geo practice test

Pangaea

About 200-300 million years ago, all of the Earth's continents were combined into one supercontinent called::

Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum

About 40 million years ago, the MECO occurred. What was this?

Harsh and scathing hostility

Alfred Wegener's theory of plate tectonics was met by his cohorts with:

It swells significantly when wetted

Bentonite is a clay mineral derived from the weathering of volcanic ash. What is the geological hazard associated with bentonite?

Fossils

Carbon films and molds are types of what

means very little consequence

De minimus ?

dry ravel

Downhill movement of soil, organic material, and rocks in response to gravity after a wildfire is called:

Anthropocene

Due to extinctions and other changes caused by man many geologists advocate that the current epoch of geological time be renamed what?

evaporation plus transpiration is collectively referred to this

EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

rocks

Elements are to minerals as minerals are to:

Areas susceptible to natural hazards are much more developed and populated than in the past

Hazardous events that long ago produced disasters are now causing catastrophes. The main cause is:

Metamorphism

Heating (but not melting) and pressurizing a sedimentary rock to the degree that it changes into a different kind of rock is called

Change is the only constant".

Heraclitus, a Greek philosopher and pioneer of wisdom of the late 6th century BC, said:

Far away from plate boundaries and randomly spaced over the globe

Hot spots are found predominantly where in relation to tectonic plate boundaries?

Geothermal Energy

If you were to drill down many feet what would you assume the temperature would be?

tectonic uplift

In one of your the assigned videos, there were 4 conditions discussed for the formation of fossil fuels. Which of the following was NOT one of these conditions?

Seafloor spreading and mid-ocean ridge volcanism

Magnetism in ocean floor rocks (i.e., polar striping) is related to which of the following?

a. Flooding b. Mass movements (landslides) c. Earthquakes d. Karst e. None of the above (they all are risks to Chattanooga) E

Of the following natural hazards, which does not pose a significant risk to the Chattanooga area?

. Buffon's balls b. John Joly's ocean saltiness work c. Radiometric dating d. Cuvier's fossils e. All of the above answer, E

Of the following, which contributed to the developing knowledge about the age of the earth?

The golden ratio

One of our Rocks of the Day (ooooh) was an ammonite, a fossilized sea creature similar to today's nautilus shell. One of the interesting features of the ammonite was a Fibonacci Sequence, which is related to what?

. Prevent drunkenness

One of our rocks of the day was the February birthstone, amethyst. In ancient Greece, this mineral was thought to:

the most common way a fossil forms!

PERMINERILAZTION,

4.3 billion years old

The oldest rocks on earth are found in Australia and are about how old?

Global tectonics

The prehistoric reptile, Mesosaurus is particularly compelling evidence for:

Talc and diamond

The softest and the hardest minerals, respectively, on Moh's Scale of Hardness are

over 3 billion years old

The water you drink from your tap or water bottle is probably about how old?

Evapotranspiration

Transpiration and evaporation are two important processes in the hydrologic cycle. Collectively these two processes are referred to as:

Cenozoic Era

We live in which geologic era?

cave country

What does karst related to?

you use oxygen

What happens when you decompose?

Livestock farts

Which of the following possibly contributes significantly to anthropogenic releases of the greenhouse gas methane to the atmosphere?

Brodie <3

Who is one of your best professors ever?

Earths internal heat flow

black smokers are evidence for:

rock mined when mining for uranium of radioactive

carnotite

the size of things

dimensional

proposes that organisms interact w their inorganic surroundings on earth to form a self-regulating, complex system that contributes to maintaining the conditions for life on the planet (homeostasis)

gaia hypothesis ?

very old... haha jk it is 4.57 billion years old aka 4.6

how old is the earth?

place of storage , where you can find a lot of fossils

lagerstatten

the sun

largest source of external energy?

radiation

largest source of internal energy?

solid rock sphere that is all of the crust and the upper part of the mantle

lithosphere?

micro- atomic reactions crystal growth microbes macro- volcanos , tsunami , floods

micro scales? macro scales ? what are these..... explain

expansive soil

most expensive geological hazard?

