Foundations of Early Childhood Educare Chapters 1-3 Exam

Lucy Sprague Mitchell

bank street college of education, laboratory schools

purpose of Head Start

compensatory education for at-risk children, parent involvement, community control comprehensive nature, parent participation and involvement, services to families, community collaboration, multicultural education, inclusion of children with special needs

Rousseau

Emile, active learning, child's view, phases of development emphasized more concrete teaching material, saving abstract and symbolism for later years children naturally good

Name and describe the four basic themes in early childhood

Ethics of social reform- schooling and caring for children can improve the world Importance of childhood- foundation for future learning and success, holistic approach, taking the child in context, believing that childhood is a special time of life Transmitting values- self-worth and acceptance of diversity in a democratic society Professionalism- sense of identity, purpose to engage in developmentally appropriate practices, commitment to ethical teaching and child advocacy, participating in the work as a legitimate livelihood

IEP

Individualized Education Plan

IFSP

Individualized Family Service Plan- early intervention services and planning for an infant/toddler to three years old and their family

Choose one theorist and describe the theorists' contributions to the field (at least 4 points)

Montessori-

Comenius

Orbis pictures, observation and natural order, readiness stressed learning about doing and that "the desire to know and to learn should be excited... in every possible manner" first picture book

Dewey

Progressive education shift away from subject matter, social skills developed

Malaguzzi

Reggio Emilia- amiable, invites relationships between teachers, parents, and kids

laboratory schools

Schools located on a post-secondary or college campus with a primary purpose of training future teachers and serving as a study group for research

advantages to mixed-age grouping

each child's developmental and learning pace are accommodated a sense of community is fostered older children learn patience and younger children are challenged by older peers social skills enhanced wide range of behaviors age and competition are deemphasized teachers know and understand children at greater depth reflect principles of Dewey, Piaget, Gardner, and Vygotsky

what is a primary reason parents choose homeschool over public school

educational philosophies and methods are widely diverse

Patty Smith Hill

inspired the NAEYC curricula and programs on the nature and needs of children in kindergarten

looping

keeping children and teacher together for 2 or more years

purpose of Word Pictures/Age-Level Charts

let teachers know what to expect and when to expect it problem behaviors might actually be normal behaviors helps plan lessons attitudes about differences

effective guidance strategies for children with ADHD

maintain regular and consistent routines and rules have realistic expectations make eye contact when giving directions, using clear and simple instructions allow time for transitions by giving a plan for the next step select jobs in which the child will be successful recognize accomplishments

Montessori

open air preschool, sensitive periods, sequential steps in learning, tactile and self-correcting prepared environment

how can we show respect for other cultures in classrooms

positive self-concept and identity open discussions each child's heritage is honored get to know families

Locke

scientific method, mind and learning, tabula rasa, individual difference tabula rasa- the belief that the child is born neutral and is a clean slate

DAP

stresses the need for activity-based learning environments based on what we know about children through research and observation what is known about child development, what is known about the individual child, what is known about the social and cultural context

Froebel

teacher training, Kindergarten, play is constructive and formative kindergarten- adults' role is to plant ideas and materials for children to use as they grow at their own pace

The McMillian Sisters

theory of nurture and good health at an early age, nursery schools nursery school- meet physical needs, intellectual stimulation, and socioemotional focus

Name and describe the three criteria for DAP

what is known about child development? what is known about the individual child? what is known about the social and cultural context?