Hazmat Test 1. DOD Fire Academy
Components that make up a Hazmat Placard
1. Four-digit ID number (UN/NA) 2. Hazard Class Number 3. Hazard Symbols and Colors
Elevated Temperature Material
A material that, when offed for transport in bulk packaging, meets one of the following: *a Liquid at or above 212 DF *Solid at a temp at or above 464 DF *a liquid w/a flash point at or above 100 DF A material that is intentionally heated and transported at or above its flash point.
Hazardous Substance
Above a certain amount EPA term for chemicals that if released "above a certain amount" must be reported
Extremely hazardous substances
Above the threshold EPA term chemicals that must be reported if released "above the threshold" reporting quantity.
APIE
Analyze Plan Implement Evaluate
ERG colors and descriptions
Blue: name of material. provides an index of hazardous materials in alphabetical order Yellow: four digit UN/NA number White: pictures of containers, used when there is no name or number found Orange: specific information about hazardous material and how to respond to hazardous material- can find 3 different categories: Potential Hazards, Public Safety Section (protective clothing and evacuation) and Emergency Response Section Green- toxic inhalation hazards: provide initial isolation and protective action distances
Class 8 (corrosives)
Burns/ emulsification skin damage Liquids or solids that cause visible destruction or irreversible alterations in human skin Nitric acid, sulfuric acid
Chemical Hazards/Special Warning Signs
Chemical hazards: -Highly toxic (red you're dead) -Harassing agents (yellow you're mellow) -White phosphorus munitions (white is bright) Special Warning Signs: -Wear breathing apparatus -Apply no water
Hazardous Materials Warning Placards Categories
Class 1- explosives Class 2- gases Class 3- flammable liquid/combustible liquid Class 4- flammable solid/spontaneously combustible/ dangerous when wet Class 5-oxidizer and organic peroxide Class 6-poison (toxic) and poison inhalation hazard Class 7-radioactive Class 8-corrosive Class 9-miscellaneous
Fire symbols
Class 1: Division 1- mass explosions (big boom) Class 1: Division 2- explosion with fragment hazard (little boom) Class 1: Division 3- mass fire (big fire) Class 1: Division 4- moderate fire (little fire)
Shipping Papers
Contain information such as: 1. Name of material 2. Emergency contact number 3. Hazardous class 4. 7 digit standard transportation commodity code (stucc) only for railway transportation
In terms of medical care, Awareness personnel should determine if victims are:
Contaminated
Hazardous materials (hazmat)
Defined by NFPA 1072 Any substance or material that poses an unreasonable risk to Health, Property and/or the Environment (PPE) if it is not controlled during handling, storage, manufacture, processing, packaging, use, disposal or transportation
Dangerous Placard/ Mixed Load Placard
Denotes a shipment of products with more than 1,000 kg (lbs?) of one category of hazardous material or two or more categories of hazardous materials from DOT chart
Class 1 (explosives) categories/ ManyPeopleFindMeVeryExtreme
Division 1.1- Mass explosion (dynamite) Division 1.2-Projection hazard (detonation cord) Division 1.3- Fire hazard (Liquid-fueled rocket motors/ 1+3=4) Division 1.4- Minor explosion hazard (practice ammunition) Division 1.5- Very insensitive explosives (prilled ammonium nitrate fertilizer) Division 1.6- Extremely insensitive explosives (explosive squib devices)
Class 2 (gases) categories
Division 2.1- flammable gases/ propane Division 2.2- non-flammable, non-poisonous compressed gases/ carbon dioxide Division 2.3- poisonous gases/ cyanide gas Flammable,NonflammableNonpoisionous,Poisionous
Class 4 (flammable and combustible solids) categories
Division 4.1- Readily combustible (magnesium ribbons) Division 4.2- Spontaneously Combustible (charcoal) Division 4.3- Dangerous when Wet (magnesium powder)
Category 6: (poisons)
Division 6.1- Poisonous Materials- materials other than gas/ Irritant (6.1/6.I), tear gas candle Division 6.2- Infectious Substances- microorganisms/ etiological agent, covid
3 things you need for Evacuation:
Enough time to warn people Get them ready to go Leave the area
Class 1 (Explosives)
Explosion Any substance or article including a device that is designed to function by explosion or that by chemical reaction within itself is able to function by "explosion"
Colors associated with categories of hazardous materials
Explosives- Orange Oxidizer- Yellow Flammable- Red Health hazard- White (poison/corrosive) Water reactive- Blue Nonflammable-Green
Class 3 (flammable and combustible liquids) categories
Flammable liquid: <140 degrees F (acetone) Combustible liquid: >140 degrees F (peanut oil) Division 3.1- flash point: <0 degrees F Division 3.2- flash point: 0 degrees F to <73 degrees F Division 3.3- flash point: 73 degrees F to <140 degrees F
Liquid Containers
Flat/less rounded ends on tanks Have oval, upside down horseshoe-shaped, or circular shaped ends and less rounded than pressure tanks
Hazardous Information Available from the SDS (safety data sheet)
General Information- includes manufacturer's name, address and emergency phone number, chemical name and family and all synonyms. Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) number- chemical's social security number
Globally Harmonized Systems (GHS)
Globally harmonized system of classification and labeling of chemicals is to promote common, consistent criteria for classifying chemicals according to their healthy, physical and environmental hazards and encouraging the use of compatible hazard lables
Difficulties Responders Encounter in Determining Specific Names of Hazardous Materials/WMD at Fixed Facilities
If the SDS is wrong or not on file, facility manager is not available, pre-incident plan information is incorrect or outdated, and incorrect or erroneous labeling
Dangerous Goods
In Canadian Transportation, hazardous materials are called Dangerous Goods.
Who determines how the implemented plan is affecting the incident?
