GI Quiz 2

A client is diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which statement indicates effective client teaching about hiatal hernia and its treatment? a) "I'll lie down immediately after a meal." b) "I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber." c) "I'll eat three large meals every day without any food restrictions." d) "I'll gradually increase the amount of heavy lifting I do."

"I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber."

A client realizes that regular use of laxatives has greatly improved his bowel pattern. However, the nurse cautions this client against the prolonged use of laxatives for which reason? a) The client may develop inflammatory bowel disease. b) The client may develop arthritis or arthralgia. c) The client's natural bowel function may become sluggish. d) The client may lose his appetite.

The client's natural bowel function may become sluggish.

Which of the following is a true statement regarding regional enteritis (Crohn's disease)? a) The clusters of ulcers take on a cobblestone appearance. b) The lesions are in continuous contact with one another. c) It has a progressive disease pattern. d) It is characterized by lower left quadrant abdominal pain.

The clusters of ulcers take on a cobblestone appearance.

A client, who has occasional gastric symptoms, is receiving teaching on how to prevent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Which statement indicates the client understands the teaching? a) "Eating two large meals a day, instead of three." b) "Sleeping flat without pillows is beneficial." c) "Taking a nap after meals, when possible." d) "Eliminating bothersome foods will help."

"Eliminating bothersome foods will help."

The nurse is conducting a health instruction program on oral cancer. The nurse determines that the participants understand the instructions when they say which of the following? a) "A typical lesion is soft and craterlike." b) "Blood testing is used to diagnose oral cancer." c) "Many oral cancers produce no symptoms in the early stages." d) "Most oral cancers are painful at the outset."

"Many oral cancers produce no symptoms in the early stages."

The nurse is assessing a patient with an ulcer for signs and symptoms of hemorrhage. The nurse interprets which of the following as a sign/symptom of possible hemorrhage? a) Hematemesis b) Bradycardia c) Polyuria d) Hypertension

Hematemesis

Diet therapy for patients diagnosed with IBS include which of the following? a) Fluids with meals b) Spicy foods c) High-fiber diet d) Caffeinated products

High-fiber diet

Which of the following terms describes a gastric secretion that combines with vitamin B12 so that it can be absorbed? a) Pepsin b) Trypsin c) Amylase d) Intrinsic factor

Intrinsic factor

While palpating a client's right upper quadrant (RUQ), the nurse would expect to find which structure? a) Appendix b) Liver c) Spleen d) Sigmoid colon

Liver

After teaching a group of students about irritable bowel syndrome and antidiarrheal agents, the instructor determines that the teaching was effective when the students identify which of the following as an example of an opiate-related antidiarrheal agent? a) Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) b) Kaolin and pectin (Kaopectate) c) Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) d) Loperamide (Imodium)

Loperamide (Imodium)

If a client has abdominal surgery and a portion of the small intestine is removed, the client is at risk for which of the following? a) Cirrhosis b) Constipation c) Malabsorption syndrome d) Gastric ulcers

Malabsorption syndrome

Which of the following is considered a bulk-forming laxative? a) Milk of Magnesia b) Dulcolax c) Metamucil d) Mineral oil

Metamucil

A nursing educator is reviewing the care of patients with feeding tubes and endotracheal tubes (ET). The educator has emphasized the need to check for tube placement in the stomach as well as residual volume. What is the main purpose of this nursing action? a) Prevent gastric ulcers b) Prevent abdominal distention c) Prevent aspiration d) Prevent diarrhea

Prevent aspiration

A client with complaints of right lower quadrant pain is admitted to the emergency department. Blood specimens are drawn and sent to the laboratory. Which laboratory finding should be reported to the physician immediately? a) Serum sodium 135 mEq/L b) Serum potassium 4.2 mEq/L c) Hematocrit 42% d) White blood cell (WBC) count 22.8/mm3

White blood cell (WBC) count 22.8/mm3

A nurse is caring for a client who underwent a subtotal gastrectomy. To manage dumping syndrome, the nurse should advise the client to: a) restrict fluid intake to 1 qt (1,000 ml)/day. b) drink liquids only between meals. c) don't drink liquids 2 hours before meals. d) drink liquids only with meals.

drink liquids only between meals.

