frog dissection (amphibians)

ovaries

reproductive system; in females, produces eggs

testes

reproductive system; in males, produces sperm

class to which frogs belong

Amphibia

phylum to which frogs belong

Chordata

cloaca

common exit chamber of the digestive, excretory, and reproductive systems

stomach

digestive system; connects the esophagus to the small intestine; digestive juices go to work here

esophagus

digestive system; connects the mouth to the stomach

small intestine

digestive system; most digestion and absorption occurs here; connects the stomach to the large intestine; long tube

kidneys

excretory system; excrete urine after filtering toxins out of the blood

bladder

excretory system; stores urine until it passes out of the body through the cloaca

external fertilization

fertilization of the egg that occurs by sperm outside of the body

large intestine

indigestible food passes into the large intestine from the small intestine; water absorption occurs here

liver

makes bile, a digestive juice that helps break down fatty foods; also helps get rid of toxins in the body

glottis

opening in the mouth through which air enters the larynx, or voicebox

oviducts

reproductive system; tubes through which eggs pass outside of the body

lungs

respiratory system; hollow sacs with thin walls that fill up with air; oxygen and carbon dioxide gas exchange occurs here

nictitating membrane

transparent, third eyelid that frogs use to see under water

fat bodies

yellow, finger-like structures that provide energy (especially during reproduction), may also protect organs and keep organism warmer

characteristics of amphibians

3 chambered heart; moist skin; ectothermic; begin life in water and live on land as an adult; skeleton made of bone

heart

3-chambered structure that includes 2 atria and 1 ventricle; pumps blood throughout the body; circulatory system

gallbladder

a small round structure dorsal to the liver that stores bile and sends it to the small intestine