General Chemistry 160&162 Review Chapters 1-5

What is the pressure inside a 1.5-L container that is charged with 3.0 moles of a gas at 35.0 °C? 8.6 atm 5.7 atm 50.5 atm 75.9 atm 114 atm

50.5 atm

Calculate the root mean square velocity of nitrogen molecules at 20.0 °C. 1.60 m/s 2.27 m/s 16.2 m/s 133 m/s 511 m/s

511 m/s

When the following equation is balanced, what is the coefficient in front of H2O? ___ Ba(OH)2 + ___ H3PO4 → ___ H2O + ___ Ba3(PO4)2 *1 *2 *3 *4 *5 *6 *none of the above

6

Cyanogen (CN)2 has been observed in the atmosphere of Titan, Saturn's largest moon, and in the gases of interstellar nebulas. On Earth, it is used as a welding gas and a fumigant. In its reaction with fluorine, carbon tetrafluoride (CF4) and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) gases are produced: (CN)2 + 7 F2 → 2 CF4 + 2 NF3 What is the percent yield of the reaction if 45.0 g of CF4 are isolated from the reaction between 75.0 g each of (CN)2 and F2? 17.7% 1.25% 6.40% 90.7% 60.0%

90.7%

Which of the following could be both a molecular formula and an empirical formula? *C2H4O2 *H2O2 *O3 *HCN *B2H6

HCN

Which of the following atoms has the greatest number of protons? *12C *17N *16O *11B *There is not enough information given to determine the correct answer.

16O

Which of the following is the highest pressure? 0.750 atm 15.2 psi 28.7 in Hg 758 torr 98 kPa

15.2 psi

What is the formula mass of calcium nitrate, Ca(NO3)2? *102.1 *164.1 *204.2 *150.1 *none of the above

164.1

Which of the following has the largest number of significant figures? *21 *2.10 × 10^4 *0.000021 *200.1 *0.0020010

0.0020010

Aqueous solutions of sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3, are used as an antidote to some snakebites. How many moles of sodium ions are found in 10.0 mL of a 0.15 M solution of Na2S2O3? 0.0015 moles 0.15 moles 1.5 moles 0.030 moles 0.0030 moles

0.0030 moles

How many mL of bromine are required to deliver 0.25 g of bromine into a reaction? (dBr = 3.12 g/cm3) *8.0 mL *0.78 mL *0.080 mL *12 mL *None of the above is correct.

0.080 mL

A 2.50-L container contains a mixture of helium, nitrogen, and argon gas. The total pressure is 1.800 atm at 295 K. The partial pressure of helium is 0.650 atm, and the partial pressure of nitrogen is 0.350 atm. How many moles of argon gas are present in the mixture? 0.800 moles 0.074 moles 0.083 moles 0.186 moles 0.444 moles

0.083 moles

A 25.00-mL sample of H2SO4 solution of unknown concentration requires 28.27 mL of a 0.185 M KOH solution to complete the neutralization reaction. What is the concentration of the unknown H2SO4 solution? 0.209 M 0.105 M 0.0818 M 0.185 M 0.00523 M 0.00261 M

0.105 M

How many mL of 5.0 M nitric acid (HNO3) are required to make 1.00 L of a 0.00100 M solution of HNO3 (approximately the concentration of acid in acid rain)? 2.00 × 10^-4 mL 0.00500 mL 5.00 mL 0.200 mL none of the above

0.200 mL

A balloon is filled with 1.5 moles of helium at room temperature, 25 °C, and has a volume of 2.4 L. Calculate the volume of the balloon when it is placed into liquid nitrogen at -196 °C. Assume that the pressure remains constant. 18.8 L 13.9 L 9.3 L 0.31 L 0.62 L

0.62 L

The combustion of glucose yields carbon dioxide and water according to the following reaction: C6H12O6 (s) + 6 O2 (g) → 6 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O (l) Calculate the mass of H2O produced when 12.0 g of glucose is combusted in a container of oxygen with a volume of 1.3 L at a pressure of 2.2 atm and a temperature of 205 °C. 0.20 g 1.2 g 1.3 g 7.2 g 7.9 g

