Genetics 1st Quarter Exam

In polygenic inheritance, traits are determined by: A. Two dominant alleles B. One gene being masked by another C. The interaction of multiple genes D. A coin flip

The interaction of multiple genes

Why are men more likely to be affected by recessive disorder that is an X-linked trait? A. Because men recieve more X chromosomes than women B. Because women can't receive an X chromosome C. Because men only have one x chromosome D. Because X never marks the spot

Because men only have one x chromosome

Which hair color would most likely result from the production of pheomelanin? A. Dark brown B. Black C. Blonde D. Pink

Blonde

What hair color might result when the MC1R gene is NOT activated? A. No hair B. Brown hair C. Blonde hair D. Ryan Mcelveen's luscious locks

Blonde hair

What would be the possible eye color of a child with two light blue eyed parents A. Blue eyes, as they are recessive B. Green eyes, as they are even more recessive than blue eyes C. Dark brown eyes, as they are the most common D. Purple eyes, as that would be amazing

Blue eyes, as they are recessive

What effect would having melanocytes that produce little or no melanin in the eye have on eye color? A. Heterozygous eyes B. Blue or green eye color C. Black or brown eye color D. Jeans

Blue or green eye color

What determines human height? A. Genetics B. Environmental factors C. Both a and b D. Santa

Both a and b

What is the most common eye color seen in the world? A. Blue B. Green C. Brown D. Turner's Syndrome

Brown

The image to the right that depicts a cross between white (WW) and brown(BB) cows and their roan (RW) offspring. What type of inheritance is this an example of? A. Incomplete dominance B. Codominance C. Pad Thai D. X linked traits

Codominance

What type of melanin does this person have more of? *Picture of an African American Man* a.Eumelanin b.Pheomelanin c.Melanosomes d.Black melanin

Eumelanin

Which pigment determines how dark your hair is? A. Keratin B. Eumelanin C. Pheomelanin D. Chlorophyll

Eumelanin

Which pigment of melanin determines brown hair color? A. Eumelanin B. Pheomelanin C. Recessive trait D. Toenail

Eumelanin

In the following list, which would affect height? A. Shortness B. Hemophilia C. MC1R D. FGFR3 gene

FGFR3 gene

How many melanocytes are present to produce this eye color? A. An insanely large number of melanocytes B. An average amount of melanocytes C. Few melanocytes D. Melanocytes have nothing to do with eyes

Few Melanocytes

What controls what how traits are expressed? A. Heredity B. Karyotype C. Gene D. Brain

Gene

What chromosome are the genes that control eye color found on? A. X chromosome B. Genes are not found on chromosomes C. Chromosome 15 D. Y chromosome

Genes are not found on chromosomes

Which one of the patients below is more likely to need more anesthetic during their surgery? A. Ginger Hair Woman B. The First Man C. The Guy with the sunglasses D. Mrs.Jameyson

Ginger Hair Woman

What is ONE of the genes that are involved in the production of eye color? A. Eye genes B. Melanin C. Chromosome 15 D. HERC2

HERC2

What two genes specifically determine eye color? Select the two that apply. A. HERC2 B. HERCOCA2 C. OCA2 D. H20

HERC2, OCA2

What is an example of a polygenic trait? A. Weight B. Waffles C. Speed D. Height

Height

Which of the following is determined by polygenic inheritance? A. Eyelashes B. Height C. The weather D. Ability to roll tongue

Height

Why do people who live further from the equator have lighter skin tones than people that live closer to the equator? A. People living closer to the equator produce more melanin than people who live further from the equator B. People who live farther from the equator drink more milk than those who live closer to the equator C. There are fewer trees closer to the equator and there is less shade as a result to protect people from the sun. D. People further from the equator produce more melanin than people who live closer to the equator

People living closer to the equator produce more melanin than people who live further from the equator

Which pigment results in a red or orange hair color A. pheomelanin B. eumelanin C. keratocytes D. ferret drip

Phenomelanin

Polygenic traits have many possible _____ that are determined by interactions among several alleles. A. Alleles B. Genotypes C. Fossil Fuels D. Phenotypes

