Functions of the Arteries and Veins

Circle of Willis

A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply blood to the brain

hepatic portal vein

A vein connecting the capillary bed of the intestines with the capillary bed of the liver. This allows amino acids and gluocse absorbed from the intestines to be delivered first to the liver for processing before being transported throughout the circulatory system.

inferior vena cava

A vein that is the largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from bodily parts below the diaphragm.

superior vena cava

A vein that is the second largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body.

gonadal vein

Blood returning from which of these veins would NOT first go through the hepatic portal system before returning to the inferior vena cava

Ascending Aorta

Branches off the left ventricle; carries oxygen rich blood to parts of the body above the heart

popliteal artery

Brings blood under knee

pulmonary veins

Deliver oxygen rich blood from the lungs to the left atrium

intercostal vein

Drains the rib interspaces

brachiocephalic vein

Either of the veins formed by the union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins above the heart. Carries deoxygenated blood to right atrium of heart through the anterior vena cava

Coronary Artery

Either of two arteries that arise one from the left and one from the right side of the aorta immediately above the semilunar valves and supply the tissues of the heart itself

Common Iliac Artery

Large two branches at the end of the abdominal aorta.

great saphenous vein

Longest vein in the body

Internal Iliac Artery

Main artery of pelvis

popliteal vein

Returns blood from the knee

Axillary Artery

Runs through the armpit area, giving off branches to the axillae, chest wall, and shoulder girdle.

Basilar Artery

Serves the brain stem and the cerebellum as it travels upward

femoral vein

Structure immediately medial to femoral artery in femoral sheath

Ulnar Artery

Supplies blood to the little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand

gonadal artery

Supplies blood to the male and female gonads

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

Supplies the distal areas of the large intestine.

Common Hepatic Artery

Supplies the duodenum, stomach and liver

posterior tibial artery

The artery just behind the medial malleolus; supplies blood to the foot.

Radial vein

The deep vein of the lateral side of the forearm.

external iliac vein

The femoral vein is located under the inguinal ligament and it become the _______ ____ ____ which drains into the Inferior Vena Cava.

Brachiocephalic Trunk

The first large artery arising from the aortic arch. It carries oxygenated blood to the neck, head, and right forelimb.

basilic vein

The large vein on the inner side of the bicep and is often chosen for tntravenous injections and blood drawing

Radial Artery

The major artery in the forearm; it is palpable at the wrist on the thumb side.

Brachial Artery

The major vessel in the upper extremity that supplies blood to the arm.

femoral artery

The principal artery of the thigh, a continuation of the external iliac artery. It supplies blood to the lower abdominal wall, external genitalia, and legs. It can be palpated in the groin area.

median cubital vein

The vein in the bend of the elbow that is commonly used as a site for venipuncture

hepatic vein

The vein that carries blood away (drains) from the liver.

External Carotid Artery

These arteries are the medial branches of common carotid arteries. They carry blood to the area around the masseter muscle and chin.

internal jugular vein

Vein located at the side of the neck to collect blood from the brain and parts of the face and neck.

anterior tibial vein

Venous return that drains the anterior side of the leg; unites with the popliteal vein

posterior tibial vein

Venous return that drains the back of the leg

anterior tibial artery

What artery turns into the dorsalis pedis when it crosses the extensor retinaculum?

Aortic Arch

a curved blood vessel from which arteries branch to the head and neck.

Celiac Trunk

an arterial trunk that has three major branches, which run to the liver, spleen, and stomach

dorsal pedis artery

artery supplying the foot, lateral to the large tendon of the big toe

external jugular vein

blood from the face and scalp is drained by the

renal vein

blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart

Renal Artery

blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

Pulmonary Trunk

carries blood from right ventricle to pulmonary arteries

Pulmonary Arteries

carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs

Superior mesenteric vein

drains entire small intestine and parts of colon and stomac

Azygos vein

drains the entire right half of posterior body wall

Subclavian Artery

either of the arteries that carry blood into the arms

subclavian vein

either of the two veins that returns blood from the arms to the heart

coronary sinus

enlarged vessel on the posterior aspect of the heart that empties blood into the right atrium

brachial vein

in the direction of the blood flow, this vessel runs deep on the medial side of the arm and receives blood from the radial and ulnar veins

small saphenous vein

joins the popliteal vein

Axillary vein

large vein transversing the axillary space of forearm

Ulnar vein

leads to brachial

superior sagittal sinus

lies along the superior margin of the flax cerebra and joins the transverse sinus, drains the deep and superior structures

Common Carotid Artery

located on each side of the neck

Abdominal Aorta

lower descending aorta, takes blood to lower trunk and legs

inferior mesenteric vein

major venous drainage from the large intestine beyond left colic flexure this normally empties into the splenic vein

Thoracic Aorta

part of the aorta the descends from the aortic arch through the thorax to the diaphragm

External Iliac Artery

passes the inguinal ligament to become the femoral artery

common iliac vein

receives blood from the internal and external iliac veins and returns blood to the inferior vena cava

internal iliac vein

single vein that travels with the iliac artery; drains the pelvis

splenic artery

supplies blood to the spleen

Internal Carotid Artery

supplies brain, eye, 80% of cerebrum

Superior Mesenteric Artery

supplies the intestine from the lower part of the duodenum through two-thirds of the transverse colon

Intercostal Artery

tiny branches of the thoracic aorta running parallel to each rib supplying blood to the intercostal muscles

Cephalic vein

vein on cranial aspect of the forearm; goes deep to brachiocephalicus and empties into the external jugular vein