geology test quiz 3

In the diagram below, the contact between C and E is a(n)

disconformity.

Periods of geologic time lasted for

tens of millions of years

For the illustration below, which decay sequence represents beta decay?

2

The most ancient rock body on Earth has a radiometric age of _____

4.0 billion years.

For the illustration below, what would be the change in atomic number from parent element to daughter element as a result of beta decay?

+1

For the illustration below, what would be the change in atomic mass from parent element to daughter element as a result of alpha emission?

- 4

For the illustration below, what would be the change in atomic number from parent element to daughter element as a result of alpha emission?

-2

For the illustration below, which decay sequence represents alpha decay?

1

The oldest radiometric date reported for an individual mineral grain from a sedimentary rock is approximately _____.

4.4 billion years

Our best estimate for the age of the Earth is _____.

4.56 billion years

In the block diagram shown below, deformation of the stratigraphic sequence labeled 1

All of the above are true statements.

For the block diagram below, which of the following statements is(are) true?

Both B and C are true statements.

The geologic era in which animals with hard shells first developed is the

Paleozoic.

For the stratigraphic section of the Grand Canyon depicted in the photograph below, which rock unit is older?

Tapeats Sandstone

For the illustration below, what would be the change in atomic mass from parent element to daughter element as a result of beta decay?

There will be no change in atomic mass.

For the block diagram below, what type of unconformity is labeled as 2?

angular unconformity

The contact beneath the Tapeats Sandstone and the underlying Grand Canyon Supergroup is an example of a(n)

angular unconformity.

In the figure below, deposition of unit 4 occurred

between 34 million and 20 million years ago.

In the block diagram below, the contacts between layers in the tilted stratigraphic sequence labeled 1, are examples of

conformable depositional contacts.

For the block diagram below, what type of unconformity is labeled as 3?

disconformity

In the block diagram below, the contact between rock unit 4 and the underlying rock unit 3 is an example of a(n)

disconformity.

In the stratigraphic sequence of the Grand Canyon, depicted below, the contact between the Muav Limestone and the overlying Redwall Limestone spans two missing periods of geologic time. The contact between these two sttratigrpahic units represents a(n)

disconformity.

For the block diagram below, what type of unconformity is labeled as 1?

nonconformity

In the block diagram below, the contact between rock unit 4 and the underlying intrusion B is an example of a(n)

nonconformity.

When we see sedimentary rock units that are twisted or tilted, we know that some force must have disturbed the strata after they were deposited. The principle upon which we base this inference is the principle of _____.

original horizontality.

Based on the block diagram below, the igneous intrusion labeled B is younger than Unit 2. What stratigraphic principle allowed you to determine this observation?

principle of cross-cutting relationships

For the block diagram below, what stratigraphic principle allowed you to determine the relative age of the intrusion and the stratigraphic sequence labeled 1?

principle of cross-cutting relationships

If you see a vertical magmatic intrusion embedded in horizontal layers of sedimentary rocks, which principle will help you determine the relative age of the intrusion?

principle of cross-cutting relationships

What is the principle that helps geologists determine the age of rocks that are separated by distance?

principle of lateral continuity

What principle would allow you to determine the relative ages of different parts of the stratigraphy of this section of the Grand Canyon?

principle of superposition

The principle of stratigraphic superposition tells us that _____.

the oldest rock strata in any undisturbed sedimentary sequence are on the bottom, and the youngest are on the top.