1.3 g

A container with a movable piston contains 2.0 moles of argon gas. When the volume of the container is 1.5 L, the pressure is 2.4 atm. Calculate the pressure of the container when the piston is raised to give a volume of 2.5 L. Assume the temperature remains constant. 1.4 atm 1.6 atm 2.8 atm 3.2 atm 4.0 atm

1.4 atm

In the reaction of calcium metal and water, 50.0 mL of hydrogen gas is collected over water at 25.0 °C with a total pressure of 752 mmHg. Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen gas that was produced. 1.96 × 10-3 2.02 × 10-3 1.96 1.49 1.49 × 103

1.96 × 10^-3

A 70.0-g iron nail combines with 30.0 g of oxygen to form rust. What is the total mass of the iron nail plus the rust that forms? *40.0 g *100.0 g *230.0 g *It depends on the type of rust that is formed. *There is not enough information to determine the total mass.

100.0 g

Calculate the molar mass for 2.50 g of an unknown gas in a 0.500-L container at a pressure of 735 mmHg and a temperature of 22 °C. 12.7 g/mol 60.5 g/mol 62.6 g/mol 121 g/mol 125 g/mol

125 g/mol

Phosphoric acid H3PO4 has many industrial uses and is often found in some cola drinks. If you had 25.0 mL of a 0.200 M solution of H3PO4, how many mL of a 0.400 M solution of Ba(OH)2 would be required to neutralize the acid? 25.0 mL 18.8 mL 8.33 mL 12.5 mL 75.0 mL

18.8 mL

When heated, potassium chlorate decomposes to potassium chloride and molecular oxygen: 2 KClO3 → 2 KCl + 3 O2 How much oxygen could be formed from 5.0 g of potassium chlorate? 28.7 g 0.061 g 2.0 g 1.3 g 0.98 g

2.0 g

If a match contained 1.00 g of P, how much P4O10 would form if the following equation was obeyed? ___ KClO3 + ___ P → 10 KCl + ___ P4O10 36.7 g 8.07 × 10-3 g 2.29 g 9.17 g

2.29 g

Zeatin, a plant hormone, is known to have 5 nitrogen atoms in every molecule. Nitrogen makes up 33.8% of the mass of the molecule. What is the mass of one molecule? *41.4 amu *23.7 amu *207 amu *70.0 amu

207 amu

When 1 mole of gas is placed under STP conditions, what is the volume? 0.000 L 1.00 L 24.5 L 22.4 L not enough information

22.4 L

Which is the longest distance? *2.50 meters *25.0 centimeters *250 decimeters *0.00250 kilometers *All are the same distance.

250 decimeters

How many significant figures should be reported for the following calculation: 5.2110 × 12.20 ÷ (11.44 - 2.113) *1 *2 *3 *4 *5

3

In order to make 1 s'more, you need 2 graham crackers, 1 piece of chocolate, and 1 marshmallow. How many s'mores can be made from the following ingredients? 7 graham crackers, 6 pieces of chocolate, and 5 marshmallows 3 5 6 3.5 None of the above is correct.

3

How many grams of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 contain 1.773 × 10^17 carbon atoms? *5.890 × 10^-7 *2.945 × 10^-7 *2.444 × 10^-5 *3.121 × 10^-5 *3.533 × 10^-6

3.121 × 10^-5

Calculate the density of argon gas at 22.5 °C and a pressure of 2.0 atm. 1.7 g/L 3.3 g/L 43 g/L 74 g/L 150 g/L

3.3 g/L

Which of the following represents the largest amount of Ag? *2.5 g Ag *3.3 × 10^-2 moles Ag *1.1 × 1022 atoms Ag *All of the above represent the same amount of Ag.

3.3 × 10^-2 moles Ag

Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), a common fertilizer, is 35.0% nitrogen by mass. How much ammonium nitrate contains 1.25 kg of nitrogen? *3.57 kg *437 g *15.61 kg *230 kg

3.57 kg

Calculate the mass of 4.50 × 10^25 O3 molecules. *74.7 g *1.20 × 103 g *3.59 × 103 g *224 g

3.59 × 10^3 g

Which of the following has the largest number of neutrons? *20Ne *35Cl *32S *19F *All have the same number of neutrons.

