Geology 1 - Unit 2: Earth's Interior

Which type of meteorite most closely resembles basalt, which makes up a large proportion of the Earth's crust?

Achondrites

Which of the following word associations is TRUE?

Asthenosphere --- plastic behavior

Plate tectonics is driven by convection in this layer:

Asthenosphere.

The Earth's oceanic crust is primarily composed of this rock type:

Basalt

Which type of meteorite is silicate-rich; contains water-bearing minerals, organic compounds, and amino acids?

Carbonaceous Chondrites

Which type of crust is older?

Continental

Seismic wave velocity increases faster in which type of rock?

Denser rock.

The boundary between two dissimilar materials is called a:

Discontinuity

The upper mantle includes rocks of this type, dominated by magnesium and iron silicates such as olivine and pyroxene.

Peridotite

The iron-rich composition of the core is based on evidence from:

Presence of magnetic field. Compostition of meteorites. Seismic wave data. Density data.

Which of the following is NOT a method used to indirectly determine what the Earth is like?

Sensors placed within the Earth's core.

What sort of material is the mantle?

Solid that flows.

What are chondrules?

Solidified droplets of molten early solar system material.

The Mohorovicic Discontinuity is the boundary between:

The mantle and the crust

Which type of crust is thicker?

continental

The interior of the Earth consists of several distinct layers. The solid, iron-rich innermost zone is called the:

Inner core

According to the dominant scientific hypothesis, the dense core of the Earth consists primarily of:

Iron and Nickel

Which meteorites have criss-crossing crystal of iron-rich and nickel-rich material?

Irons

What is the name given to the outermost 100 km of the Earth that includes the crust and upper mantle?

Lithosphere

The Earth's crust is primarily composed of silicate-rich rocks. What are the two most common elements in the crust?

O and Si