GOVT 2305 chapter 8

The most recent party realignment had a realigning election in ________.

The most recent party realignment had no single realigning election.

Which type of third party arises from a belief that partisan politics is a corrupting influence that needs to be changed?

reform parties

The election of ________ was a realigning election.

1932

What percentage of party activists work within local political party organizations?

95 percent

Since 1968 the Republican Party has been weaker at the national level than it was in the decades after the Great Depression.

False

________ warned Americans of the "baneful effects" of factions (political parties) in his 1797 farewell address.

George Washington

What usually happens after a third party is relatively successful in attracting votes during a U.S. national election?

One or both major parties will try to co-opt the issue or issues that made the third party successful.

Which are the major political parties in the United States?

Republican Party & Democratic Party

Which of the following statements is true regarding a single-member district electoral system?

The candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district.

In politics, what do linkage institutions do?

They connect citizens with government.

Which of the following are true of grassroots parties?

They operate at the local level. They are open to all citizens.

How did many of the founders of the United States view political parties?

They viewed political parties with suspicion.

Countries with multiparty systems tend to have what kind of electoral system?

a proportional representation system

Current election laws in the United States favor

a two-party system.

All of the following are characteristic of a party realignment EXCEPT

a very close electoral result.

In order to have the best chance to win in a two-party system, political parties normally

align themselves near the middle of the voting spectrum.

Which of the following best describes the voting electorate after the expansion of voting rights during the era of Jacksonian democracy?

all white males

Which of the following voting blocs has moved heavily into the Democratic Party since the 1960s?

black Americans

In general, political parties are made up of a ______ constituency of supporters.

broad

Although party organizations still manage many tasks related to elections, the lead role in elections now lies with the

candidate.

A state that prevents members of one political party from voting for another party's nominees has which type of primary?

closed

State parties are involved with which of the following activities?

election of U.S. senators & voter registration

The most important minor parties in the 20th century have been ______ parties.

factional

Third parties that break off from one of the two dominant parties are known as

factional parties.

The fact that more white women than white men vote for the Democratic Party is an example of a(n) ______ gap.

gender

Political parties began to emerge in the United States

in spite of many of the founding fathers' mistrust of them.

As compared to on television, ______ have greater control over the message on the Internet.

individual users

On a variety of issues, white women hold opinions that are on average ______ than those of white men.

more liberal

Local party organizations operate

only during campaign periods.

Organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to government office are known as

political parties.

The history of democratic government is virtually synonymous with the history of

political parties.

Which of the following was NOT part of the Democratic Party platform in the 2018 midterm elections?

privatizing social security

Voting for a candidate's promises rather than his or her past actions is an example of what is called ______ voting.

prospective

A(n) ________ party is a minor party that bases its appeal on the claim that partisan politics is having a corrupting influence on government and policy.

reform

Third parties formed to promote a stance on a particular issue are known as

single-issue parties.

The first American political parties emerged from the conflict between

small farmers and states' rights advocates, and those favoring commercial and wealthy interests.

On a ______, citizens vote for candidates from different parties.

split ticket

The principal medium for election politics is

television.

The major reason for the persistence of the American two-party system is

the existence of single-member election districts.

Primaries in which candidates of both parties are on the same ballot and the top-two finishers compete in the general election are called ______ primaries.

top-two

The U.S. government functions as a(n) ______ system.

two-party

When does a national party committee defer to the president to chose a national chair?

when the party controls the White House

Which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true?

-Abraham Lincoln was the target of insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns. -Negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office.

When a realignment in the electorate occurs, which of the following occurs?

The parties reorganize themselves.

What does it mean when the text suggests that parties are "linkage institutions"?

They connect citizens with government.

Prospective voting is characterized by

choices based on what candidates promise to do if elected.

Which political party has been known for its advancement of civil rights and expansion of social welfare programs?

the Democratic Party

What is the purpose of a primary election (direct primary)?

to enable voters to select their respective party's candidates for a general election

During the 20th century, American parties lost their exclusive control over

*All of these answers are correct. -the staffing of government jobs. -candidate platforms. -campaign financing. -nominations.

The strongest reform party in U.S. history was the

Progressive Party.

Which of the following are distinct disadvantages of the rise of candidate-centered campaigns?

-They make it easier for officeholders to deny responsibility for government actions. -They provide opportunities for powerful interest groups to donate money to candidates.

Even if a third-party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate has still done which of the following to help the third party succeed?

-encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party -drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates

Which of the following are roles that national political parties have?

-to raise money for congressional campaigns -to raise money for presidential campaigns -to seek media coverage of party positions and activities.

What percentage of voters today cast a split ticket?

20 percent

True or false: The Internet has overtaken television as the principal medium of election politics.

False

________, a Populist, won six western states in the presidential election of 1892.

James B. Weaver

Which of the following states have closed/partially closed primaries?

Nevada, Florida & North Carolina.

All party organizations have a responsibility to

build support among voters.

Because of the increasing cost of political campaigns,

candidates must constantly work to raise funds.

Which of the following was NOT part of the Republican Party platform in the 2018 midterm elections?

cuts in military spending

The rise of candidate-centered campaigns has

made it easier for political newcomers to win high office & increased the importance of money in political campaigns.

The largest expenditure in presidential campaigns is for which of the following?

media

The highlighting of candidates' attributes is called

packaging.

Which of the following ranks the amount of media coverage of candidates from highest to lowest?

presidential candidates, Senate candidates, House candidates

In Britain's 2017 election, the Liberal Democrats received 7 percent of the national vote and, thereby, roughly 7 percent of the seats in Parliament. This is an example of a _____ system.

proportional representation

Which of the following is an indication of strong party loyalty?

straight-ticket voting

Which of the following groups are currently most likely part of the Democratic coalition?

union members, 18-29 year olds & African Americans.

What is the term Darrell West uses to describes candidates' use of televised ads?

air wars

If a minor party gains a large following, it is almost certain that

one or both major parties will absorb its issues, and the minor party will lose support.

What is another name for the plurality system?

winner-take-all system

Which party benefited from the 1896 realignment, which was triggered by an economic depression following a banking crisis under President Grover Cleveland?

Republican Party

The in-party's chances of staying in power has historically depended primarily on

the condition of the economy.