GEOL 1420 Final Exam

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How many satellites does mercury have

0

number of satellites on venus

0

Diameter of the moon

0.27 or 3480

how many solar days on mercury are in a mercurian year

0.5

Mass of moon relative to the earth

1/81

About how many craters are there on venus

1000

How long is earth's precession in years

26000

How many satellites on uranus

27

Density of the moon

3.34

Density of mars

3.94

Distance of the moon from earth

384000

The moon's orbital plane is inclined about __ degrees from earth's orbital plane

5

Density of venus

5.24

Density of mercury

5.4

How many moons on saturn

62

How many satellites on jupiter

67

Sidereal revolution of mercury in days

88

Which space program successfully landed humans on the Moon

Apollo

Who hypothesized relative distances and sizes of earth, sun and moon, and that the earth goes around the sun?

Aristarchus

First lander and rover on the moon

Chang'e

Lunar impact that picked up a water signature

LCROSS

What spacecraft orbited venus

Magellan

Slowing of solar wind

bow shock

Largest impact crater on mercury

caloris basin

What is solar wind

charged particles

Primary impact craters are what shape

circular

A solid body in space made of ice, rock, dust and frozen gases is called a

comet

Most of the mass on mercury occurs in the

core

Unique volcanic structure on venus

coronae

The oldest part of mercury's crust is in the ____ _____

cratered terrain

What moon of mars represents fright

deimos

Motion in fluid outer core is called

dynamo

Secondary impact craters are what shape

ellipitcal

What period did the hellas basin form

nochian

Biggest satelite on saturn

titan

When is the date of Earth's aphelion

July 4

Which landing site has a ray from the copernicus crater

Oceanus procellarum

Largest volcano on mars

Olympus Mons

Position of planets by Copernicus: Planet - Earth - Sun

Opposition

Meteorite with 95% abundance

Stony

Meteorite with 1% abundance

Stony Iron

First spacecraft to land on mercury

Venera

Name of the probe/landers to mercury by the soviets

Venera

What venusian surface has fracture belts, troughs, rifts and tensional forces

midlands

What kind of impact crater is filled by basalt lavas

multi ring

Lower than normal tides are called

neap tides

At sunset a new moon occurs __ __ _____ ______

on the western horizon

What moon of mars represents fear

phobos

Intense bombardment on the moon occurred during the

pre-nectarian

Which earth motion takes the longest time

precession

Lunar Surface: surface covering sediment

regolith

Relatively loose, unconsolidated fragments of rock, crystals and glass that vary in size from large boulders to fine powder

regolith

Which motion accounts for orbital motions?

retrograde

Why do rings consist of particles

roche limit

Charged particles from solar wind are stored in

van allen belts

How many earth days is one venus solar day

117

How many humans have walked on the moon

12

How many satellites on neptune

14

How many moons does mars have

2

At what point is earth's orbit farthest from the sun

Aphelion

Charged particles excite gas molecules to higher energy levels and release light

Aurora Borealis

Who made precise systematic measurements?

Brahe

Who said that earth is at the centre and not rotating?

Brahe

The sun is directly overhead the equator at a _______

Equinox

What planet has the most circular path

Venus

At what solstice is the Sun directly overhead the Tropic of Capricorn

Winter

Magnetic field flow lines from

south to north

Impact craters on mars are concentrated in what hemisphere

southern

Higher than normal tides are called

spring tides

What kind of tide do we get when the sun and moon are aligned?

spring tides

Chondrules only occur in what type of meteorite

stony

Liquids/gases on Jovian Satellites

sulfur

Oldest particles in the solar system are thought to be

CAIs

Second Law of physics

F=ma

Mars' core made up of _ _ _

Fe S O

Which landing site has ejecta from the mare imbrium basin

Fra Mauro Highlands

Spacecraft involved in multi-spectral mapping of jupiter

Galileo

An ______ eclipse occurs at apogee

annular

What kind of eclipse do we get when the moon's umbra does not reach the earth's surface?

annular

The point in the orbit of the moon or a satellite at which it is furthest from the earth

apogee

What spacecraft does lagrangian points, solar wind and magnetosphere interactions on the moon

artemis

A large meteroid is called a

asteroid

Heliocentric or the copernican system says that the sun is

at the center of the solar system

Name a venusian midland

atla regio

What are the two equinox's

autumnal and vernal

The maria represent low areas on the moon filled with layers of

basalt

What moon on saturn supplies ice particles

encaladus

current geologic activity of mars is ________

eolian

A meteor brighter than Venus, or brighter than the 3rd brightest thing in the sky is called a

fireball

Biggest satellite on jupiter

ganymede

Name of satellite that got the most pictures of mars

global surveyor

What are the twin satellites that do gravity field mapping on the moon

grail

What are clouds in the venusian atmosphere made up of

h2so4

Largest basin on mars

hellas basin

Compared to today, sea level throughout most of the Phanerozoic eon was

higher

Lunar Surface: highly irregular light areas

highlands

Most of the moon's surface is classified as _______

highlands

Name of the cycle in which CO2 condenses on mars

hydrologic

All outcores of jovian planets are made up of (except for jupiter)