A nurse is providing follow-up teaching at a clinic visit for a client recovering from gastric resection. The client reports sweating, diarrhea, nausea, palpitations, and the desire to lie down 15 to 30 minutes after meals. The nurse suspects the client has: a) peritonitis. b) a normal reaction to surgery. c) dumping syndrome. d) dehiscence of the surgical wound.

dumping syndrome.

Choice Multiple question - Select all answer choices that apply. A nursing student is caring for a client with gastritis. Which of the following would the student recognize as a common cause of gastritis? Choose all that apply. a) DASH diet b) Overuse of aspirin c) Participation in highly competitive sports d) Ingestion of strong acids e) Irritating foods

• Ingestion of strong acids • Overuse of aspirin • Irritating foods

A nurse is teaching an elderly client about good bowel habits. Which statement by the client indicates to the nurse that additional teaching is required? a) "I need to drink 2 to 3 liters of fluids every day." b) "I should exercise four times per week." c) "I should eat a fiber-rich diet with raw, leafy vegetables, unpeeled fruit, and whole grain bread." d) "I need to use laxatives regularly to prevent constipation."

"I need to use laxatives regularly to prevent constipation."

Which of the following is considered a stimulant laxative? a) Mineral oil b) Magnesium hydroxide (milk of Magnesia) c) Bisacodyl (Dulcolax) d) Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid (Metamucil)

Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)

A patient informs the nurse that he has been having abdominal pain that is relieved when having a bowel movement. The patient states that the physician told him he has irritable bowel syndrome. What does the nurse recognize as characteristic of this disorder? a) Blood and mucus in the stool b) Weight loss due to malabsorption c) Client is awakened from sleep due to abdominal pain. d) Chronic constipation with sporadic bouts of diarrhea

Chronic constipation with sporadic bouts of diarrhea

Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding cancer of the esophagus? a) It is seen more frequently in Caucasian Americans than in African Americans. b) It usually occurs in the fourth decade of life. c) It is three times more common in women in the U.S. than men. d) Chronic irritation of the esophagus is a known risk factor.

Chronic irritation of the esophagus is a known risk factor

A client is complaining of problems with constipation. What dietary suggestion can the nurse inform the client may help facilitate the passage of stool? a) Increase dietary fiber. b) Increase dietary fat consumption. c) Increase the carbohydrate content of the diet. d) Increase dietary protein such as lean meats.

Increase dietary fiber.

A group of students are studying for an examination on the gastrointestinal (GI) system and are reviewing the structures of the esophagus and stomach. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as the opening between the stomach and duodenum? a) Pyloric sphincter b) Hypoharyngeal sphincter c) Ileocecal valve d) Cardiac sphincter

Pyloric sphincter

Which client requires immediate nursing intervention? The client who: a) complains of anorexia and periumbilical pain. b) complains of epigastric pain after eating. c) presents with a rigid, boardlike abdomen. d) presents with ribbonlike stools.

presents with a rigid, boardlike abdomen.

Which of the following is a true statement regarding gastric cancer? a) Most patients are asymptomatic during the early stage of the disease. b) Most cases are discovered prior to metastasis. c) The prognosis for gastric cancer is good. d) Women have a higher incidence of gastric cancer.

Most patients are asymptomatic during the early stage of the disease.

A client has a radical neck dissection to treat cancer of the neck. The nurse develops the care plan and includes all the following diagnoses. The nurse identifies the highest priority diagnosis as a) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements, related to treatment b) Risk for infection related to surgical intervention c) Ineffective airway clearance related to obstruction by mucus d) Impaired tissue integrity related to surgical intervention

Ineffective airway clearance related to obstruction by mucus

A client has noticed increased incidence of constipation since he broke his ankle and cannot complete his daily three-mile walk. As his home care nurse, you complete your assessment and discuss the potential causes. During your client education session, what do you explain as the mechanical cause of his constipation? a) No known cause b) Stool remaining in the large intestine too long. c) Drinking excessive water d) Ingesting excessive fiber

Stool remaining in the large intestine too long.

