Greenhouse Management Dual Credit - Chapter 5: Plant Reproduction
bulbs and similar organs
vegetative structures termed either bulbs, corms, tubers, tuberous roots, or rhizomes are modified stem or root tissues that store food during dormant periods
clone
when many plants are reproduced asexually from a single plant
Propagation
when reproduction id deliberately controlled and manipulated
cuttings
when segments of roots, leaves, or stems are cut off a plant and placed under appropriate environmental conditions
Grafting
with compatible species, the upper portion of one plant can be joined with the lower portion of a different plant, and they will fuse to become a single new plant
Meiosis
A sequence of cell divisions that reduces the number of chromosomes in each cell by half
stolons
aerial shoots that take root after coming into contact with the soil
division of the crown
as shrubs and herbaceous perennials mature, the crown enlarges and can be divided into root shoot units and will grow into separate plants
Homologous chromosomes
associate in pairs during meiosis
sucker shoot
certain plants produce new shoots from adventitous buds that develop on the roots
Cytokinesis
completes the division of the non-nuclear remainder of the cells contents and the formation of a new cell wall
ramet
each individual plant within the clone
gametes
fusion of two sex cells
Scarification
is the breaking of a seed coat otherwise impervious to water to permit water uptake by the embryo
Mitosis
normal division of a cell nucleus that occurs as a plant grows
zygote
one set of chromosomes that form two sets of chromosomes
Sexual reproduction
plant reproduction that results in the formation of seeds
clonal varieties
plants of horticultural importance that are propagated almost totally by asexual means
Homozygous chromosomes
plants that are produced are nearly exact opposites
layering
roots develop on a stem that is still attached to the parent plant
runners
stems that grow along the ground and form new plants at one or more of their nodes
Stratification
the exposure of the seeds to low temperatures
Reproduction
the process by which plants or animals duplicate themselves
budding
type of grafting in which buds of one plant are implanted into the stem of another compatible species
Asexual reproduction
vegetative process that eliminates genetic variation