Food and nutrition Utah state test

Define dice

cut into small cubes

What is the abbreviation for gallon?

gal

When cooking on the stove top what direction should pan handles be facing?

inside

Pasta should be cooked with the lid ____

off

Rice should be cooked with the lid __

on

What is the abbreviation for ounce?

oz

What is the abbreviation for pint?

pt

What is the abbreviation for quart?

qt

What causes Salmonella?

raw eggs and poultry

What are the three types of fatty acids?

saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated

How do you measure sifted flour?

spoon flour into a measuring dry measuring cup and then sift

When in doubt _____ __ ____

throw it out

Define whip

to beat rapidly to incorporate air and increase volume

Define dredge

to coat food heavily with flour, breadcrumbs, or cornmeal

What is the abbreviation for teaspoon?

tsp

What causes E coli?

undercooked ground beef

Fiber attracts ____ to the intestines and aids in digestion

water

What is the abbreviation for pound?

# or lb

How many calories does water have and what is its main function?

0, carries vitamins

How many calories do vitamins and minerals have and what is their main function?

0. regulate body functions

What is 1 1/2 tsp doubled?

1 Tbsp

What is the equivalent of 16 T?

1 c

What is the equivalent of 8 fl oz?

1 c

How do you measure shortening?

1. Spoon in dry measuring cup, pack, level 2. Water displacement

What is the equivalent of 1 cube of butter?

1/2 c

What is half of 2/3 c?

1/3 c

What are the standard measuring cups?

1/4 c, 1/3 c, 1/2 c, 1 c

What are the standard measuring spoons?

1/4 tsp, 1/2 tsp, 1 tsp, 1 tbsp

What is the minimum amount of time that should be spent on hand washing?

10 seconds

Proteins should make up __-__% of our daily calories

10-35

Keep hot foods above ____ degrees and cold food below __ degrees

135, 41

What is the correct cooking temp for seafood/beef/veal/lamb/pork?

145

What is the correct cooking temp for ground meats?

155

What is the correct cooking temp for leftovers?

165

What is the correct cooking temp for poultry?

165

What is the uncooked to cooked ratio of pasta?

1:2

What is the uncooked to cooked ratio of rice?

1:3

What is the equivalent of 16 oz?

2 c

Nutrient labels are based on a _____ calorie diet

2,000

Lipids should make up __-__% of our daily calories

20-35

How much fiber does the average American need a day?

20-35 g

What is the equivalent of 1 tbsp?

3 tsp

What is the equivalent of 1/4 c?

4 tbsp

How many calories do proteins have and what is their main function?

4, build/repair tissues

How many calories do carbs have and what is their main function?

4. Energy

Carbs should make up __-__% of our daily calories

45-65

Teens should be physically active for __ mins each day

60

How many calories do lipids have and what is their main function?

9, carry vitamins

What is the equivalent of 2c?

A pint

How should you treat a bleeding cut?

Apply direct pressure

How should you lift the lid off a pan full of hot, steamy food?

Away from your face

What type of rice has the most fiber?

Brown

Define saute

Brown food in low-medium heat

What gas is produced to raise yeast bread?

CO 2

_____________ are the body's main source of energy

Carbohydrates

What are the six functions of lipids?

Carries vitamins, promotes cell growth, reserve energy, cushion organs, promotes healthy skin, and insulator

What is the difference between cleaning and sanitizing?

Cleaning is picking up physical things while sanitation is cleaning the invisible things

Which type of carbs are the best energy source?

Complex

Define steam

Cook by vapor from boiling water

Define simmer

Cook just below boiling point

What three things change when halving or doubling a recipe?

Cook time, ingredients, and size of pan

How do you measure eggs?

Crack in a separate container then add to recipe

How do you measure margarine/butter?

Cut by the wrapper labels

Define mince

Cut in smallest pieces possible

Define chop

Cut into small pieces

______ is a source of complete proteins

Dairy

What types of carbs are simple?

Easily broken down

Define mise en place

Everything in place

What causes Hepatitis A?

Feces transferred from improper hand washing

What are the 6 things that bacteria need to grow? (FATTOM)

Food, acid, time, temperature, oxygen, and moisture

What are empty calories?

Foods with no nutritions

What are the safest ways to thaw frozen meats?

Fridge for 2-3 days.Run under cold water.

______ are low in fat, sodium, and protein

Fruits

What does nutrient dense mean?

Full of nutrients

What are three microwave safe materials?

Glass, paper, and plastic

Are HDL or LDL better for you?

HDL

What causes staphylococci?

Human contimation

What is the most common source of Botulism?

Improperly canned foods/bulging cans

What causes norovirus?

Infected food handler

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

K,A,D,E

What are the three ways to put out a grease fire?

Lid, backing soda, and fire extinguisher

How do polyunsaturated acids affect HDL and LDL levels?

Lower both

What are microwaves repelled by?

Metal

What are the 9 most common food allergens?

Milk, soy, eggs, fish, tree nuts, peanuts, shellfish, and wheat

Give two examples of quick breads?

Muffin, biscuit

Why will foods not brown in the microwave?

No dry heat

What is the equivalent of 16 c?

One gallon

What is the equivalent of 4 quarts?

One gallon

How do you measure oil/milk/water?

Pout in liquid measuring cup and look at eye level

________ build and repair body tissue

Proteins

How do saturated acids affect HDL and LDL levels?

Raise HDL and raise LDL

How do monounsaturated acids affect HDL and LDL levels?

Raise HDL lower LDL

Define peel

Remove skin of fruits/veggies

What type of dish would be best for microwave cooking?

Round

How should you treat a first-degree burn?

Run under cold water

What ingredient controls yeast?

Salt

How do you measure sugar/salt?

Scoop into a dry measuring cup and level off

Are dull or sharp knives safer? Why?

Sharp-cleaner cut

What are the three types of carbohydrates?

Simple, complex, and fiber

How do you measure flour?

Spoon in dry measuring cup and level off

How do you measure brown sugar?

Spoon into dry measuring cup, pack then level off

Define flour

Sprinkle lightly in powdered substance

What does flour do in bread?

Structure

What ingredients feed yeast?

Sugar

What are the three things that microwaves are attracted to?

Sugar, fat, and water

What type of carbs are complex?

Sustained energy

What is the abbreviation for tablespoon?

T or tbsp

What is standing time?

The time food sits after being microwaved

What causes clostridium perfringens?

Time and temperature abused foods

Define cut-in

To combine flour and solid fat by cutting the fat into tiny pieces using a pastry blender, two forks or knives, or your hands.

Define fold-in

To combine two mixtures by gently cutting down through the mixture, across the bottom, and turning over near the surface

Define cream

To work sugar and fat together until the mixture is soft and fluffy

What would a mix of chlorine bleach and ammonia make?

Toxic deadly fumes

What should you do first if someone is being shocked?

Turn off main power source

What causes campylobacter SPP?

Unpasteurized milk and contaminated water

What are three ways food become unsafe?

Unsafe source, poor cooking, and poor hygiene

___________ have no cholesterol

Vegetables

What are the three things you should never put on a grease fire?

Water, sugar, and flour

What is cross contact?

When one allergen comes in contact with another food

Define knead

Work dough by folding

What type of leavening agent does yeast bread use?

Yeast

Which populations are most at risk for getting sick? (YOPI)

Young, old, pregnant, and immune

What is the abbreviation for cup?

c