Geography Quiz - New Zealand & Australia-map

People of New Zealand

*A.* 4.1 million people *B.* 86% of population is urban *C.* Per capita GNP- approximately $25,000 (2014) *D.* 85% of population is of European descent, mostly British stock *E.* The largest group of non-British stocks are Maoris- the indigenous inhabitants of New Zealand at the time of European arrival. *F.* The Maoris are brown-skinned Polynesian people, whose skilled navigator ancestors spread from South Asia throughout much of the Pacific centuries ago.

Urban Structure of New Zealand

*A.* Auckland - about 380,000 people *B.* Wellington- the capital; about 200,000 people *C.* Christchurch & Dunedin- about 100,000 people

New Zealand's Primary Export Industries

*A.* Meat and wool *B.* Wool is the leading source of foreign income *C.* Butter and Cheese *D.* Lamb-a young sheep less than one year old. *E.* Mutton-the flesh of a mature sheep.

Tourism & Beauty of New Zealand

*A.* Natural areas *B.* Hiking trails *C.* Fishing and skiing *D.* Quality of life

Political Economy of New Zealand

*A.* Redistributive welfare state- highly taxed, gov. control of transportation, free college and health care *B.* For a non-socialist economy, New Zealand has an unusual degree of state ownership and control. *C.* 90% of exports earnings come from primary goods, mostly agriculture. *D.* Less than 10% of work force in primary production- agriculture, mining, fishing, and forestry. *E.* Energy consumption is low- lack of heavy industry.

Physical Environments of New Zealand

*A.* Small size- 103,736 square miles. About the size of Colorado *B.* Remote location *C.* North Island, South Island, and Stewart Island. *D.* 1,000 miles long and 280 miles wide. *E.* Very mountainous- 10,000 feet North Island and over 12,000 feet South Island *F.* Fiords- formed by glaciers (on South Island) *G.* 34-47 degrees South Latitude *H.* Maritime influence *I.* Sources of power generation- Geothermal power and hydroelectric power.

*AUSTRALIA*

*AUSTRALIA*

Australasia consists of...

Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, Australia, and New Zealand

Antipodes

Any two places that are directly opposite each other on the earth's surface.

Fiords

As glaciers "dig" a trench out to sea, the glacier melts back causing the sea water to enter creating estuaries.

Climates of Australia

Australia has a variety of climactic types dominated by desert conditions in approximately 70% of the continent.

How did New Zealand achieve her unique prosperity?

Efficient agriculture through livestock, especially sheep. For example, there are 64 million sheep in New Zealand compared to 4.1 million people. Wool is the leading export of foreign income.

Surrounding water bodies

Indian Ocean, Timor Sea, Gulf of Carpentaria, Coral Sea (Great Barrier Reef), Tasman Sea, Southern Ocean, Great Australian Bight.

What kind of resources endowment underlies the country's comparative advantage in the world economic system?

New Zealand has a lot of natural resources. It provides large amounts of timber to the Asian rim. New Zealand's access by water creates cheap water transportation.