interval or ratio scale

Statistical studies in which researchers control variables of interest are

experimental study

Which of the following variables use the ratio scale of measurement

income

which of the following scales of measurement are appropriate for quantitative date

interval and ratio

the sample size

is always smaller than the population size

The average age in a sample of 190 students at City College is 22. As a result of this sample, it can be concluded that the average age of all the students at City College

is around 22

in experimental studies, the variable of interest

is controlled

In observational studies, the variable of interest

is not controlled

Categorical data

may be either numeric or nonnumeric

The subject of data mining deals with

methods for developing useful decision-making information from large data bases

which scale of measurement can be either numeric or non numeric

nominal

In a questionnaire, respondents are asked to mark their gender as male or female. The scale of measurement for gender is

nominal scale

The data measured on ordinal scale exhibits all the properties of data measured on

nominal scale

The scale of measurement used for variable data that is simply a label for the purpose of identifying the attribute of an element is the

nominal scale

The number of observations will always be the same as the

number of elements

Statistical studies in which researchers do not control variables of interest are

observational studies

In a data set, the number of elements will always be the same as the number of

observations

The set of measurements collected for a particular element is (are) called

observations

Ordinary arithmetic operations are meaningful

only with quantitative data

Some hotels ask their guests to rate the hotel's services as excellent, very good, good, and poor. This is an example of

ordinal scale

The scale of measurement that is used to rank order the observation for a variable is called the

ordinal scale

The largest experimental statistical study ever conducted is believed to be for​

polio

Simulation, which is the use of probability and statistical computer models to better understand risk, falls under the category of

predictive analytics

Optimization models, which generate solutions that maximize or minimize some objective subject to a set of constraints, fall into the category of

prescriptive analytics

The set of analytical techniques that yield a best course of action is

prescriptive analytics

which of the following is not a scale of measurement

primal

Income is an example of

quantitative data

the height of a building measured in feet, is an example of

quantitative data

the weight of a candy bar in ounces is an example of

quantitative data

Temperature is an example of

quantitative variable

which of the following is a scale of measurement

ratio

Income is an example of a variable that uses the

ratio scale

The scale of measurement that has an inherent zero value defined is the

ratio scale

Five hundred residents of a city are polled to obtain information on voting intentions in an upcoming city election. The five hundred residents in this study is an example

sample

the collection of all elements of interest in a particular study is

the population

statistical inference

the process of drawing inferences about the population based on the information taken from the sample