HDFS 1500 Exam 4

According to the lecture, which word is not associated with the definition of Resiliency? Positive adaptation Dynamic Bullying Significant

Bullying

Which statement best reflects moral reasoning at the preconventional level? "Every citizen should obey the rules" "I want to be just like my teacher" "I am careful not to get caught" "Heinz should not be sent to jail for stealing drugs for his wife"

"I am careful not to get caught"

The child who is most likely to have one "best" friend is a: 10-year-old boy 7-year-old boy 10-year-old girl 7-year-old girl

10-year-old girl

According to the lecture, children who are disliked by their peers because they are more quiet or anxious are referred to as: Withdrawn-rejected children Anxious-rejected children Neglected-rejected children Agressive-rejected children

Withdrawn-rejected children

Which of the following is the approach of the bullying intervention program created by Dan Olweus? Decreasing opportunities and rewards for bullying Skill-training bully-victims in self-defense and assertion techniques Ostracizing bullies and empowering bully-victims Moving victims of bullying to a different classroom where they feel safer

Decreasing opportunities and rewards for bullying

Garrett's teacher asked his class to write down every response they could think of to the question, "What would you do if you could be invisible for a day?" This kind of exercise fosters _____ thinking. Divergent Productive Convergent Expressive

Divergent

Maya is struggling with her history paper. She is getting discouraged and starting to feel like a failure. Her friend Wanda offered to read it and make some suggestions. Wanda said she would work on her homework while Maya worked on the paper so they could talk about it. Wanda made sure to say several times, "Maya, I know you can do this!" Wanda is providing the _____ part of friendship. Ego-support Physical support Affection and intimacy Social comparison

Ego-support

Jacob is a third-grader and has a disability that has caused him to be separated from his peers during the school day. Recently Jacob has been moved to the regular third-grade classroom. Jacob has just experienced: Transition Transformation Inclusion Seriation

Inclusion

A shift in brain activation of school-age children from more diffuse to more focal areas in the prefrontal cortex was linked to: Language processing and later reading disabilities Early onset of puberty Increased cognitive efficiency and cognitive control Emotional disturbances in adolscence

Increased cognitive efficiency and cognitive control

In recent decades the number of children diagnosed and treated for ADHD has _____. Increased substantially, with most new cases diagnosed in boys Decreased substantially, with most new cases diagnosed in girl Decreased slightly, with most new cases diagnosed in boys Increased slightly, with most new cases diagnosed in girls

Increased substantially, with most new cases diagnosed in boys

Warren has many characteristics that place him in the autism spectrum disorders. This morning Warren's mother, teacher, and speech therapist are meeting to update his _____, a document that details the adjustments made for his education. Tailored education plan (TEP) Exclusive education plan (EEP) Disabilities education plan (DEP) Individualized education plan (IEP)

Individualized education plan (IEP)

According to Erikson, if 9-year-old Anita is successful in solving her psychosocial conflict, she should be developing a view of herself as: Emotional Beautiful Inferior Industrious

Industrious

Sadie has a learning disability and is being educated in the least restrictive environment possible. This means that Sadie: Is given great freedom and few rules. Has significant input into developing her educational goals. Is placed in as regular a classroom as possible. Spends part of her time in a regular classroom and part of her time in a special education classroom.

Is placed in as regular a classroom as possible.

Children's sharing comes to reflect a more complex sense of what is just and right during: Middle and late childhood Middle infancy Middle and late infancy Early adolescence

Middle and late childhood

Max, now diagnosed with ADHD, has been seeing a therapist who leads him through ____. Often, he sits with his eyes closed, paying attention only to his breathing. Neurofeedback Creativity training Mindfulness training Aerobic exercise sessions

Mindfulness training

Kathryn Kerns and her colleagues have found that during the middle and late childhood years, _____ is associated with a lower level of internalized symptoms, anxiety, and depression in children. Secure attachment Insecure attachment Sense of industry Sense of inferiority

Secure attachment

At the "Meet Your Teacher" day before the school year started, Robert met Ms. Taylor. She asked, "So Robert, tell me something about you." He responded, "I'm good in math but my printing is bad." Robert is revealing his: Self-concept Self-efficacy Self-control Self-esteem

Self-concept

Sarah is tired of reading her book, but she knows she needs to finish the story before she goes to school tomorrow. Sarah is exhibiting which dimension of executive function? Denial Working memory Self-control/inhibition Flexibility

Self-control/inhibition

All of the following are associated with childhood obesity in the United States EXCEPT: The availability of food Parents' eating habits Having overweight parents The part of the country where the child lives.

The part of the country where the child lives.

