Foundations of Journalism Final 12/8

Conflict of Interest

"The toothbrush rule" Personal ties between the reporter and the reported that may affect the overall truth of a story through bias or prejudice.

Checkbook Journalism

Being paid to do a story.

3 Ways in Which News Should be Biased

Brevity, common good, interest

Defamation

Exposes a person to hatred, ridicule, or contempt; lowers one in the esteem of his or her acquaintances; causes one to be shunned; injures one in his or her business.

"False Light"

Facts arranged in a way so as to mislead an audience

Libel

False and defamatory statements in print or broadcast form, often resulting from negligence or poor reporting practices

4 Characteristics of Libel

False, subject identified, published, defaming

Fairness (3 Factors)

Impartiality No benefit for reporter No bias

Misinformation

Incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event.

IMVAIN

Independent Multiple Verified Authoritative Informed Named

News

Informs

4 Ways to Invade Privacy

Intrusion, appropriation, false light, publication of embarrassing private facts

Intrusion

No consent given, trespasses

Propaganda

Persuades

Disinformation

Planting false stories in the media

Marketing

Sells

Appropriation

The media are prohibited from using a person's name or likeness for commercial gain without their consent.

Best Defense Against Libel

The truth

VAIDFIT

Verified? Asserted? Indirect Sources? Direct Sources? Fair? Inferences? Transparency?

Misrepresentation

Widespread plagiarism and fabrication