Fund Exam Renal Question

Which laboratory result in a female client would cause a nurse to suspect kidney dysfunction? a. estimated GFR: 100 ml/min/1.73m b. Serum creatinine level: 1.1 mg/dL c. BUN: 20 mg/dL d. 24-hour creatinine clearance: 68 mL/min

24 hour creatinine clearance

Which client's results indicate kidney impairment? 1. Creatinine 0.1 BUN 16 2. Creatinine 0.8 BUN 18 3. Creatinine 1.2 BUN 20 4. Creatinine 1.9 BUN 22

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Which statement made by the client identifies a regulatory function of the kidney? a. Erythropoiesis b. Acid base balance c. Vitamin D activation d. Blood pressure control e. Fluid and electrolyte balance

Acid-base balance, fluid and electrolyte balance

Which hormone influences kidney function? a. Renin b. Bradykinin c. Aldosterone d. Erythropoietin

Aldosterone

Which complications would the nurse monitor a client hospitalized with end-stage kidney disease?

Anemia, dyspnea

Which action would the nurse take after identifying a client's urinary output is less than 40 mL/h over the past 3 hours? a. Assess breath sounds and obtain vital signs b. Decrease intravenous flow rate and increase oral fluid c. Insert an indwelling catheter to facilitate emptying of the bladder d. Check for dependent edema by assessing the lower extremities

Assess breath sound and obtain vital signs

Which intervention would the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient with end-stage renal disease who has a mature arteriovenous fistula? a. auscultate the fistula for presence of a bruit b. palpate the site to identify presence of a thrill c. Irrigate the fistula with saline to maintain patency d. Avoid drawing blood from the affected extremity e. Keep fistula clamped until ready to perform dialysis

Auscultate the fistula for presence of a bruit, palpate the site to identify presence of a thrill, avoid drawing blood from affected extremity

Which clinical indicator would the nurse expect for a client who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)? a. polyuria b. jaundice c. Azotemia d. Hypertension e. Polycythemia

Azotemia, hypertension

Which laboratory blood test result would the nurse report in a client with an infection who is receiving vancomycin? a. Hematocrit: 45% b. Calcium: 9.0 mg/dL c. White blood cell: 10,000 mm d. Blood urea nitrogen: 30 mg/dL

Blood urea nitrogen

Which process would the nurse consider when formulating a response to a client with acute kidney injury who states "Why am I experiencing twitching and tingling of my fingers and toes?"

Calcium depletion

Which condition can be prevented when a client with chronic kidney disease receives medication to manage anemia?

Chronic fatigue

Which disorder would the nurse suspect a client's urinary urea nitrogen level is 9g/24?

Client experiencing kidney damage

Which action is the function of ADH?

Decrease water loss in urine

Which disease increases the risk of hyperkalemia?

End-stage renal disease

Which condition would the nurse suspect when a client has BUN/Creatinine ratio of 3? a. Fluid volume excess b. Obstructive uropathy c. Severe hepatic damage d. Gastrointestinal bleed

Fluid volume excess

Which clinical manifestation indicates the need for immediate hemodialysis in a client with chronic kidney disease?

Hyperkalemia

Which assessment is necessary for the nurse to complete in a client with chronic kidney disease receiving loop diuretics?

Intake and Output measurement

Which fluid shift would the nurse anticipate when administering albumin IV?

Interstitial compartment to intravascular compartment

Where is the blood pressure cuff placed on a client with dialysis access fistula in the right arm? a. on the left arm b. over fistula c. below fistula d. above fistula

On the left arm

Which response would the nurse give to a client with an acute kidney injury who has peritoneal dialysis prescribed and asks why the procedure is necessary?

PD helps perform some of the work usually performed by your kidneys

Which substance is released in response to low serum levels of calcium?

Parathyroid hormone

Which assessment finding would the nurse expect in the client hospitalized with a diagnosis of severe chronic kidney disease? a. Polyuria b. Paresthesia c. Hypertension d. Metabolic Alkalosis e. widening pulse pressure

Parethesias, Hypertension

Which test result would the nurse anticipate in the laboratory report of a client with a diagnosis of end-stage renal disease? a. arterial pH of 7.5 b. Hematocrit of 54% c. Potassium of 6.3 mEq/L d. Creatinine of 1.2 mg/dL

Potassium

Which electrolyte, found on urinalysis, would alert nurse of possibility of kidney damage?

Protein

Which element would the nurse teach the client with chronic kidney disease to limit as an intervention to control uremia associated with end-stage renal disease? a. fluid b. protein c. sodium d. potassium

Protein

Which physiological factor help maintain BP in client with hypovolemia?

Release of aldosterone Activation of angiotensin II SNS activation

Which information in the response of a client receiving peritoneal dialysis indicates understanding of the purpose of the procedure?

Removing toxins and metabolic wastes

A post operative client has 180 mL of urine in the past 8 hours? Which condition would the nurse monitor?

Renal failure

Which rational supports the nurse's instruction that a client with chronic kidney disease is to avoid all salt substitutes?

Salt substitutes contain potassium, which must be limited to prevent abnormal heartbeats

Which laboratory tests provides evidence consistent with a client having renal impairment?

Serum creatinine 2.0 Serum potassium 5.9 BUN 32

The nurse would monitor a client who had 1500 mL of fluid removed during a paracentesis for which complication?

Tachycardia

For which potential complication would the nurse monitor a client receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for end-stage kidney disease? a. Pruritus b. Oliguria c. Tachycardia d. Cloudy outflow e. Abdominal pain

Tachycardia, cloudy outflow, abdominal pain

Which renal complication is likely to cause a client to experience anorexia, itching, nausea, vomiting, and muscle cramps?

Uremia

Which finding supports the nurse's conclusion that the client is at risk for kidney damage and the HCP need to increase IV fluid rate?

Urine output is 25 mL per hour

Which laboratory finding suggests mild kidney disease in a male client? a. Serum creatinine: 0.9mg/D=dL b. Urinary albumin: 24 mg/mmol c. BUN: 18 mg/dL d. BUN/Creatinine ratio: 23

urinary albumin

Which action would the nurse take before a client's scheduled hemodialysis treatment? a. obtain urine specimen to evaluate kidney function b. weigh the client to establish a baseline for later comparison c. administer medication that are scheduled to be given within the next hour d. explain that the peritoneum serves as a semipermeable membrane to remove wastes

weight the client to establish a baseline for later comparison