1000

one inch of top soil may require how many years to form?

clay silt sand gravel

order of rocks sizes , smallest to largest?

25 inches thick in Chattanooga deposited in deep anoxic marine basins

shell ( rock of the dAY)

"plants sweating"

transpiration

earths magnetic field

what are northern lights due to?

1. fossil power plants 2. nuclear power plants 3. hydrofracing

what are ways electricity are made?

evaporation of a brine

what do evaporites form from?

a saint circular oceanic surface current

what is a gyre?

moderate

what is are seismic risk in Tennessee

Pacific Ocean garbage pack

what is associated with ocean jiara

famous female mammoth

what is buttercup?

quartz

what is the most common mineral on the continent

geology

what is the root of everything?

meteorite impact

what killed Dino 66 billion years ago?

sediment rocks

where are fossils found

at the bottom lol

where are old rocks???

Hawaii

where is the largest mountain on Earth found?

ignous rock

. A rock that has been melted and lithified is termed:

Evaporites

. Gypsum and halite (rock salt) are formed by the evaporation of sea water. These sedimentary rocks are called:

Earthquakes b. Surface water contamination c. Groundwater contamination d. Air pollution (e. All of the above)

. Hydrofracking has been implicated in which of the following environmental impacts (we discussed this several times via articles discussions)?

It stretched from my podium to the doors in the back of the auditorium

. In class, I depicted geological time using a string. This string was about how long?

1.5 degrees F

. Lord Kelvin used the geothermal gradient, the rate at which the Earth's temperature increases with depth, to calculate the age of the earth. Which of the following is a typical geothermal gradient away from tectonic boundaries in terms of degrees F per hundred feet?

It is an early photosynthetic organism that contributed to oxygenating our atmosphere

. One of our "Rocks of the Day" was an ancient (> 1 billion years old) fossil of single-cell organisms called stromatolite. The significance of this "living fossil" is:

Global tectonics

. The location, intensity, and frequency of many geological hazards such as volcanoes and earthquakes can be explained at least partially by:

. Lithosphere

. What "floats" over the hot, ductile plastic zone known as the asthenosphere ("weak sphere") and contains the earth's crust?

Subduction zones

2. Of all the plate boundary types listed below, the most destructive volcanoes occur, in general, where?

Earthquakes in Japan in March and New Zealand in February

2011 was the costliest year for natural disasters. The primary reason was:

over population

23. According to the article "The Rising Costs of Natural Disasters", the main cause of these cost increases is:

Fossil - fired power plants

33. The largest U.S. source of carbon dioxide pollution produces 2.5 billion tons every year from:

divergent

42. The world's longest continuous mountain chains are associated with which type of plate boundary?

the sun

47. Which of the following is not a major source of earth's internal heating?

Hydraulic fracturing for natural gas

Recently, as discussed in many articles on articles day, swarms of earthquakes in Oklahoma and Ohio were allegedly caused by what?

The Law of original Horizontality

Sedimentary rocks are deposited in the environment in horizontal layers. This geologic "law" is called:

About the rate of growth of your fingernails

Tectonic plates move yearly about how much on average?

Scientists see an opposite effect associated with climate modeling (shows warming) versus proxy data (shows global cooling) over the past 7000-10,000 years

The Holocene Temperature Conundrum is related to what?

Climate change has happened in the past and will occur in the future

The Principle of Uniformitarianism implies that:

transform

The San Andreas Fault is an example of what kind of fault?

Ice

The cryosphere is that part of the earth that contains:

Homeostasis

The earth's atmosphere contains about 21% oxygen, a concentration that remains constant. Which of the following processes is responsible for maintaining characteristics such as atmospheric oxygen concentrations?