Jared, age three, was taken to the doctor by his parents who were concerned by his seeming lack of attachment to those around him. Jared hardly spoke at all and spent all day preoccupied with bouncing his ball off a wall. After a thorough investigation, his pediatrician diagnosed him with: ADHD IFC syndrome Autistic disorder Asperger syndrome

Autistic disorder

Gisela's parents routinely give her praise for everything she does, even if it is not very good. No matter how poor her performance, she is always "a winner"! As a result, Gisela tends to avoid attempting tasks that are: Easy Challenging Boring Social

Challenging

Which of the following techniques will parents tend NOT to use to discipline elementary school children? Coercive holding Deprivation of privileges Appeals to the child's self-esteem Comments designed to increase the child's sense of guilt

Coercive holding

Erica, who has two children, marries Wayne, who has a daughter from a previous marriage. They decide that all three children will live primarily with them. After the union, their family will be considered a _____ stepfamily. Complex Simple Segregated Mixed

Complex

Children in the middle years become more skilled at reasoning logically about their experiences. This is called: Logical thought Concrete operational thought Sequential thought Sensorimotor thought

Concrete operational thought

The belief that children should be encouraged to explore their world and discover knowledge with the guidance and support of teachers is central to the _____ approach to learning. Collaborative Constructivist Direct instruction Social cognitive

Constructivist

Sara believes firmly that she should not shoplift any item in a store because it is a social norm and she is a "good girl". Her belief is that good people do not do things that are wrong. Sara is at what level of moral development according to Kohlberg? Preconventional moral reasoning Merit Conventional moral reasoning Postconventional moral reasoning

Conventional moral reasoning

Violetta does more than just memorize and give back information in the way it was given to her. Rather, she thinks productively and reviews, connects, and reflects as a means of evaluating evidence. This means that she is engaging in: Metacognition Cognitive monitoring Critical thinking Control processes

Critical thinking

Jeff's son is trying to learn the names of the five great lakes in the United States. While going over them Jeff points out that the first letter of each lake can be organized to spell "HOMES," so his son starts repeating the names in that order. Jeff was successful in: Avoiding repetition of the same instructional information Embedding memory-relevant language Using mental imagery Engaging procedural memory

Embedding memory-relevant language

Tommy is eight-years-old and can tell you everything about dinosaurs. He knows their names, what time period they lived, and what they ate. He loves to share this information with others and often relates his math homework to adding and subtracting dinosaurs. This is a great example of: Expanding knowledge base Zone of proximal development Scaffolding Concrete operational thought

Expanding knowledge base

At some point during the early elementary school years, children begin to use _____ more; and according to the fuzzy trace theory, this contributes to the improved memory and reasoning of older children. Elaboration Gist Verbal traces Verbatim traces

Gist

Carol Dweck concluded that individuals have one of two mindsets, namely fixed mindset and: Apathetic mindset Open mindset Variable mindset Growth mindset

Growth mindset

Which type of cancer is most prevalent in children? Lung cancer Brain cancer Skin cancer Leukemia

Leukemia

School-age children would most admire: Timmy, whose mother kisses him good-bye at school Billy, who spends a lot of time with adults Marla, who was punished for not telling who threw a paper airplane Mary, who is the third-grade teacher's favorite

Marla, who was punished for not telling who threw a paper airplane

Piaget's third stage of cognitive development emphasizes a child's ability to reason logically and to mentally reverse actions by using the term _____, while also emphasizing that the child can only apply this reasoning to specific, often physical examples by using the term _____. Computational; structured Operational; concrete Formal; metacognitive Postoperational; structured

Operational; concrete

Denise is among the _____ children. She is always in a good mood, supports her friends when they are struggling, and is a good listener. Average Controversial Popular Neglected

Popular

According to the lecture, which of the following is NOT a positive outcome of children structuring games in their free time? Prepares children for realistic competition Children discover why rules are important and which ones work Children spend as much time assigning rules as playing the game They help children develop a mature sense of fairness and justice

Prepares children for realistic competition

Ms. McIntyre is helping two children, a boy and a girl, who are having significant trouble with listening, reading, and spelling. Research would say she is more likely to find outside help for the boy first, demonstrating the _____ bias. Referral Disability Hyperactivity Developmental

Referral

According to the lecture, research shows that a child is most likely to be a victim of bullying if the child is: Ignored Obese Popular Rejected-withdrawn

Rejected-withdrawn

One of the key words in the definition of bullying is: Repeated Attacked Taunting Intolerant

Repeated

Researchers have found that family management practices are positively related to: Students' grades and self-responsibility School-related problems Emotional and behavioral problems Lack of autonomy

Students' grades and self-responsibility

According to the article on the reading wars, when children are learning to read it is important for their school teacher to read aloud to them in school. It also helps if they read with enthusiasm, rhythm, and proper intonation. True False

True

Touch football and kick the can are good examples of neighborhood games. True False

True

Olivia was very upset when she found out her dog had been hit by a car while she was at school. Over the next few days she tried hard to think of something else whenever she remembered her dog, with the goal of not crying. By learning to soothe herself, Olivia is showing emotional growth in the: Understanding that more than one emotion can be experienced in a particular situation. Use of self-initiated strategies for redirecting feelings. Capacity for genuine empathy. Ability to suppress negative emotional reactions.

Use of self-initiated strategies for redirecting feelings.