Phenotypes

Why are red-heads more likely to get skin cancer? A. They produce eumelanin so they're skin is not naturally protected from the sun B. They carry the x linked trait for skin cancer C. Because the red in their hair attracts the sun D. Because the MC1R triggers pigment production in red-heads

They produce eumelanin so they're skin is not naturally protected from the sun

A mother that is heterozygous type A blood and a father that has homozygous B blood have a child (pictured above), what is a possible phenotype of the offspring? A. Type B B. Type O C. Type A D. Type Z

Type B

Which blood type is a universal donor and which is a universal receiver? A. Type D+ and Type C+ B. Type O- and Type AB+ C. Type O+ and Type AB- D. Type O- and Type B+

Type O- and Type AB+

Which blood type is a universal receiver A. O- B. AB+ C. OC- D. B+

AB+

What percent chance that a man with Blood type B and a woman with Blood type AB produce a child with type O blood? A. 60% B. 25% C. 75% D. 0%

0%

What is the genotypic ratio there was a cross between Ww and Ww? A. 2:1:2 B. 1-(877) Cars for Kids C. 1:2:1 D. 1:1:3

1:2:1

What is the genotypic ratio of this Punnett Square? *Parent 1: PP, Parent 2: Pp A. 1:2:1 B. 4:2:0 C. 2:2:0 D. 2:4

2:2:0

What is the function of the epidermal layer of skin? A. Insulates the body B. A protective layer of skin that shields the body from outside debris and radiation C. Indicates hair and eye color D. Indicates favorite food

A protective layer of skin that shields the body from outside debris and radiation

What does having more melanosomes in your eyes lead to? A. Lighter colored eyes B. Hybrid colored eyes C. B R U H M O M E N T D. Darker colored eyes

Darker colored eyes

Which of the following does not influence height? A. Environmental factors B. Genetic factors C. Biological factors D. Education

Education

The greater the production of these pigments will result in a darker hair color A. Pheomelanin B. Eumelanin C. The mitochondria D. The color of your dog's fur

Eumelanin

What is an example of mutation in human eye color? A. Brown eyes B. Albinism C. Heterochromia D. Cross-eyed

Heterochromia

What disorder is seen in the picture to the right if one eye is blue and the other is brown ? A. Homozygous eyes B. Heterochromia Idris C. Hybrid eyes D. Eyebrows

Heterochromia Idris

What is the name of the colored portion of skin. A. Hyperdermis B. Fat C. Hypodermis D. All skin is skin - so it's just skin

Hypodermis

What gene makes hair begin to appear gray with age? A. ACDC gene B. A fairy shows up in the night while you're sleeping and starts dyeing strands of hair gray to prank you. C. TP53 gene D. IRF4 gene

IRF4 gene

In the picture of these real life twins, which statement is TRUE? *Picture of an African American girl with dark skin and brown hair next to her twin that has light skin and red hair* A. In twin A, the MC1R gene is NOT activated B. In twin B, the MC1R gene is activated C. In twin A. the MC1R gene is activated D. Twin B is a ghost

In twin A. the MC1R gene is activated

The image on the right shows a cross between a red and a yellow flower. The offspring produced is orange. What type of inheritance is the image illustrating? Parents: A^RA^R and A^YA^Y Offspring: A^RA^Y A. Incomplete Dominance B. Codominance C. Genetic D. Orange Flower

Incomplete Dominance

What is it called when the dominant allele does not completely mask the effects of the recessive allele, resulting in a blend of both alleles? A. Water bottle B. Codominance C. Mendelian Traits D. Incomplete dominance

Incomplete dominance

Why is sun tanning bad for you? A. The sun is mean and will start insulting you if you stay outside for too long. B. It leads to your DNA developing kinks in it, which can lead to mutations in the DNA and increase the risk for skin cancer to develop. C. It leads to your skin having more melanin, and having more melanin makes you predisposed to skin cancer. D. Too much exposure to the sun causes the dermis layer of the skin, and only the dermis layer, to break down, and because of this the human body becomes less protected from the sun in the future.