ice

Great red spot is located on what planet

jupiter

The line of _____ refers to when the sun, moon, and earth are completely aligned

line of nodes

Sharp, linear depressions on the moon are called

linear rilles

Saturn and Jupiter's inner mantle are made up of

liquid metallic hydrogen

Outer mantle of jovian planets are made up of

liquid molecular hydrogen

Most of the surface of venus occurs in the

lowlands

What venusian surface is most flat

lowlands

What venusian surface is similar to the earth's sea floor

lowlands

Moon: Name of soviet's landers/probes

luna

Largest volcano on venus

maat mons

Pressure balance boundary is called

magnetopause

Once charged particles from the solar wind reach the bowshock they enter the

magnetosheath

Time interval to make one rotation with respect to a particular star is called a _______ day

sidereal

Inner core of jovian planets are made up of

silicate rocks and metals

The only type of impact crater that doesn't have a central peak is called a

simple crater

lava channels or tubes at the edges of maria and on flat floors of mare-filled craters

sinuous rilles

The time interval from one noon to the next is called a _____ day

solar

When earth passes through the moon's umbra we get a

solar eclipse

Most abundant gas in the venusian atmosphere

CO2

Most abundant gas on mars

CO2

Most dense planet in the solar system

Earth

We get an equal day and a equal night at a ______

Equinox

Position of planets by Copernicus: When we have a hypotenuse formed from the earth to the sun

Greatest elongation

Who said that Earth rotates

Heracleides

Extensive maria formation occurred during the

Imbrian

Position of planets by Copernicus: Earth - Planet - Sun

Inferior conjunction

Meteorite with 4% abundance

Iron

The core of the moon is ___ rich

Iron

What type of meteorite has widmanstatten patterns

Iron

Moon: America's first attempt probe name

Pioneer

When is the date of Earth's perihelion

January 3

Fastest rotating planet

Jupiter

Who said that each planet's orbit around the sun is elliptical, with the sun at one focus?

Kepler

A body remains at rest or moves in a straight line at constant speed unless acted upon by a net outside force

Law of inertia

Apollo 11 landed in

Mare tranquilitatus

Lunar Surface: relatively flat dark areas

Maria

Most landing sites on the moon were on the ______

Maria

The first spacecraft to encounter or flyby mars is

Mariner

What planet has the greatest surface temperature

Mercury

At what point is earth's orbit closest to the sun

Perihelion

What system says that earth is at the centre of the universe?

Ptolemaic

Who hypothesized that earth is a sphere

Pythagoras

First image of the moon

Ranger

What orbiter sent back the most amount of data

Reconnaissance

Least dense planet (0.7)

Saturn

At what solstice is the sun is directly overhead the Tropic of Cancer

Summer

Position of planets by Copernicus: Earth - Sun - Planet

Superior conjunction

Moon: America's landers are called

Surveyor

What instrument did Galileo use to find evidence to support the Copernican system?

Telescope

Who made the first known model of universe

Thales

At what solstice do we get a short day and a long night

Winter solstice

Highest point reached by a celestial object is called a

Zenith

Reflected sunlight by a space object is called a

albedo

On the moon, the crust is thicker under the ______

highlands

Large dark areas on the moon that are volcanic in origin

maria

Explosive eruptions on the moon are called ___ ___ ______

maria fire fountains

Which spacecraft was the first to reach mercury

mariner

First successful landing on mars

mars

Second most dense planet in the solar system

mercury

What planet is locked in a 3:2 spin orbit

mercury

Which planet has the largest core radius

mercury

A small body of matter from outerspace that enters the earth's atmosphere is called a

meteor

Remains of meteroids on Earth are called

meteorites

Small, solid particles in space are called

meteroid

What gas absorbs red colours to give the blue colour on uranus and neptune

methane

What venusian surface has common volcanic activity

midlands

What kind of tide do we get when the sun and moon are not aligned?

neap tides

Great dark spot is located on what planet (is now gone)

neptune

When earth passes through the moon's penumbra we get a

partial solar eclipse

A partial shadow made by a celestial object is called the

penumbra

The point in the orbit of the moon or a satellite at which it is closest from the earth

perigree

What material on the highlands of the moon is Ca rich

plagioclase

What is the name of the north star used that could be used for navigational aids

polaris

Where does CO2 condense on mars

poles

Gravitational tidal force from planet = attractive gravitational force betwen particles is called

roche limit

What gases on jupiter and saturn are responsible for the colours

sulfur and phosphorus

A complete shadow made by a celestial object is called the

umbra

Total lunar eclipses occur when the Moon passes through the Earth's

umbra

Slowest rotating planet in the solar system

venus

First US landers on mars

viking

East side of moon is decreasingly illuminated

waning

Mars is the god of

war

West side of moon is increasingly illuminated

waxing


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