Which of the following assessment findings would be most important for indicating dumping syndrome in a postgastrectomy client? a) Abdominal distention, elevated temperature, weakness before eating b) Constipation, rectal bleeding following bowel movements c) Weakness, diaphoresis, diarrhea 90 minutes after eating d) Persistent loose stools, chills, hiccups after eating

Weakness, diaphoresis, diarrhea 90 minutes after eating

The nurse is checking the residual content for a client who is receiving intermittent feedings. Which residual content, if obtained, would lead the nurse to delay the feeding? a) 120 mL b) 30 mL c) 60 mL d) 90 mL

120 mL

A nurse is caring for a client immediately following an appendectomy. The nurse should assign which nursing diagnosis the highest priority? a) Risk for constipation b) Acute pain c) Excess fluid volume d) Deficient knowledge (postoperative care)

Acute pain

Mr. Munster, a client in the primary care office where you work, reports having increased incidence of constipation. You complete your assessment and discuss the potential causes with Mr. Munster. What can cause constipation? a) Inactivity b) Emotional stress c) Insufficient fiber d) All options are correct.

All options are correct.

A client with anorexia complains of constipation. Which of the following nursing measures would be most effective in helping the client reduce constipation? a) Provide adequate quantity of food. b) Obtain complete food history. c) Obtain medical and allergy history. d) Assist client to increase dietary fiber.

Assist client to increase dietary fiber.

A client with Crohn's disease is to receive prednisone as part of the treatment plan. Which of the following instructions would be appropriate? a) "Once your symptoms improve, you can stop taking the drug." b) "Make sure to increase your salt intake to compensate for the loss of fluid." c) "Avoid contact with other people who might have an infection." d) "Take the drug on an empty stomach to avoid upsetting your stomach."

Avoid contact with other people who might have an infection."

A patient with a peptic ulcer disease has had metronidazole (Flagyl) added to his current medication regimen. What health education related to this medication should the nurse provide? a) Take at bedtime to mitigate the effects of drowsiness. b) Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the drug. c) Take up to one extra dose per day if stomach pain persists. d) Take the medication on an empty stomach.

Avoid drinking alcohol while taking the drug.

A client with a feeding tube is to receive medication. The medication supplied is an enteric-coated tablet. Which of the following would be most appropriate? a) Give the tablet as is in its original state. b) Check with the pharmacist to see of a liquid form is available. c) Sprinkle the contents of the opened tablet into the tube. d) Dissolve the tablet in water after crushing it.

Check with the pharmacist to see of a liquid form is available.

Brock Nichols, a four-year-old preschooler, is being seen in the ED where you practice nursing. His mother reports that Brock has been vomiting for three days and is unable to "keep anything down". What poses the greatest danger to Brock? a) Anorexia b) Choking on increased salivation c) Dehydration d) Nausea

Dehydration

The nurse is preparing to administer all of a patient's medications via feeding tube. The nurse consults the pharmacist and/or physician when the nurse notes on the patient's medication administration record which of the following types of oral medication? a) Enteric-coated tablets b) Simple compressed tablets c) Soft gelatin capsules filled with liquid d) Buccal or sublingual tablets

Enteric-coated tablets

Cancer of the esophagus is most often diagnosed by which of the following? a) Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with biopsy and brushings b) Fluoroscopy c) Barium swallow d) X-ray

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with biopsy and brushings

A client has a gastrointestinal tube that enters the stomach through a surgically created opening in the abdominal wall. The nurse documents this as which of the following? a) Orogastric tube b) Nasogastric tube c) Jejunostomy tube d) Gastrostomy tube

Gastrostomy tube

The nurse caring for a patient who is receiving feedings through a nasogastric (NG) tube is assessing the patient for signs and symptoms of pulmonary complications. The nurse determines that the patient may be experiencing pulmonary complications when which of the following is noted? a) Respiratory rate of 30 b) Pulse 88 c) Temperature of 97°F d) Blood pressure of 110/72

Respiratory rate of 30

The nurse caring for an elderly patient diagnosed with diarrhea is administering and monitoring the patient's medications. Because one of the patient's medications is digitalis (digoxin [Lanoxin]), the nurse monitors the patient closely for which of the following? a) Hypernatremia b) Hyponatremia c) Hyperkalemia d) Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia

When assisting with the plan of care for a client receiving tube feedings, which of the following would the nurse include to reduce the client's risk for aspiration? a) Giving the feedings at room temperature. b) Administering 15 to 30 mL of water every 4 hours. c) Aspirating for residual contents every 4 to 8 hours. d) Keeping the client in a semi-Fowler's position at all times.

