France Under Louis XIV

Who became king after Henry IV

Henry IV's son Louis XIII

Who fought in the French Civil War

Catholic majority and the French Protestants or Huguenots

Who did Henry IV fight against for 4 years before becoming one

Catholics

Edict of Nantes

a proclamation issued by Henry IV granting the Huguenots religious toleration and other freedoms

levee

a ritual ceremony performed each morning when king Louis XIV rose from bed

intendant

a royal official who collected taxes, recruited soldiers and carried out the king's policies in the provinces

Who lived at Versailles and why

nobles lived at Versailles tax-free because Louis XIV didn't want them threatening his power, through elaborate ceremonies like the levee, nobles were turned from potential rivals to courtiers angling for privileges

Who did Louis XIV never call a meeting of

the Estates-General

What did Louis XIV sponsor

the French Academies which sets standards for the arts and sciences

What was Henry IV's goal

"to put a chicken in every pot"

How did France decline

1. Louis XIV fought costly wars to expand French borders, but was checked by rival rulers hoping to maintain the balance of power 2. He also tried to unite France and Spain, but failed 3. He revoked the Edict of Nantes so around 100,000 hardworking and prosperous Huguenots left France

How did France get rich

1. new lands were cleared for farming 2. high tariffs were put on imported goods 3. overseas colonies were fostered and trade with them was carefully regulated

How did Henry IV increase royal bureaucracy

1. royal officials built roads and bridges, administered justice and revived agriculture 2. Henry IV reduced the power of nobles 3. In doing so, he laid the groundwork for future kings to rule without any check on their power

Who did Louis XIII appoint as chief minister and what did the chief minister do

Cardinal Richelieu used his cunning to strengthen the central government, he also outlawed Huguenot armies and gave the nobles high posts at court to tie them to the king

How long did Louis XIV rule

72 years

Huguenots

French Protestants of the 1500's and the 1600's

what did Louis XIV do because of the Fronde

Louis XIV took complete control of government and solidified his power as an absolute monarch

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

Louis XIV's finance minister, who imposed mercantilist policies to bolster France's economy

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre

The worst violence during the French Civil War in 1572, when 3000 Huguenots were killed, this symbolized a breakdown of order in France

Henry IV

a Huguenot prince who inherited the French throne in 1589

balance of power

a distribution of military and economic power among nations to prevent any one country from becoming too strong

Louis XIV

a king who inherited the French throne in 1643 and went on to rule with absolute power, saying "I am the State"

Versailles

a royal French residence and seat of government established by king Louis XIV

Cardinal Richelieu

chief minister of France, appointed by Louis XIII in 1624, he devoted 18 years to strengthening the central government

What flourished under Louis XIV's rule

drama, painting and ballet

who did Louis XIV appoint and what did they do

middle-class intendants were appointed to carry out Louis XIV's policies and build the French army into the strongest force in Europe

Estates-General

the council made of representatives of all social classes

Fronde

the effort to take power away from the king, which happened to Louis XIV

What was Louis XIV's symbol of total power

the sun