Incident Commander
Who develops the incident action plan
Incident Commander
Radioactive Material Containers Categories
Industrial- low levels of radioactivity Excepted- extremely low levels of radioactivity Type A- designed to be resued Type B- used with high level radioactivity (Cask/ spent fuel rods and yellow cake) Type C- rarely used, transported by aircraft only (It helps me to think "I before E....ABC")
Policies and Procedures/ Protective Actions
LERPs, the ERG, and contacting CHEMTREC are sources used for determine isolation actions and denying entry
ORM-D (Other Related Material)
Limited hazard during transportation due to its form, quantity and packaging ******these are Lables only
LERPs
Local Emergency Response Plan These plans detail how local emergency response agencies will respond to specific types of community emergencies. Can be electronically stored, and hard copies will be kept in the AHJ files.
Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
Main source for obtaining the names of hazardous materials/WMD at a facility The SDS can be acquired from the manufacturer of the material, the supplier, the shipper, CHEMTREC
Forbidden
Materials that are prohibited from being transported unless they are diluted/stabilized Ex: class 5.2 (CAN detonate/ CAN deflagrate)
Marine Pollutants
Materials that has an adverse effect on aquatic life
Class 9 (miscellaneous hazardous materials)
Materials that presents a hazard during transport but that is not included in other hazards classes Molten sulfur, hazardous waste
Pipeline Markings
Must have: 1. Type of product 2. Owner of pipeline 3. Contact number in case of a breach
NFPA 1072 chapter 4
Outlines first responders awareness level and the job performance requirements: Recognition and identification of Haz. Materials/WMD Initiate Protective Actions Notification
Hazardous materials are harmful to:
People Property Environment
Pressurized Car
Pressurized car/container with ONE THING ON THE TOP
Hazmat Lables
Provide similarly information as vehicle placards, lables may or may not have a written text that identifies the hazardous material within the packaging.
Category 7 (radioactive)
Radioactive poisonous burns/ yellow cake Radioactive material having a specific activity greater than 0.002 Micro-curie per gram (Ci/g)
lowest level of awareness is expected to
Recognize the presence of hazardous material/WMD Protect themselves Call for trained personnel Secure the are (isolate and deny entry)
NFPA 704 Diamond
Red - Flammability BLUE - Health Hazard YELLOW - Reactivity WHITE- Special Information (avoid use of water)
Hazardous waste
Resource, Conservation, and Recovery Act EPA term for chemicals that are regulated under the Resource, Conservation and Recovery Act
Hazardous Chemicals
Risk to employees/ generic risk OSHA term that denotes any chemical that would be a risk to employees
Pressure Containers
Rounded, spherical ends, bolted manways, protective housings, pressure relief devices and gauges BLEVE
SHIP acronym
S: shipping name H: hazard class or division I: identification number P: packing group
Sensory clues to the possible presence of hazardous materials
SOS: Sight- visible corrosive actions, chemical reaction, pooling liquids Odor- gas leak (mercaptan) Sound- continuous pressure release (relief valve on cylinder tank in suppression)
Options if the shipping papers are not found in the normal location, and the responsible party is not carrying them:
Search on or near vehicle Contact the shipper/manufacturer of the shipment Contact CHEMTREC (911 for Hazmat incidents)
NFPA 704
Standard System for the Identification of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response 0-4 scale; 4 is the worst
The DOT has classified hazardous materials according to __________________
Their primary danger Example: material may be poisonous, corrosive and flammable but will only be grouped by whichever is considered the worst
TEAMCPR
Thermal Etiological Asphyxiation Mechanical Chemical Poisonous Radiological
Toxic Chemicals
Toxic chemical EPA term for chemicals whose total emissions or releases must be reported annually by owners and operators of certain facilities that manufacture, process, or otherwise use a listed "toxic chemical"
Different types of Shipping Paper Identifiications
Transportation Mode- Shipping Paper Name- Location of Papers- Party Responsible Air- Air Bill- Cockpit- Pilot Highway- Bill of Lading- Vehicle Cab- Driver Rail- Trainlist/Consist- Engine or Caboose- Conductor Water- Dangerous Cargo Manifest- Bridge or Pilot House- Captain or Master
T/F Other ways to obtain hazard information of a substance on scene is by using visible NFPA 704 markings on fixed facilities, labels, Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS) and the GHS
True
T/F- Hazardous materials/ WMD incidents have potential for doing great harm since the effects are far reaching and more severe, and often have long term effects to the people, property and environment.
True
T/F- If you can smell it, taste it, or feel it, you are now (or ought to be) part of the problem
True
T/F- awareness personnel should withdraw immediately if responders become ill after smelling a chemical
True
T/F- the closer you are to identify the material, the greater chances you are of being exposed to its harmful effects
True
Class 5 (oxidizers)
Type A: CAN detonate,CAN deflagrate Type B: CAN'T detonate/ CAN'T deflagrate, CAN undergo thermal explosion Type C: CANT detonate, CAN'T deflagrate, CAN'T undergo thermal explosion
Dewar flask
Type of cryogenic container that carries cryogenic material
Sheltering in-place protection/In-place protection
Used when an evacuation cannot be performed or when evacuating the public would put them at a greater risk than directing them to stay in place
Cryogenic Containers
Usually associated with refrigerated gas, liquid products, and contents such as liquid oxygen and identified by a box-like loading and unloading stations attached to transportation containers Dewar Flask
Solid Containers
V-shaped sloping sides
Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD):
any weapon that can kill or do significant harm to large number of people or cause great mass damage (nuclear, radio logical, chemical, biological, CBRNE) type weapons
Military Hazmat Markings
fire symbols chemical hazard warnings special warning signs
Highly Hazardous Chemicals
possess toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties/ specific risk OSHA term that denotes any chemical that posses toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties.
