FMST 3341 Exam 1, ch./lesson 5

region of the world which showed the greatest increase in diabetes between 1980 and 2014

*Countries in the eastern Mediterranean region showed the most precipitous rise in diabetes prevalence between 1980 and 2014*, but all regions of the world showed at least a doubling rate as well.

Alzheimer's disease and ApoE gene

*One of the prime genes thought to be involved in the late-onset form of the disease is the __ gene, located on chromosome 19.* *__ is a protein that carries cholesterol throughout the body, but it also binds to beta-amyloid, possibly playing a role in plaque formation*. A host of other genes have been proposed, perhaps as many as 21, which can individually or in combination be involved in the disease. The newer approaches to understanding the genetics of Alzheimer's disease use genome-wide association study to look for genetic associations that may not be predicted by existing theory.

Type 2 diabetes, insulin and metabolic syndrome

Diabetes can be understood in terms of the biopsychosocial perspective in that it involves physical, behavioral, and sociocultural risk factors noted earlier in the chapter as risk factors for heart disease. *Researchers in this area warn that older adults are becoming increasingly likely to experience metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, high lipid levels, and hypertension, leading to greater risk of cardiovascular and kidney disease.*

Activities of Daily Living

Many health researchers & practitioners find it *useful to assess an older adult's ability to perform* ____ , *which are the tasks of bathing, dressing, transferring, using the toilet, and eating.*

Arthritis and weight

People who are *overweight or obese are at further risk for osteoarthritis,* *particularly in the lower joints which must support their extra weight.* People whose osteoarthritis is made worse by their obesity can also benefit from a program of exercise that focuses on weight loss.

be prepared to identify the 3 psychological symptoms of Alzheimer's Disease

The earliest signs are *occasional loss of memory for recent events or familiar tasks*. *Changes in personality and behavior* eventually become evident as the disease progresses. By the time the disease has entered the most advanced stage, the individual has *lost the ability to perform even the simplest and most basic of everyday functions.*

beneficial effect of engaging in dance classes for older adults as identified in AgeFeed

You'll *get your exercise* while *benefiting from the mental stimulation involved in learning new moves and remembering choreography.*

behavioral risk factors for chronic diseases in later adulthood

include a *sedentary lifestyle, smoking, alcohol use, and unhealthy diets*. *Tobacco Use* = Cardiovascular disease, Cancer, Chronic lung disease. *Alcohol Use* = Cardiovascular disease, Cancer. *Unhealthy Diet* = Cardiovascular, Cancer, Diabetes. *Sedentary Lifestyle* = Cardiovascular disease, Cancer, Diabetes. *Obesity* = Cardiovascular disease, Cancer, Diabetes.

apraxia

loss of ability to carry out coordinated movement

agnosia

loss of ability to recognize familiar objects

aphasia

loss of language ability

executive functioning

loss of the ability to plan and organize