Forensics Unit 1: Questions

Which base sequence is accurately paired? - G with C - G with A - T with C - C with T

- G with C

Which modern tool would NOT have been available in the 15th century? -a microscope for fiber analysis -0the naked eye used for handwriting analysis -a magnifying glass for analysis of tear patterns of paper found at the scene -pen-and-ink documents offering ink bleed patterns

-a microscope for fiber analysis

What's the correct order of locations when detectives process evidence?

-at the crime scene -in the forensic lab -in the court

***During the early year of criminal investigation, it was different for the legal system to evaluate 'expert' witnesses because:

-there were no standards for investigations -medical personnel were not asked to be present as a coroner's examination, thus providing a second opinion based on physiology of the body -the defendant's ability to convince the judge was often most believable

What is NOT part of a forensic scientist's job? -to analyze evidence collected from the crime scene -to proclaim the suspect guilty or innocent -to use the scientific method & reason to solve crime scenes -to present evidence in courts of law

-to proclaim the suspect guilty of innocent

What percentage of the human genome is truly unique to the individual and usable for DNA profiling?

0.1%

The scientist __________ discovered the fact that each individual has a unique DNA profile or fingerprint.

Alec Jeffreys

__________ deliberately manipulates the genes of organisms with the intent of making the organism better.

Biogenetic engineering

__________ is the science that manages the database, digital tools, and software used by both medicine and forensic science to store and analyze DNA.

Bioinformatics

***Comparing the forensic use of DNA fingerprinting and traditional fingerprinting produced by ink on a piece of paper, which fact is not true?

Both types of fingerprints can often be easy to obtain from the crime scene

The vast fingerprint database held by the FBI can be scanned and is digitized by what instrument or technology?

Computers

Why is DNA profiling of criminals sometimes called DNA fingerprinting?

DNA profiles are unique for each individual, much like each individual's fingerprint is unique.

There is much in common between medical and forensic workers, such as the study of the DNA profile. In what area would you expect to find the biggest variance?

Ethics and legal responsibilities

Catching the criminal and proving him guilty is very important in maintaining good ethics in the field of forensic science.

False

DNA analysis is always a very accurate science yielding trustworthy results.

False

Genetic testing accessible to the public has become much more accurate and reasonably priced because of the use of independent laboratories.

False

Pathology is the study of the effects of disease on the body, while forensic pathology studies the disease of crime

False

The chromosomes and genes in your feet differ greatly from those in your eyes because they are parts of separate organs.

False

The organization called __________ is made up of university and disease advocacy groups. The missions of the group is to transparently seek genetic answers to health questions, such as the genetic cause of Huntington's Disease.

Genetic Alliance

A book, written in 1891, still used as a reference guide in forensic science is:

Of Criminal Investigation

What is the appropriate organizational structure for size? (smallest to largest)

Paired bases, DNA molecule, gene, chromosome, cell, arm, person.

The legal system of the 1800s depended on testimony regarding physical evidence from t=scientists of what profession?

Physicians

__________ studies the blood types and immune factors as a means of identification of the course of the blood.

Serologist

Photography of the scene of a car crash could show this important piece.

The skid marks showing when the cars began to brake and the point of collision

__________ would be considered a "con" to having the national DNA databases.

The use of the personal information in a way that would discriminate against individuals based on confidential information such as potential genetic diseases

Both the robbery victim and the suspect in the robbery have the right to justice and protection of personal rights.

True

The most ancient known use of fingerprinting was validate signatures showing honest intent.

True

When Dr. Goddard presented his findings matching the bullets in the dead man and the gun belonging to Chicago gangster, Al "Scarface" Capone, he also would have had to prove the validity of the method he used to make the identification.

True

DNA profiling is one of the best sources to physical evidence to identify the guilty party because __________.

a person's DNA profile is unique to only that person and found in every cell of the body, some of which are often found at the scene of the crime

***The identification of more than 3,000 genetic diseases is possible with the new knowledge of the human genome. Because of that, __________ should obtain genetic testing.

all member of a family who have a known genetic disease

An __________ is a scientist who might study the bones found in an old grave.

anthropologist

The __________ is an examination of a dead body to determine the probable cause of death. It is done by a forensic scientist called a coroner.

autopsy

The extraction of DNA from saliva would be done by a __________.

biochemist

The use of genetics by farmers to reproduce more abundant and healthier crops is an application of the science of __________.

biotechnology

The discovery of the structure and makeup of DNA was very competitive, even dishonest at times, between scientists of various countries. Therefore, the Human Genome Project was monumental accomplishment because the project __________.

brought the world's research together and made it available to everybody

The ELSI is the agency responsible for __________.

considering ethical, legal, and social implications related to the human genome

The French Le Surete included an ex-criminal, Vidocq, who put together files describing the individual modus operendi, or the __________ of each criminal.

criminal behaviors

The scientific method used by forensic scientists depends on observation and __________.

deductive reasoning

Polymerase is a(n) __________ used in the process of DNA analysis for fragment amplification.

enzyme

The science that studies the impact of atmospheric smog on genetic expression, causing cancer and other diseases such as asthma, is called __________.

epigenomics

A source that could not be used to obtain DNA of a person lost in a mass disaster would be __________.

food found in the victim's refrigerator

The biotechnology developed for the forensic DNA profiling process includes contributions from the sciences of __________.

genetics, molecular biology, biochemisty, and bioinformatics

The genome map with details for gene 4on chromosome 6 __________.

has been made available to both the scientific and private communities of the world.

The ultimate objective of the forensic investigation is to obtain evidence that will reveal the __________.

identity of the victim

The federal courts have decided it __________ an invasion of a suspect's privacy to be asked for a DNA sample when brought into custody.

is not

The data on the Human Genome Database cannot be used to determine __________.

life-threatening accidents

The goal of the Human Genome Project __________.

map the entire human genome

Blood evidence cannot provide physical evidence regarding __________.

motive for the crime

The database used for the identification of victims of earthquakes __________.

needs the identities and profiles of possible victims

Genetic counseling should accompany DNA analysis of __________.

parents seeking disease screening for their newborn

The __________ is often of the greatest value in the courtroom because it is more definite and unchangeable.

physical evidence

Gel electrophoresis is used in DNA analysis to __________ the DNA fragments of varying lengths.

separate

Evidence you studied in this lesson points to __________ as having murdered Caesar.

several of the senators

The personal traits of __________ are not good for the career of forensic science.

spontaneously and creatively developing new and improved ways of doing things

The database of DNA for endangered species could include __________.

the DNA of animals that are no longer seen

DNA of the guilty suspect could NOT be obtained from __________.

the suspect's online bank account