GEOL 1420 Final Exam
How many satellites does mercury have
0
number of satellites on venus
0
Diameter of the moon
0.27 or 3480
how many solar days on mercury are in a mercurian year
0.5
Mass of moon relative to the earth
1/81
About how many craters are there on venus
1000
How long is earth's precession in years
26000
How many satellites on uranus
27
Density of the moon
3.34
Density of mars
3.94
Distance of the moon from earth
384000
The moon's orbital plane is inclined about __ degrees from earth's orbital plane
5
Density of venus
5.24
Density of mercury
5.4
How many moons on saturn
62
How many satellites on jupiter
67
Sidereal revolution of mercury in days
88
Which space program successfully landed humans on the Moon
Apollo
Who hypothesized relative distances and sizes of earth, sun and moon, and that the earth goes around the sun?
Aristarchus
First lander and rover on the moon
Chang'e
Lunar impact that picked up a water signature
LCROSS
What spacecraft orbited venus
Magellan
Slowing of solar wind
bow shock
Largest impact crater on mercury
caloris basin
What is solar wind
charged particles
Primary impact craters are what shape
circular
A solid body in space made of ice, rock, dust and frozen gases is called a
comet
Most of the mass on mercury occurs in the
core
Unique volcanic structure on venus
coronae
The oldest part of mercury's crust is in the ____ _____
cratered terrain
What moon of mars represents fright
deimos
Motion in fluid outer core is called
dynamo
Secondary impact craters are what shape
ellipitcal
What period did the hellas basin form
nochian
Biggest satelite on saturn
titan
When is the date of Earth's aphelion
July 4
Which landing site has a ray from the copernicus crater
Oceanus procellarum
Largest volcano on mars
Olympus Mons
Position of planets by Copernicus: Planet - Earth - Sun
Opposition
Meteorite with 95% abundance
Stony
Meteorite with 1% abundance
Stony Iron
First spacecraft to land on mercury
Venera
Name of the probe/landers to mercury by the soviets
Venera
What venusian surface has fracture belts, troughs, rifts and tensional forces
midlands
What kind of impact crater is filled by basalt lavas
multi ring
Lower than normal tides are called
neap tides
At sunset a new moon occurs __ __ _____ ______
on the western horizon
What moon of mars represents fear
phobos
Intense bombardment on the moon occurred during the
pre-nectarian
Which earth motion takes the longest time
precession
Lunar Surface: surface covering sediment
regolith
Relatively loose, unconsolidated fragments of rock, crystals and glass that vary in size from large boulders to fine powder
regolith
Which motion accounts for orbital motions?
retrograde
Why do rings consist of particles
roche limit
Charged particles from solar wind are stored in
van allen belts
How many earth days is one venus solar day
117
How many humans have walked on the moon
12
How many satellites on neptune
14
How many moons does mars have
2
At what point is earth's orbit farthest from the sun
Aphelion
Charged particles excite gas molecules to higher energy levels and release light
Aurora Borealis
Who made precise systematic measurements?
Brahe
Who said that earth is at the centre and not rotating?
Brahe
The sun is directly overhead the equator at a _______
Equinox
What planet has the most circular path
Venus
At what solstice is the Sun directly overhead the Tropic of Capricorn
Winter
Magnetic field flow lines from
south to north
Impact craters on mars are concentrated in what hemisphere
southern
Higher than normal tides are called
spring tides
What kind of tide do we get when the sun and moon are aligned?
spring tides
Chondrules only occur in what type of meteorite
stony
Liquids/gases on Jovian Satellites
sulfur
Oldest particles in the solar system are thought to be
CAIs
Second Law of physics
F=ma
Mars' core made up of _ _ _
Fe S O
Which landing site has ejecta from the mare imbrium basin
Fra Mauro Highlands
Spacecraft involved in multi-spectral mapping of jupiter
Galileo
An ______ eclipse occurs at apogee
annular
What kind of eclipse do we get when the moon's umbra does not reach the earth's surface?
