HA&P Pearson Module Ch. 3 Part 2

Match the type of membrane transport with the appropriate characteristic: Secondary active transport. A) Driven indirectly by energy stored in concentration gradients of ions B) A passive process utilizing a protein carrier or channel C) Random motion of a substance resulting in movement from an area of high to lower concentration D) Movement of a substance that utilizes a carrier; energy comes directly from hydrolysis of ATP

A) Driven indirectly by energy stored in concentration gradients of ions

Correctly match the term and definition: The fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane to move substances out of the cell. A) Exocytosis B) Diffusion C) Primary active transport D) Osmosis E) Endocytosis

A) Exocytosis

Which of the following pairs is a correct match? A) Exocytosis: active membrane transport process B) Osmosis: active membrane transport process C) Endocytosis: passive membrane transport process D) Facilitated diffusion: active membrane transport process

A) Exocytosis: active membrane transport process

Cyanide poisoning prevents the production of ATP. If ATP were not available to drive the sodium-potassium pump, which of the following is most likely? A) Na(+) will leak back into the cell and bring water with it causing cells to burst. B) K(+) concentrations inside the cell will increase causing hyperpolarization. C) Na(+) concentration inside the cell will decrease causing depolarization. D) The voltage of the membrane will be unchanged.

A) Na(+) will leak back into the cell and bring water with it causing cells to burst.

By which method does the following move into the cell: molecules moving against the concentration gradient? A) Osmosis B) Active transport mechanisms C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis D) Diffusion E) Phagocytosis

B) Active transport mechanisms

Which of the following binds to a specific receptor and initiates a response in a cell? A) G protein B) Ligand C) Cyclic AMP D) Protein kinase

B) Ligand

The electrochemical gradient recognizes the effect of both electrical and concentration (chemical) forces. The electrochemical gradient applies to which of the following substances? A) Water molecules B) Sodium ions C) Glucose molecules D) Oxygen molecules

B) Sodium ions

A cell will swell, and likely burst, if it is placed in ______ solution. A) an isotonic B) a hypotonic C) a hypo-osmotic D) a hypertonic

B) a hypotonic

The resting membrane potential is mainly determined by ______. A) the concentration of Cl(-) B) the concentration gradient of K(+) and the differential permeability of the plasma membrane to K(+) and other ions C) the concentration of protein anions outside the cell D) the concentration of Na(+)

B) the concentration gradient of K(+) and the differential permeability of the plasma membrane to K(+) and other ions

Match the term with its definition: Hypotonic solution. A) A solution containing the same solutes as the cell B) The force of a liquid pushing against something C) A solution containing fewer solutes than the cell D) The force that solutes have to attract water E) A solution containing more solutes than the cell

C) A solution containing fewer solutes than the cell

The sodium-potassium pump helps to maintain the concentration gradients for sodium and potassium ions across the plasma membrane. Select the true statement regarding the sodium-potassium pump. A) For each molecule of ATP used, the pump moves two negatively charged sodium ions into the cell. B) For each molecule of ATP used, the pump moves two negatively charged potassium ions out of the cell. C) For each molecule of ATP used, the pump moves three positively charged sodium ions out of the cell. D) For each molecule of ATP used, the pump moves three positively charged potassium ions out of the cell.

C) For each molecule of ATP used, the pump moves three positively charged sodium ions out of the cell.

Match the type of membrane transport with the appropriate characteristic: Primary active transport. A) A passive process utilizing a protein carrier or channel B) Random motion of a substance resulting in movement from an area of high to lower concentration C) Movement of a substance that utilizes a carrier; energy comes directly from hydrolysis of ATP D) Movement of a substance that utilizes a carrier, and has a concentration gradient as the source of energy

C) Movement of a substance that utilizes a carrier; energy comes directly from hydrolysis of ATP

Match the term with its definition: Hydrostatic pressure. A) A solution containing more solutes than the cell B) The force that solutes have to attract water C) The force of a liquid pushing against something D) A solution containing fewer solutes than the cell E) A solution containing the same solutes as the cell

C) The force of a liquid pushing against something

Select the statement that is false regarding the resting membrane potential. A) The membrane potential is a voltage, which is potential energy resulting from the separation of oppositely charged particles. B) In their resting state, the plasma membranes of all body cells exhibit a resting membrane potential. C) The minus sign of the resting membrane potential indicates that the outside of the cell is negative compared to its inside. D) The charge separation of the resting membrane potential exists only at the membrane; the cell interior is electrically neutral.

C) The minus sign of the resting membrane potential indicates that the outside of the cell is negative compared to its inside.

In chemical signaling, which of the following is considered to be a second messenger? A) Hormone B) G protein C) Neurotransmitter D) Cyclic AMP E) Ligand

D) Cyclic AMP

Correctly match the term and definition: Vesicular transport that moves substances into cells. A) Osmosis B) Exocytosis C) Diffusion D) Endocytosis

D) Endocytosis

By which method does the following move into the cell: Movement of large particles, bacteria, or cellular debris by endocytotic vesicle A) Osmosis B) Receptor-mediated endocytosis C) Pinocytosis D) Phagocytosis E) Diffusion

D) Phagocytosis

Correctly match the term and definition: Endocytosis of a tiny quantity of extracellular fluid containing solute molecules. A) Osmosis B) Receptor-mediated endocytosis C) Phagocytosis D) Pinocytosis

D) Pinocytosis

Match the term with its definition: Osmotic pressure. A) A solution containing fewer solutes than the cell B) A solution containing more solutes than the cell C) A solution containing the same solutes as the cell D) The force that solutes have to attract water E) The force of a liquid pushing against something

D) The force that solutes have to attract water

Which of the following is true with regard to membrane potential? A) All cells in the body must maintain a constant voltage across the membrane. B) Because the number of ions producing the membrane potential is so small that it does not change ion concentrations in any significant way, changes in extracellular Na(+) will not affect membrane voltage. C) Na(+) plays the key role in generating the resting membrane potential. D) Transient opening of gated Na(+) and K(+) channels in the plasma membrane is a normal means of activating neurons and muscle cells.

D) Transient opening of gated Na(+) and K(+) channels in the plasma membrane is a normal means of activating neurons and muscle cells.

Crenation takes place when a cell is placed in ______. A) a physiological saline solution B) a hypotonic solution C) an isotonic solution D) a hypertonic solution

D) a hypertonic solution

Pinocytosis is a type of ______. A) facilitated diffusion B) exocytosis C) receptor-mediated exocytosis D) endocytosis

D) endocytosis

Proteins in the cell membrane that bind hormones and relay messages into the interior of the cell _______. A) are known as channel proteins B) provide cell identification C) are known as carrier proteins D) perform a function known as signal transduction

D) perform a function known as signal transduction

Cells of the body mainly use ______ for the selective endocytosis of most macromolecules. A) pinocytosis B) diffusion C) fluid-phase endocytosis D) receptor-mediated endocytosis

D) receptor-mediated endocytosis

Which type of membrane transport process uses ATP as a source of energy? A) Osmosis B) Facilitated diffusion C) Filtration D) Simple diffusion E) Primary active transport

E) Primary active transport