group 5.1-5.2
hair follicles, sebaceous, and sweat glands
Accessory structures of the skin
the different levels of melanin synthesis Melanocytes are the source of the pigment melanin This dark brown pigment, in addition to giving skin color, also has a protective function
Differences in skin color among individuals are the result of
Stratum basale and stratum spinosum
In which layers of the epidermis do mitotic divisions occur
Pressure and pain stimuli
The integumentary system has a protective function. From which of the following does the skin not protect us
Pressure and pain stimuli
The integumentary system has a protective function. From which of the following does the skin not protect us?
Dense irregular connective tissue
The reticular layer of the dermis is composed of what kind of tissue?
circulation and pigment concentration Normal circulation to the skin will pigment the skin due to the presence of hemoglobin in the blood as more pigment concentrates in a region, skin takes on a darker appearance
What are the two basic factors that interact to produce skin color?
Dermis and epidermis
What are the two layers of the cutaneous membrane (skin)?
stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum The deepest layer of the epidermis is the stratum basale. Hemidesmosomes anchor it to the basement membrane. Stratum basale cells divide and the daughter cells are pushed toward the surface, forming the stratum spinosum. As cell division continues, the stratum spinosum cells are pushed toward the surface forming the stratum granulosum. This layer begins the formation of keratin. They are also pushed further outward away from the dermis. This new layer is the stratum lucidum. Finally, the stratum lucidum cells are pushed to the surface. The stratum corneum is the outermost or surface layer.
What is the correct order of strata from the basement membrane to the free surface of the epidermis?
Keratin
What is the water-resistant, fibrous protein that fills the cells of the outer layers of the epidermis and helps slow dehydration?
bruise
When ruptured dermal blood vessels leak into the dermis, a __________ may form.
Glands of the duodenum
Where is epidermal growth factor produced?
Stratum lucidum
Which epidermal layer is found only in thick skin
Stratum lucidum
Which epidermal layer is found only in thick skin?
stratum lucidum
Which epidermal layer is found only in thick skin?
stratum corneum layer 1 stratified squamous epithelium functions dead interlocking layers of skin
Which epidermal stratum is the most superficial and is composed of 15-30 layers of dead, keratinized cells that eventually are shed from its surface?
Lipids
Which of the following does the integument not synthesize or produce?
Synthesis of B vitamins
Which of the following functions is NOT associated with the skin?
Carotene
Which of the following is an orange-yellow pigment that is found in certain food items, such as carrots and squash?
epidermis is not an accessory organ of the integumentary system
Which of the following is not an accessory structure in the integumentary system?
Stimulating the synthesis of melanin it is exposure to the sun's UV radiation and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) that stimulates the production of melanin
Which of the following is not an effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the epidermis?
Exocrine glands
Which structure is an accessory structure rather than part of the cutaneous membrane?
exocrine glands
Which structure is an accessory structure rather than part of the cutaneous membrane?
Keratinocyte
Which type of cell is the most abundant epithelial cell in the body and dominates the cellular composition of the epidermis?
A cut parallel to a cleavage line will remain closed. This parallel incision will minimize scarring since the wound will tend to remain closed minimizes damage to the tissue itself since fewer elastic fibers will be cut
Why are lines of cleavage clinically significant
