FIVS 205 Questions

Which of the following is a very unlikely conclusion from a fiber analyst?

"The fiber originated from the item of clothing with no doubt"

In a standard light microscope, the magnification of the oculars is usually:

10X

You are using a microscope with an ocular lens magnification o f 10X and an objective lens magnification of 120X. How many times larger than the actual specimen in the image you're viewing?

1200X

When was anthropometry officially implemented as an identification system in France?

1883

What year were fingerprints adopted by the British government as an adjunct to Bertillonage?

1892

What year did Dr. Leon Lattes develop a test to determine the blood group of a dried bloodstain?

1915

The Frye standard came about in what year?

1923

When did the Frye test come into existence?

1923

When did the Federal Rules of Evidence come into existence?

1975

When did the Daubert test come into existence?

1993

Which amendment is known as the "unreasonable search and seizure" amendment?

4th

Which of these Federal Rules of Evidence deals with expert witness testimony?

702

What is an exemplar?

A known standard collected by investigators

A microscopic crime scene on a body is most likely to be searched by:

A medical examiner

According to your reading, what is increasingly the entry-level requirement for a crime scene processing job?

A science degree from a college or university

What would be considered an exigent circumstance?

A scream for help behind a locked door

"What is ethics, according to your text?"

A set of rules that govern the conduct of a professional working in a given field

What is the term used for describing the body cooling (or warming) to ambient temperature?

Algor mortis

A scene sketch must include

All important objects and measurements

Videographers of the crime scene should NOT include which of the following

All of these (Narration, Crime scene member's equipment, Crime scene team members)

Which of these is an objective of any crime scene investigation?

All of these (Recognition of relevant of physical evidence, Preservation of relevant physical evidence, Interpretation of relevant physical evidence, Collection of relevant physical evidence)

Which of these is a major task of crime scene documentation?

All of these (Sketching, Photography, Videography, Note taking)

Which of these is NOT a way to define a crime scene?

All of these are ways (Size, Sequence, Type, Physical location, Organization)

Who currently certifies doctors in forensic pathology in the U.S.?

American Board of Pathology

Which phase is known as the growth phase?

Anagen

The system that relies upon 11 body measurements with descriptive information as a method of systematic personal identification is called:

Anthropometry (aka Bertillonage)

What two major processes work together to form decomposition?

Autolysis and putrefaction

When must documentation on found items be done?

Before it is collected

In general, when is most evidence likely to have been analyzed by forensic scientists?

Before the arrest of the defendant

The word "forensics" actually means

Belonging to, used in, or suitable to courts of judicature; an argument

Exculpatory evidence

Can exclude a person as a source

You need to compare the striations of two bullets. Which of these would be the best tool to use?

Comparison scope

What do digital imaging tools do to the traditional video and still photography used in crime scene documentation?

Complement

What is evidence?

Court approved information that the trier of fact is allowed to consider when determining a defendant's guilt or innocence

Both the Frye and Daubert tests were the result of:

Court cases

Which of these texts is considered the first forensic science textbook?

Criminal Investigation by Hans Gross

Which of these states that the known or potential error rates of the theory or technique needs to be applied?

Daubert test

You need to look at an intact beetle under the microscope. Which of these would be the best microscope to use?

Dissection microscope

Duties of the first responder consist of which of the following?

Document any changes or alterations to the crime scene

"According to your reading, what is perhaps the single most important task of the crime scene investigator?"

Documentation of the crime scene's original condition

Dr. Locard studied under which well-known forensic scientist?

Dr. Bertillon

Which of these scientists consulted on the Marie Latelle case?

Edmond Locard

This phrase is a simplified version of Locard's Exchange Principle

Every contact leaves a trace

Which of these was a result of a committee of lawyers, judges, and legal scholars?

Federal Rules of Evidence

Which of these scientists is responsible for developing the first classification system for fingerprints?

Francis Galton

Which of these is known as the "general acceptance" test?

Frye

The Daubert trilogy is made up of three trials. One is the Daubert trial. What are the other two?

General Electric Co. vs Joiner and Kumho Tire Co. v. Carmichael

What were the scientists responsible for the early discoveries in forensic science considered due to the face that they worked in many forensic disciplines

Generalists

What were the scientists responsible for the early discoveries in forensic science considered due to the fact that they worked in many forensic disciplines?

Generalists

Which of these historical figures is credited with establishing scientific examination of firearms evidence in the United States?

Goddard

The most common type of trace evidence is

Hair

Who coined the term criminalistics?

