Govt-Chapter 8

Which of the following statements are true of young voters

- Young voters who initially voted Democratic in presidential elections have remained loyal to the Democratic Party. - Voters under 30 have preferred the Democratic candidate for the past five presidential elections.

What three basic elements are usually involved in a party realignment

- a shift in voters' partisan support in elections - an enduring change in the parties' policies and coalitions - unusually powerful and divisive issues

Which of the following result from the fact the United States candidates rather than parties control their campaigns

-candidates don't need the party's approval to seek a nomination via a primary -candidates are free to act as they please once in office, as long as they retain their constituents support

The civil war triggered a party realignment. What were the two major parties following the realignment period

-democratic -Republicans

Even if a third party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate has still done which of the following to help the third party succeed?

-draw attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates -encourage the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party

Which of the following are true about political contributions called hard money

-hard money can be spent as the recipient chooses -hard money is subject to legal limits -hard money is money given directly to a candidate -hard money is money political parties give to candidates

Which of the following are advantages in raising money for campaigns that incumbents often have over their challengers

-list of contributions to last campaigns -policy influence sought by donors

Which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigns are true

-negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office -Abraham Lincoln was the target of insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns

What percent of party activist work within local party organizations

95%

The party realignment in 1896 was in part caused by

A banking crisis that led to a depression

What relationship does the national democratic or Republican Party have with the state and local parties

All three levels are independent but work together.

The most electorally successful factional party in U.S history was the

Bull Moose Party

Political parties and their ability to controls politics in the United States, have been weakened by ___ centered campaigns

Candidate

The groups and interest that support a political party are collectively referred to as a party ___

Coalition

What group was most concerned about what scamming and Wattenberg called the "social issue"

Conservative Christians

Third parties that break off from one of the two dominant parties are known as

Factional parties

Local party organizations are stronger today that they were in the days of the political machines

False

Today's candidates are more likely than before to owe their nomination to the efforts of their political party organization

False

In the era of Jacksonian democracy, the efforts of local party organizations, along with the extensions of voting rights to citizens without property, contribute to an almost ____ increase in election turnout

Fourfold

Which president was elected with the promise that he would do something about the Great Depression

Franklin D. Roosevelt

The fact more white women than white men vote for Democratic Party is an example of an ___ gap

Gender

Today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful

Media produces Pollsters Campaign strategist

Which of the following states have closed/partially closed primaries

North Carolina Florida Nevada

An ___ primary is one in which any registered voter, regardless of party affiliation, may vote

Open

In a proportional representation system, which of the following is true

Political parties win a number of seats in the legislature in rough proportion to the percentage of the vote each party receives.

The strongest ideological party in U.S. history was the

Populist Party

Which of the following are functions of political consultants

Producing promotional materials Gathering voter opinions Advising on how to run a successful campaign

The strongest reform party in U.S. history was the

Progressive Party

In Israel's March 2020 election, the blue and white Larry received roughly 27% of the national vote and, therefore, roughly 27% of the seats in the Knesset, which is Israel's legislature. This is an example of a ___ system

Proportional representation

The ___ party formed in the 1850s as the main challenge get to the Democratic Party

Republican

Opposition to slavery gave rise to which party?

Republican Party

Which party benefited from the 1896 realignment, which was triggered by an economic depression following a banking crisis under President Grover Cleveland?

Republican Party

The party realignment that began in the 1960s was completed during ___ presidency

Ronald Reagan's

Which of the following led to the political realignment in the 1930s that benefited the Democratic Party

The Great Depression

Which is a reason that some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment

The Republican Party has become stronger in the South and the Democratic Party had become stronger in the Northeast.

Which of the following statements is true regarding a single-member district electoral system

The candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district.

The in party's chances of staying in power has historically depended primarily on

The condition of the economy

Which of the following are true of grassroots parties

They are open to all citizens. They operate at the local level.

Which of the following is true about candidate centered campaigns

They encourage national office holders to be responsive to local interest

What has happened to the New England states since 1980s

They have shifted toward the Democrats.

How did many of the founders of the United States view political parties?

They viewed political parties with suspicion.

How did the Democratic Party gain the confidence of the American people after winning the presidency in 1932

Through economic recovery program

T or F: for the past five presidential elections voters under 30 years old have preferred the Democratic Party candidate by a substantial margin

True

T or F: rather than being the result of an abrupt shift in response to a single disruptive issue, the most recent party realignment was caused by gradual changes in response to several issues

True

T or F: the median voter theorem helps explain why a party may lose an election when it veers too far from the middle of the ideological spectrum

True

Which party formed during the 1830s was competitive against the Jacksonian Democratic Party?

Whig Party

State party organizations are usually small and are directed by

a full-time chairperson

In order to have the best chance to win in a two-party system, political parties normally

align themselves near the middle of the voting spectrum.

all party organizations have a responsibility to

build support among voters

Although party organizations still manage many tasks related to elections, the lead role in elections now lies with the

candidate

Because of the increasing cost of political campaigns

candidates must constantly work to raise funds.

Political scientist Darrell West uses the term air wars to describe

candidates' use of televised ads

A state that prevents members of one political party from voting for another party's nominees has which type of primary?

closed

State parties are involved with which of the following activities?

election of U.S. senators voter registration Election of governors

To date, the Internet has proven itself to be better than television as a medium for

fundraising. mobilizing supporters.

Political parties began to emerge in the United States

in spite of many of the founding fathers' mistrust of them.

As compared to those on television, ______ have greater control over campaign messages on the Internet.

individual users

The rise of candidate centered campaigns has had which of the following positive effects

made it easier for political newcomers to win high office encouraged national officeholders to respond to local issues

A ______ political system is made up of at least three political parties.

multiparty

Local party organizations generally play an active role

only during campaign periods

The highlighting of candidates attributes and policy positions to appeal to voters is called

packaging

Organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to government office are known as

political parties

A reason political parties have emerged whenever democracy has been established is that

political parties provide individuals a way to join together in order to exercise their collective influence.

Which of the following accurately ranks the amount of media coverage of candidates from highest to lowest

presidential candidates, Senate candidates, House candidates

A permanent shift in party allegiances or electoral support is known as a party

realignment

Which type of third party arises from a belief that partisan politics is a corrupting influence that needs to be changed?

reform parties

The national, state, and local organizations of the republican and democratic parties are

relatively independent; that is, each level does not have much control over the others.

Voting for a candidates past performance rather than future promises is an example of what is called ____ voting

retrospective

Third parties formed to promote a stance on a particular issue are known as

single-issue parties

When casting a ______, citizens vote for candidates from different parties.

split ticket

Many voters cast a ______, where they only vote for candidates of one party.

straight ticket

Who oversees the day-to-day operations of the political party's national organization?

the national chair

A state that permits all registered voters, regardless of party affiliation, to vote in a primary election has what type of primary system?

to open

How many major political parties are there in the United States today

two

Current election laws in the United States favor

two-party system

When does a national party committee defer to the president to choose a national chair

when the party controls the White House

What is another name for the plurality system

winner take all system