35Cl

Gold metal can be reduced from the compound gold sulfide by hydrogen gas according to the following balanced chemical equation: Au2S3 + 3 H2 → 3 H2S + 2 Au How many grams of Au can be produced from 500.20 g of Au2S3 and 5.67 g H2? 201.01 g 402.02 g 553.49 g 369.32 g none of the above

369.32 g

Which of the following is the highest temperature? *77 K *-321.07 °F *-196.15 °C *All are the same temperature.

All are the same temperature

Atoms *are submicroscopic particles that make up matter. *are often found in molecules. *determine the properties of matter. *All of the above are true. *None of the above is true.

All of the above are true

Which of the following statements are false *Scientists form hypotheses based on observations. *A good hypothesis is falsifiable. *Hypotheses are tested by experiment. *One or more hypotheses form the basis for a scientific theory. *All of the above are true.

All of the above are true

Which of the following has 10 electrons? *19F- *23Na+ *27Al3+ *16O2- *20Ne *All of the above have 10 electrons.

All of the above have 10 electrons.

In the gold foil experiment, *most alpha particles passed through with little or no deflection. *a few alpha particles were deflected, some through large angles. *Rutherford proved that the plum-pudding model was incorrect. *alpha particles were directed at a thin sheet of gold foil. *All of the above statements are true.

All of the above statements are true.

Which of the following names and formulas are NOT paired correctly? *sodium chloride, NaCl *lead(II) nitrite, Pb(NO2)2 *ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4 *copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate, CuSO4 ▪ 5 H2O *strontium chloride, SrCl2 *All of the above.

All of the above.

Which of the following statements is false? Ionic compounds always contain positive and negative ions. The formula for an ionic compound must be neutral. The formula for an ionic compound reflects the smallest whole-number ratio of ions. All statements are true. All statements are false.

All statements are true.

Which of the following statements is false? *Ionic compounds always contain positive and negative ions. *The formula for an ionic compound must be neutral. *The formula for an ionic compound reflects the smallest whole-number ratio of ions. *All statements are true. *All statements are false.

All statements are true.

Which of the following statements is false? *Cations are formed when neutral atoms lose electrons to become positively charged. *Anions are formed when neutral atoms lose electrons to become negatively charged. *Isotopes of gold atoms have the same number of protons. *Isotopes of gold atoms have the same number of electrons. *Most of an atom's volume is empty space.

Anions are formed when neutral atoms lose electrons to become negatively charged.

The gas law that states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its amount in moles under conditions of constant pressure and temperature is known as Boyle's law. Charles's law. Avogadro's law. the ideal gas law. Dalton's law.

Avogadro's law

Which of the following elements are classified as a metalloid? (Check all that apply.) *Be *B *C *Al *Si *P

B Si

Which of the following elements has properties most similar to Mg? *Na *Al *Cl *Be *Li

Be

Which of the following numbers are exact? *4 apples *1000 m = 1 km *4.2 m *both the first and second choices *both the first and third choices *both the second and third choices

Both the first and second choices

Oxidation is the loss of electrons. is the gain of electrons. can happen only in the presence of reduction. Both the first and second statements are correct. Both the first and third statements are correct.

Both the first and third statements are correct.

Which of the following is an organic compound? *CaCO3 *C4H8 *LiF *CaO

C4H8

Combustion analysis of 0.326 g of a compound known to contain only C, H, and O produces 0.7160 g CO2 and 0.3909 g H2O. A mass spectrum indicates that this compound has a formula mass of 120 g/mol. What is the molecular formula? *C4H8O4 *C3H8O *C3H4O *C6H16O2 *The molecular formula cannot be determined from the information given.

C6H16O2

The law of conservation of mass states: *In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed. *In a chemical reaction, energy is neither created nor destroyed. *All samples of a given compound have the same proportions of their constituent elements. *When two elements form two different compounds, the masses of the elements can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers. *All samples of a given compound have the same masses of their constituent elements.

In a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed.

Which of the following is true? *Systems with low potential energy tend to change in a direction of high potential energy by releasing energy into the surroundings. *Energy is seldom conserved in a physical or chemical change. *Potential energy cannot be destroyed; it can only be converted to thermal energy. *In any process, the total quantity of energy involved is constant. *Energy is the action of a force operating through a certain distance.

In any process, the total quantity of energy involved is constant.

Which of the following best defines kinetic energy? *Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. *Kinetic energy is the energy relative to position. *Kinetic energy is the energy available to do work. *Kinetic energy may be transformed into potential energy. *Kinetic energy is the energy associated with temperature.