Keeping the client in a semi-Fowler's position at all times.

A group of students is reviewing the medications that may be used to treat esophageal reflux. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as an example of a proton-pump inhibitor? a) Ranitidine (Zantac) b) Omeprazole (Prilosec) c) Sucralfate (Carafate) d) Cisapride (Propulsid)

Omeprazole (Prilosec)

A patient is taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents for arthritis of the knees and hips. Which of the following diseases is a result of cellular destruction of the gastrointestinal tract from this medication? a) Esophageal cancer b) Liver cancer c) Bowel obstruction d) Peptic ulcer disease

Peptic ulcer disease

The nurse is conducting a community education class on gastritis. The nurse includes that chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori is implicated in which of the following diseases/conditions? a) Colostomy b) Peptic ulcers c) Pernicious anemia d) Systemic infection

Peptic ulcers

The nurse is monitoring a patient's postoperative course after an appendectomy. The nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has vomited, has abdominal tenderness and rigidity, and has tachycardia. The nurse's report to the physician is that the patient has signs/symptoms of which of the following complications? a) Ileus b) Hemorrhage c) Pelvic abscess d) Peritonitis

Peritonitis

A client is admitted with a diagnosis of acute appendicitis. When assessing the abdomen, the nurse would expect to find rebound tenderness at which location? a) Left upper quadrant b) Right lower quadrant c) Left lower quadrant d) Right upper quadrant

Right lower quadrant

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a percutaneous liver biopsy. The nurse would monitor the client for which of the following? a) Return of the gag reflex b) Passage of stool c) Signs and symptoms of bleeding d) Intake and output

Signs and symptoms of bleeding

Your patient arrives at his sick call reporting chronic abdominal pain. The physician, after thorough assessment and evaluation and labs, prescribes a treatment regimen for a duodenal ulcer, caused by H. pylori infection. What type of medications might be used to treat his ulcer? a) Two antimicrobials and either a PPI or H2RA b) Antibiotic and sucralfate c) Antibiotic and antacid d) Sucralfate and H2RA

Two antimicrobials and either a PPI or H2RA

A patient has been prescribed 200 micrograms of misoprostol to be taken 4 times a day orally for the prevention of gastric ulcers. The drug is available in 100 microgram tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer to the patient each time? a) Two tablets b) Half a tablet c) One tablet d) Three tablets

Two tablets

The nurse is monitoring a patient with nasoenteric intubation. The nurse contacts the physician when which of the following is noted? a) Heart rate of 100 b) Moist mucous membranes c) Urinary output 20 mL/hr d) Blood pressure 118/72

Urinary output 20 mL/hr

The nursing instructor is discussing ulcerative colitis with her clinical group. What would she tell her students about the characteristics of the stools of these patients? a) Watery with blood and mucus b) Hard and black c) Long and cylinder shaped d) Loose and fatty

Watery with blood and mucus

A nurse is teaching a group of middle-aged men about peptic ulcers. When discussing risk factors for peptic ulcers, the nurse should mention: a) alcohol abuse and smoking. b) alcohol abuse and a history of acute renal failure. c) a sedentary lifestyle and smoking. d) a history of hemorrhoids and smoking.

alcohol abuse and smoking.

A client with appendicitis is experiencing excruciating abdominal pain. An abdominal X-ray film reveals intraperitoneal air. The nurse should prepare the client for: a) barium enema. b) colonoscopy. c) nasogastric (NG) tube insertion. d) surgery.

surgery.

A client is admitted to the hospital with an exacerbation of his chronic gastritis. When assessing his nutritional status, the nurse should expect a deficiency in: a) vitamin B12. b) vitamin B6. c) vitamin A. d) vitamin C.

vitamin B12.