GEO -Quiz 1-3 Answers:
what are the four most abundant gasses in earths atmosphere
nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide,
mineral precipitation is primarily driven by the following:
pressure change, temperature change, composition change
the particle in the nucleus with a positive charge is
proton
oceanic crust is thinnest at
spreading ridges
The lithosphere includes:
the crust and the uppermost mantle
What does the concept of uniformitarianism state?
The present is the key to the past
The two broad categories of igneous rocks are:
Volcanic and Plutonic
In science, a theory is a guess based on observations
False
Continental crust is broadly made of the rock ___ while oceanic crust is largely made of the rock ___.
Granite, Baslat
What is the term for the equilibrium that exists between parts of the earth's crust, which behaves as if it consists of blocks floating on the underlaying mantle?
Isostasy
What does the principle of Original Horizontally state?
Most sediment is deposited in horizontal layers
Put the 5 elements of the scientific method in order:
Observation, Hypothesis, Test, Gather data, Formulate a theory, reevaluate old ideas
the most abundant element in earth's crust is a
Oxygen
the name of the most recent supercontinent, which existed about 250 million years ago
Pangea
An unconformity is where two rock strata of different ages come into contact
True
the Hawaiian islands are a result of:
a hot spot
The mesozoic era started about (a) million years ago, the Paleozoic era started about (b) million years ago
a: 250, b: 540
a rock is
an arrangement of minerals, either sedimentary, igneous, or metamorphic , held together by cement, solid
what happens when a threshold point is passed
change becomes more rapid
the strongest type of molecular bond is
covalent
the crystal habit of the mineral habit is
cubic
which of the following is NOT a class of sedimentary rock
mafic
what evidence do we have that the earths continents were once joined
distinctive rock assemblage in multiple continents , mountain belts that cross oceans, non-swimming animal fossils on different continents, Geologic data that shows that non-warm places were once by the poles, sea floor spreading and continental drift imply that continents would run into each other at some point
The geosphere includes the worlds oceans
false
quartz and calcite are polymorphs
false
the Himalayas are the product of a divergent tectonic boundary
false
tectonic plates move at the speed of
fingernail growth
what are the properties if an extrusive igneous rock
formed from lava, has relatively small crystals, cooled rapidly
which of the following is NOT a cause of rock melting in the earth
increased pressure
which is NOT a property of a mineral
isotopically stable