annular
The point in the orbit of the moon or a satellite at which it is furthest from the earth
apogee
What spacecraft does lagrangian points, solar wind and magnetosphere interactions on the moon
artemis
A large meteroid is called a
asteroid
Heliocentric or the copernican system says that the sun is
at the center of the solar system
Name a venusian midland
atla regio
What are the two equinox's
autumnal and vernal
The maria represent low areas on the moon filled with layers of
basalt
What moon on saturn supplies ice particles
encaladus
current geologic activity of mars is ________
eolian
A meteor brighter than Venus, or brighter than the 3rd brightest thing in the sky is called a
fireball
Biggest satellite on jupiter
ganymede
Name of satellite that got the most pictures of mars
global surveyor
What are the twin satellites that do gravity field mapping on the moon
grail
What are clouds in the venusian atmosphere made up of
h2so4
Largest basin on mars
hellas basin
Compared to today, sea level throughout most of the Phanerozoic eon was
higher
Lunar Surface: highly irregular light areas
highlands
Most of the moon's surface is classified as _______
highlands
Name of the cycle in which CO2 condenses on mars
hydrologic
All outcores of jovian planets are made up of (except for jupiter)
ice
Great red spot is located on what planet
jupiter
The line of _____ refers to when the sun, moon, and earth are completely aligned
line of nodes
Sharp, linear depressions on the moon are called
linear rilles
Saturn and Jupiter's inner mantle are made up of
liquid metallic hydrogen
Outer mantle of jovian planets are made up of
liquid molecular hydrogen
Most of the surface of venus occurs in the
lowlands
What venusian surface is most flat
lowlands
What venusian surface is similar to the earth's sea floor
lowlands
Moon: Name of soviet's landers/probes
luna
Largest volcano on venus
maat mons
Pressure balance boundary is called
magnetopause
Once charged particles from the solar wind reach the bowshock they enter the
magnetosheath
Time interval to make one rotation with respect to a particular star is called a _______ day
sidereal
Inner core of jovian planets are made up of
silicate rocks and metals
The only type of impact crater that doesn't have a central peak is called a
simple crater
lava channels or tubes at the edges of maria and on flat floors of mare-filled craters
sinuous rilles
The time interval from one noon to the next is called a _____ day
solar
When earth passes through the moon's umbra we get a
solar eclipse
Most abundant gas in the venusian atmosphere
CO2
Most abundant gas on mars
CO2
Most dense planet in the solar system
Earth
We get an equal day and a equal night at a ______
Equinox
Position of planets by Copernicus: When we have a hypotenuse formed from the earth to the sun
Greatest elongation
Who said that Earth rotates
Heracleides
Extensive maria formation occurred during the
Imbrian
Position of planets by Copernicus: Earth - Planet - Sun
Inferior conjunction
Meteorite with 4% abundance
Iron
The core of the moon is ___ rich
Iron
What type of meteorite has widmanstatten patterns
Iron
Moon: America's first attempt probe name
Pioneer
When is the date of Earth's perihelion
January 3
Fastest rotating planet
Jupiter
Who said that each planet's orbit around the sun is elliptical, with the sun at one focus?
Kepler
A body remains at rest or moves in a straight line at constant speed unless acted upon by a net outside force
Law of inertia
Apollo 11 landed in
Mare tranquilitatus
Lunar Surface: relatively flat dark areas
Maria
Most landing sites on the moon were on the ______
Maria
The first spacecraft to encounter or flyby mars is
Mariner
What planet has the greatest surface temperature
Mercury
At what point is earth's orbit closest to the sun
Perihelion
What system says that earth is at the centre of the universe?
Ptolemaic
Who hypothesized that earth is a sphere
Pythagoras
First image of the moon
Ranger
What orbiter sent back the most amount of data
Reconnaissance
Least dense planet (0.7)
Saturn
At what solstice is the sun is directly overhead the Tropic of Cancer
Summer
Position of planets by Copernicus: Earth - Sun - Planet
Superior conjunction
Moon: America's landers are called
Surveyor
What instrument did Galileo use to find evidence to support the Copernican system?
Telescope
Who made the first known model of universe
Thales
At what solstice do we get a short day and a long night
Winter solstice
Highest point reached by a celestial object is called a
Zenith
Reflected sunlight by a space object is called a
albedo
On the moon, the crust is thicker under the ______
highlands
Large dark areas on the moon that are volcanic in origin
maria
Explosive eruptions on the moon are called ___ ___ ______
maria fire fountains
Which spacecraft was the first to reach mercury
mariner
First successful landing on mars
mars
Second most dense planet in the solar system
mercury
What planet is locked in a 3:2 spin orbit
mercury
Which planet has the largest core radius
mercury
A small body of matter from outerspace that enters the earth's atmosphere is called a
meteor
Remains of meteroids on Earth are called
meteorites
Small, solid particles in space are called
meteroid
What gas absorbs red colours to give the blue colour on uranus and neptune
methane
What venusian surface has common volcanic activity
midlands
What kind of tide do we get when the sun and moon are not aligned?
neap tides
Great dark spot is located on what planet (is now gone)
neptune
When earth passes through the moon's penumbra we get a
partial solar eclipse
A partial shadow made by a celestial object is called the
penumbra
The point in the orbit of the moon or a satellite at which it is closest from the earth
perigree
What material on the highlands of the moon is Ca rich
plagioclase
What is the name of the north star used that could be used for navigational aids
polaris
Where does CO2 condense on mars
poles
Gravitational tidal force from planet = attractive gravitational force betwen particles is called
roche limit
What gases on jupiter and saturn are responsible for the colours
sulfur and phosphorus
A complete shadow made by a celestial object is called the
umbra
Total lunar eclipses occur when the Moon passes through the Earth's
umbra
Slowest rotating planet in the solar system
venus
First US landers on mars
viking
East side of moon is decreasingly illuminated
waning
Mars is the god of
war
West side of moon is increasingly illuminated
waxing