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.

Which of the following would most likely form cations? (Check all that apply.) *Mg *Al *S *Cl *Ar

Mg Al

Hard water often contains dissolved [Mg]2+ ions. Some laundry detergents contain sodium phosphate to soften hard water and to control acidity, thus making the detergent more effective. What solid product forms when aqueous solutions of sodium phosphate and magnesium chloride are combined? NaCl Mg3[PO4]2 MgCl2 Na3PO4 Two solids form in this reaction. No solid forms in this reaction.

Mg3[PO4]2

Which of the following statements about an ideal gas is false? An ideal gas is a theoretical gas. In an ideal gas, the volume of the gas particles is insignificant compared to the volume of the container. The molecules of an ideal gas are considered to be point masses. Molecules in an ideal gas do not interact with each other. Molecules in an ideal gas have inelastic collisions.

Molecules in an ideal gas have inelastic collisions.

Which of the following statements about the nuclear theory of atoms is false? *Most of an atom's mass and all of its negative charge are contained in a small core called the nucleus. *Most of the volume of an atom is empty space, through which electrons are dispersed. *Atoms are electronically neutral. *All of the above statements are true. *All of the above statements are fals

Most of an atom's mass and all of its negative charge are contained in a small core called the nucleus.

A nitrogen oxide is 63.65% by mass nitrogen. The molecular formula could be: *NO *NO2 *N2O *N2O4 *either NO2 or N2O4

N2O

In which of the following does nitrogen have the largest positive value for its oxidation number? NO2 N2 NH3 N2O5

N2O5

Which of the following statements is true? *Atoms contain an equal number of protons and neutrons. *Protons, found in the nucleus of an atom, have no net charge. *Electrons, found outside the nucleus, have a positive charge. *Neutrons, found in the nucleus, have a neutral charge. *Protons, neutrons, and electrons all have similar masses.

Neutrons, found in the nucleus, have a neutral charge.

Which of the following is a molecular element? *Water *Iron *Nitrogen *NaCl *Potassium

Nitrogen

A 10.00-mL sample of a 0.130 M H3PO4 solution is added to 13.00 mL of a 0.150 M Ba(OH)2 solution. When the reaction is complete, what spectator ions are present? 2 H3PO4 (aq) + 3 Ba(OH)2 (aq) → Ba3(PO4)2 (s) + 6 H2O (l) [H]+ [PO4]3- [Ba]2+ [OH]- All of the above ions are present. No spectator ions are present.

No spectator ions are present.

Determine the identity of an unknown gas that effuses at a rate 1.48 times as fast as chlorine gas. N2 O2 Ar CO2 CO

O2

What is the oxidizing agent in the following reaction? 3 PbO (s) + 2 NH3 (aq) → N2 (g) + 3 H2O (l) + 3 Pb (s) PbO NH3 N2 H2O Pb This is not a redox reaction.

PbO

Which of the following compounds is insoluble in water? NH4NO3 Fe(C2H3O2)3 CuCl2 PbSO4 All are soluble in water.

PbSO4

Who is given credit for determining the charge of an electron? *J. J. Thomson *Robert Millikan *Henri Becquerel *Marie Curie *Ernest Rutherford

Robert Millikan

Which of the following is NOT a molecular compound? *CO2 *H2O *S8 *C3H8 *All of the above are examples of molecular compounds.

S8

Which of the following is a Homogeneous Mixture? *Italian dressing (typically a mixture of oil and vinegar) *wet sand *salt water *a chocolate chip cookie *Helium

Salt Water

Which of the following would most likely form an anion with a 2- charge? *K *Ca *Sc *Se *Br *Kr

Se

A student made the following measurements in lab. Which of the following can be said for certain? Trial 1 2.125 g Trial 2 2.123 g Trial 3 2.127 g *The measurements are accurate. *The measurements are precise. *The measurements are both accurate and precise. *The measurements are neither accurate nor precise.

The measurements are precise.

