Food and nutrition Utah state test
Define dice
cut into small cubes
What is the abbreviation for gallon?
gal
When cooking on the stove top what direction should pan handles be facing?
inside
Pasta should be cooked with the lid ____
off
Rice should be cooked with the lid __
on
What is the abbreviation for ounce?
oz
What is the abbreviation for pint?
pt
What is the abbreviation for quart?
qt
What causes Salmonella?
raw eggs and poultry
What are the three types of fatty acids?
saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated
How do you measure sifted flour?
spoon flour into a measuring dry measuring cup and then sift
When in doubt _____ __ ____
throw it out
Define whip
to beat rapidly to incorporate air and increase volume
Define dredge
to coat food heavily with flour, breadcrumbs, or cornmeal
What is the abbreviation for teaspoon?
tsp
What causes E coli?
undercooked ground beef
Fiber attracts ____ to the intestines and aids in digestion
water
What is the abbreviation for pound?
# or lb
How many calories does water have and what is its main function?
0, carries vitamins
How many calories do vitamins and minerals have and what is their main function?
0. regulate body functions
What is 1 1/2 tsp doubled?
1 Tbsp
What is the equivalent of 16 T?
1 c
What is the equivalent of 8 fl oz?
1 c
How do you measure shortening?
1. Spoon in dry measuring cup, pack, level 2. Water displacement
What is the equivalent of 1 cube of butter?
1/2 c
What is half of 2/3 c?
1/3 c
What are the standard measuring cups?
1/4 c, 1/3 c, 1/2 c, 1 c
What are the standard measuring spoons?
1/4 tsp, 1/2 tsp, 1 tsp, 1 tbsp
What is the minimum amount of time that should be spent on hand washing?
10 seconds
Proteins should make up __-__% of our daily calories
10-35
Keep hot foods above ____ degrees and cold food below __ degrees
135, 41
What is the correct cooking temp for seafood/beef/veal/lamb/pork?
145
What is the correct cooking temp for ground meats?
155
What is the correct cooking temp for leftovers?
165
What is the correct cooking temp for poultry?
165
What is the uncooked to cooked ratio of pasta?
1:2
What is the uncooked to cooked ratio of rice?
1:3
What is the equivalent of 16 oz?
2 c
Nutrient labels are based on a _____ calorie diet
2,000
Lipids should make up __-__% of our daily calories
20-35
How much fiber does the average American need a day?
20-35 g
What is the equivalent of 1 tbsp?
3 tsp
What is the equivalent of 1/4 c?
4 tbsp
How many calories do proteins have and what is their main function?
4, build/repair tissues
How many calories do carbs have and what is their main function?
4. Energy
Carbs should make up __-__% of our daily calories
45-65
Teens should be physically active for __ mins each day
60
How many calories do lipids have and what is their main function?
9, carry vitamins
What is the equivalent of 2c?
A pint
How should you treat a bleeding cut?
Apply direct pressure
How should you lift the lid off a pan full of hot, steamy food?
Away from your face
What type of rice has the most fiber?
Brown
Define saute
Brown food in low-medium heat
What gas is produced to raise yeast bread?
CO 2
_____________ are the body's main source of energy
Carbohydrates
What are the six functions of lipids?
Carries vitamins, promotes cell growth, reserve energy, cushion organs, promotes healthy skin, and insulator
What is the difference between cleaning and sanitizing?
Cleaning is picking up physical things while sanitation is cleaning the invisible things
Which type of carbs are the best energy source?
Complex
Define steam
Cook by vapor from boiling water
Define simmer
Cook just below boiling point
What three things change when halving or doubling a recipe?
Cook time, ingredients, and size of pan
How do you measure eggs?
Crack in a separate container then add to recipe
How do you measure margarine/butter?
Cut by the wrapper labels
Define mince
Cut in smallest pieces possible
Define chop
Cut into small pieces
______ is a source of complete proteins
Dairy
What types of carbs are simple?
Easily broken down
Define mise en place
Everything in place
What causes Hepatitis A?
Feces transferred from improper hand washing
What are the 6 things that bacteria need to grow? (FATTOM)
Food, acid, time, temperature, oxygen, and moisture
What are empty calories?
Foods with no nutritions
What are the safest ways to thaw frozen meats?
Fridge for 2-3 days.Run under cold water.
______ are low in fat, sodium, and protein
Fruits
What does nutrient dense mean?
Full of nutrients
What are three microwave safe materials?
Glass, paper, and plastic
Are HDL or LDL better for you?
HDL
What causes staphylococci?
Human contimation
What is the most common source of Botulism?
Improperly canned foods/bulging cans
What causes norovirus?
Infected food handler
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
K,A,D,E
What are the three ways to put out a grease fire?
Lid, backing soda, and fire extinguisher
How do polyunsaturated acids affect HDL and LDL levels?
Lower both
What are microwaves repelled by?
Metal
What are the 9 most common food allergens?
Milk, soy, eggs, fish, tree nuts, peanuts, shellfish, and wheat
Give two examples of quick breads?
Muffin, biscuit
Why will foods not brown in the microwave?
No dry heat
What is the equivalent of 16 c?
One gallon
What is the equivalent of 4 quarts?
One gallon
How do you measure oil/milk/water?
Pout in liquid measuring cup and look at eye level
________ build and repair body tissue
Proteins
How do saturated acids affect HDL and LDL levels?
Raise HDL and raise LDL
How do monounsaturated acids affect HDL and LDL levels?
Raise HDL lower LDL
Define peel
Remove skin of fruits/veggies
What type of dish would be best for microwave cooking?
Round
How should you treat a first-degree burn?
Run under cold water
What ingredient controls yeast?
Salt
How do you measure sugar/salt?
Scoop into a dry measuring cup and level off
Are dull or sharp knives safer? Why?
Sharp-cleaner cut
What are the three types of carbohydrates?
Simple, complex, and fiber
How do you measure flour?
Spoon in dry measuring cup and level off
How do you measure brown sugar?
Spoon into dry measuring cup, pack then level off
Define flour
Sprinkle lightly in powdered substance
What does flour do in bread?
Structure
What ingredients feed yeast?
Sugar
What are the three things that microwaves are attracted to?
Sugar, fat, and water
What type of carbs are complex?
Sustained energy
What is the abbreviation for tablespoon?
T or tbsp
What is standing time?
The time food sits after being microwaved
What causes clostridium perfringens?
Time and temperature abused foods
Define cut-in
To combine flour and solid fat by cutting the fat into tiny pieces using a pastry blender, two forks or knives, or your hands.
Define fold-in
To combine two mixtures by gently cutting down through the mixture, across the bottom, and turning over near the surface
Define cream
To work sugar and fat together until the mixture is soft and fluffy
What would a mix of chlorine bleach and ammonia make?
Toxic deadly fumes
What should you do first if someone is being shocked?
Turn off main power source
What causes campylobacter SPP?
Unpasteurized milk and contaminated water
What are three ways food become unsafe?
Unsafe source, poor cooking, and poor hygiene
___________ have no cholesterol
Vegetables
What are the three things you should never put on a grease fire?
Water, sugar, and flour
What is cross contact?
When one allergen comes in contact with another food
Define knead
Work dough by folding
What type of leavening agent does yeast bread use?
Yeast
Which populations are most at risk for getting sick? (YOPI)
Young, old, pregnant, and immune
What is the abbreviation for cup?
c