It leads to your DNA developing kinks in it, which can lead to mutations in the DNA and increase the risk for skin cancer to develop.

What is Hair made up of? A. Pyrimidine Dimers B. Facultative strands C. Keratin D. Don Hernán Cortés

Keratin

What is the primary structural protein in hair? A. Melanin B. Kerosene C. Keratin D. Eumelanin

Keratin

Traits separate randomly in gamete formation it is called A. disestablishmentarianism B. Law of independent assortment C. Law of segregation D. Hereditary

Law of segregation

Which of the two have more eumelanin in their hair? *man on the left has brown hair and the girl on the right has blonde hair* A. Right B. Left C. Both D. The Cameraman

Left

What gene controls hair color? A. ABCD B. MC1R C. TP53 D. Jeans

MC1R

What gene is associated with skin color? A. Chromosome 4 B. MCR1 C. MC1R D, Blue genes

MC1R

What gene plays the biggest role in determining hair color? A. OCA2 B. MC1R C. Z3 D. M4G3H4V7

MC1R

What pigment is eye color determined by? A. Carotenoids B. Keratin C. Melanin D. Chlorophyll

Melanin

What is this specialized skin cell that produces the protective skin-darkening pigment melanin? A. Allele B. Cheese C. Melanocyte D. Eumelanin

Melanocyte

Melanin is found in A. Princeton B. The liver C. Melanocytes D. Keratinocytes

Melanocytes

What organelle gives human hair its pigment? A. Connective Cells B. Melanosomes C. Eucaryotes D. Jail Cells

Melanosomes

A camellia flower comes in three forms. White, red, or white and red. Which of the following is the correct phenotypic and genotypic ratio when two heterozygous flowers cross? *Parent 1: RW, parent 2: RW* A. Phenotypic ratio: 1:2:1, Genotypic ratio: 1:2:1 B. Phenotypic ratio: 3:0:1, Genotypic ratio: 1:0:3 C. Phenotypic ratio: 2:1:1, Genotypic ratio: 1:2:2 D. Phenotypic ratio: 0, Genotypic ratio: 22

Phenotypic ratio: 1:2:1, Genotypic ratio: 1:2:1

What are the two primary types of melanin ? A. Pheomelanin and eumelanin B. MC15 and MC1V C. Melons and melodies D. Mom and dad

Pheomelanin and eumelanin

What do melanocytes do? A. Make UV radiation B. Produce melanin giving the skin color C. Give kids sun damage D. The stanky leg

Produce Melanin giving the skin color

One way that UVB radiation can be harmful is by causing: A. Hair loss B. Cavities C. Brain Damage because the heat can kill brain cells D. Skin Cancer as it can damage the DNA double helix

Skin Cancer as it can damage the DNA double helix

What does the bell curve show about height? A. Everyone is 4'10" B. The average height is about 5'5" C. There are a lot of tall people in the world D. 5'10" people are too tall

The average height is about 5'5"

The phenotypic ratio is... A. The comparison of inherited alleles in a genetic cross B. A double helix C. The comparison of visible traits in a genetic cross D. +1 (203)-954-7370

The comparison of visible traits in a genetic cross

How are eye colors inherited and what determines the color? A. From eye drops and choosing the color B. The storage of pigment called melanin and genes are passed from parents containing dominant and recessive alleles C. UVB exposure D. Recessive traits only and growth when your a baby

The storage of pigment called melanin and genes are passed from parents containing dominant and recessive alleles

The following Punnett Square shows genotypes from calico cats, with black fur (B) being dominant over orange fur (b) *Parent 1: X^b Y, Parent 2: X^B X^b What type of dominance is shown in the following punnett square? A. Mendelian B. X-Linked C. ᑌᓪ ᐃᓐ ᐁᕐ D. Incomplete

X-Linked

Production of this pigment determines hair color A. serotonin B. keratin C. melanin D. The Holiday Inn

melanin

A mother with a homozygous straight thumb (dominant) and a father with a homozygous hitchhiker's thumb (recessive) have 4 children. How many will have a hitchhiker's thumb. A.4 B. 1 C. 2 D. 1 milion

none