2.0 g of hydrogen combine with 16 g of oxygen to form water and 2.0 g of hydrogen combine with 32 g of oxygen to form hydrogen peroxide. Which of the following is an expression of the law of multiple proportions? *The ratio of 2.0 g of hydrogen to 16 g of oxygen simplifies to 8. *The ratio of 2.0 g of hydrogen to 32 g of oxygen simplifies to 16. *If 4 g of hydrogen had been used to form water, 32 g of oxygen would be needed. *The ratio of (32/2)/(16/2) = 2 *In this example, the law of multiple proportions is not obeyed.

The ratio of (32/2)/(16/2) = 2

Open Hint for Question 13 in a new window Which of the following is an example of an extensive property? *Density *Color *Melting point *Volume *Temperature

Volume

Which of the following is a Pure Substance? *Air *Water *Coffee *Both air and water are examples of pure substances. *Both air and coffee are examples of pure substances. *Both water and coffee are examples of pure substances.

Water

The following data were collected when analyzing a compound used in dentistry to cement repaired teeth: 50.82% Zn; 16.04% P; 33.14% O What is the empirical formula of the compound? *Zn3PO2 *Zn16P5O10 *Zn6P2O4 *Zn3P2O8 *Zn5P16O33

Zn3P2O8

What is the net ionic equation for the reaction between aqueous solutions of Li2CO3 and CaCl2? [Ca]2+ (aq) + [CO3]2- (aq) → CaCO3 (s) 2[Li]+ (aq) + [CO3]2- (aq) → Li2CO3 (s) 2 [Li]+ (aq) + 2 [Cl]- (aq) → 2 LiCl (aq) [Li]+ (aq) + [Cl]- (aq) → LiCl (aq) Li2CO3 (aq) + CaCl2 (aq) → 2 LiCl (aq) + CaCO3 (s)

[Ca]2+ (aq) + [CO3]2- (aq) → CaCO3 (s)

In the Solid State, *atoms or molecules have a lot of space between them. *atoms or molecules are able to move freely, making them compressible. *atoms or molecules pack closely but move freely. *atoms or molecules pack closely in fixed locations. *matter has a fixed volume but not a fixed shape.

atoms or molecules pack closely in fixed locations.

Covalent compounds *typically consist of a metal and a nonmetal attracted to each other by electrostatic forces. *typically consist of a metal and a nonmetal held together by shared electrons. *form when two nonmetals share electrons upon forming a chemical bond. *form when two metals share electrons

form when two nonmetals share electrons upon forming a chemical bond.

Isotopes of a given atom *have a different number of protons and electrons. *all have the same mass and properties. *have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. *are usually man-made and never occur naturally. *all have a natural abundance equal to 100%.

have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons.

Under which of the following conditions is a gas least likely to be ideal? high pressure, low temperature low pressure, high temperature high pressure, high temperature low pressure, low temperature

high pressure, low temperature

Which of the following is a binary acid? *sulfuric acid *nitric acid *phosphorous acid *phosphoric acid *hydrochloric acid

hydrochloric acid

Which of the following names and formulas are NOT paired correctly? *nitrogen oxide, NO *nitrogen triiodide, NI3 *dichlorine monoxide, Cl2O *xenon tetrafluoride, XeF4 *disulfur pentafluoride, S2F5

nitrogen oxide, NO

An aqueous solution of which of the following would conduct electricity? sugar (C12H22O11) salt (NaCl) argon (Ar) ethanol (C2H6O) none of the above

salt (NaCl)

In the oil drop experiment, *all the drops had a charge equal to -1.60 × 10-19 C. *all the drops were assumed to have adsorbed the same number of electrons. *since each drop likely adsorbed a different number of electrons, the charge on each drop had to be a multiple of the electron's charge. *some of the drops contained fractions of electrons. *drops of oil were passed through a very thin film of gold atoms and their behavior was observed.

since each drop likely adsorbed a different number of electrons, the charge on each drop had to be a multiple of the electron's charge.

Which of the following is an ionic compound? *chlorine, Cl2 *carbon dioxide, CO2 *phosphorus, P4 *sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), NaHCO3 *water, H2O *None of the above is an example of ionic compounds.

sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), NaHCO3

Which of the following is an example of a Physical Property? *water boiling *the density of solid gold *sugar dissolving *Flammability *All of the above are examples of chemical properties.

the density of solid gold

Which of the following is a chemical change? *water boiling *ice melting *wood burning *dry-ice subliming *All of the above are examples of physical changes.

wood burning