Hans Gross

"According to your reading, why did Edmond Locard go into forensics?"

He read a Study in Scarlet

Which of these organs is not one of the first affected by autolysis?

Heart

Which of these references a particular suspect?

Individual characteristics evidence

Who solves crimes?

Investigators

In a light microscope, the ________ may be opened and closed to adjust the amount of light shining through the specimen

Iris diaphragm

A secondary crime scene:

Is any crime scene that came after the original criminal activity

Direct evidence

Is evidence that establishes a fact without the need for further inference

A primary crime scene:

Is the site of the original or first criminal activity

You illegally search a scene, and find hair and fibers that lead you to a particular car with a murder weapon. During trial, the murder weapon is removed from evidence. Why?

It is fruit of the poisonous tree

The Will West Case is important because:

It proved the Bertillonage method didn't work in all cases

Why is a crime scene sketch essential during scene documentation?

It records the actual size or measurement of the scene and its physical evidence

The Culshaw Case is important because

It was the first documented case of matching physical evidence in modern history

What happens if you don't photograph evidence at the scene?

It's inadmissible in court

Which of these famous figures was the inspiration for Sherlock Holmes?

Joseph Bell

Court cases define the term "scientific" as:

Knowledge generated through the use of the scientific method

Hans Gross started which journal?

Kriminologie

According to a 2009 report, which of these is a major challenge to the forensic sciences?

Lack of rigorous research into the sciences

What is the term for the settling of blood according to gravity, resulting in a discoloration?

Livor mortis

What is trace evidence?

Material found at a crime scene in small but measurable amounts

Which of these is immune to outliers?

Median

A scale calibrated with a(n) _______ may be placed in the ocular of a microscope to aid in measuring very small things

Micrometer

When trying to calculate the total magnification of a light microscope, what do you do?

Multiply the objective power by the ocular power

Which of the following is not a challenge to soil evidence mentioned in the text?

Nobody specialized in forensic soil analysis

The classification of the crime scene labels the site of the original or first criminal activity as what?

Primary crime scene

A suspect is found with scratch marks across his face. Skin cells consistent with the suspect are collected from beneath the fingernails of a victim. What type of evidence transfer is this?

Primary transfer

What does "corpus delicti" mean?

Proof that a crime was committed

Which of the following is NOT one of the three common human medulla patterns?

Pulsing

The process of observing the outcome of a chance event is called a(n)

Random experiment

Circumstantial evidence

Requires inference from a fact that is directly proven

What is the first universal rule of processing a crime scene?

Safety first

A body is discovered in a field on the outskirts of town. Pollen consistent with plants only found in that field is later found embedded into the carpet in the entryway of a suspect's residence. What type of evidence transfer is this?

Secondary transfer

Cat hair is found on a suspect's t-shirt consistent with the hair from the victim's pet cat. The suspect has never been to the victim's apartment or interacted with the animal. It is hypothesized that this hair was transferred from the victim's sweater to the suspect's t-shirt during a struggle. What type of evidence transfer is this?

Secondary transfer

Who is credited with developing the first classification system for fingerprints?

Sir Francis Galton

Which is the most common type of glass?

Soda-lime glass

The microscopic classification of a crime scene is focused on:

Specific types of physical evidence found in a macroscopic crime scene

The microscopic classification of a crime scene is focuses on

Specific types of physical evidence found in a macroscopic crime scene

The ___________ ____________ states that, on average, each data point is a certain amount away from the mean

Standard deviation

When the Federal Rules of Evidence were enacted, what happened at the State level?

States were free to adopt the federal rules or maintain different state rules

Which case helped to discredit Bertillionage?

The Will West case

Who is responsible for first securing and protecting a crime scene?

The first responder

Which of these is considered a macroscopic crime scene?

The kitchen in which a woman was attacked

What is micrometry?

The measurement of dimensions of specimens under a microscope using a micrometer or specialized software

Which of these best describes the phrase "contrite fallibilism?"

The state of understanding the limits of our knowledge and the ability to acknowledge that we are not fallible

Which of these is an adequate substitute for photography at a scene?

There is no adequate substitute for photography

Why are biological samples dried before collection/packaging?

To prevent microbial (mold) formation and to prevent mixing of samples (e.g. blood and semen)

The major goal of working a crime scene is

To reconstruct the events that generated the collected evidence

Who starts the chain of custody?

Whoever collected the evidence

The distance between the end of the lends and the object you're looking at on a light microscope is know as the ________ distance

Working