HDFS OSU 2200 Midterm 1, HDFS 2200 Final OSU

How is cohabitation related to the likelihood of getting a divorce?

Couples who cohabit before marriage are more likely to divorce, but this is due to factors than cohabitation.

The total fertility rate in the United States is currently 1.82, which is the same as the replacement fertility rate.

False

With the exception of the last few decades, there has been a long-term trend over the last few centuries toward increasingly violent societies.

False

Which of the following is an example of a third-generation immigrant?

Grandchildren of immigrants

Which of the following is NOT an example of gender socialization?

Andrea explains to her friends that her parents will not allow her to stay out late after she failed a test.

Which of the following forms of cohabitation is most associated with same-sex individuals?

Cohabitation instead of marriage

Which of the following is NOT one of the distinct themes identified in the study?

College students' promiscuity regardless of gender

Based on what you read about the children most likely to be victims of domestic abuse, identify which policy is UNLIKELY to reduce child abuse and neglect.

Housing vouchers that allow poor families to move often

What types of websites should be utilized for research?

Journals

When faced with economic difficulty, what business did the Stanley sons begin in order to help the family?

Lawn/Landscape care

According to the report posted in the Washington Post, discussed in Family Structure Matters, how are states with high levels of married parenthood NOT affected?

Lower levels of growth for the state

When did the word homosexual first begin to appear as a way to describe someone's identity?

19th century

The richest 1% of Americans earned what percent of all income in 2014?

20%

About what percentage of people report having met their current partner online?

22%

Which of the following is not a main form of scarcity that single-mother families often face contrast to two-parent families?

3 forms that do: Money, time, social capital

Women's weekly earnings are what percentage of men's weekly earnings?

81%

What is the conflict that Justin Baldoni describes related to his life?

A conflict between who he feels he is and who the world tells him he should be as a man.

What is an example of a way in which an elementary school teacher might engage in gender socialization in schools?

By reprimanding a girl for playing on the jungle gym because she is wearing a dress

How are women presented in the Twilight Saga?

Passive and weak

Which of the following is the characteristic of family life for 19th century Mexican Americans?

Poor families, farmers as trains developed they traveled for work. Separated from their families. Strong families bonds(familism).

According to the CRAAP method, which of the following IS NOT one of the 5 tips to evaluate a website?

Popularity

What is not a feature of a google scholar search?

The ability to limit the search to articles that are easy to read and more accessible

Which of the following defines the term separation?

The formal or informal separation of married spouse into separate households

According to the article, what is maternal gatekeeping?

The idea that mothers can exert control over fathers' involvement in child-rearing through their attitudes and behaviors

Which of the following examples best describes the term transgender?

Their gender identity at birth is not the same as when they are older → usually switch in adulthood

Which of the following IS NOT a contributing factor to the feminization of poverty?

There was an increase in the number of mothers who were not in the labor force.

How do sociologists working from the biological perspective seek to understand human behavior?

They apply an understanding of the biological underpinnings of sex differences to common traits and practices today.

Which of the following factors DOES NOT contribute to the relatively high rate of HIV infection in the African American population?

What does not: Racial segregation What does: Greater biological susceptibility, access to education, and lower levels of healthcare.

In the video, what are "microaggressions" compared to?

mosquitos

Which era of marriage are we currently in?

the self-expressive era

What is the average cost of weddings today?

$35,000

The process by which social scientists establish an association between two phenomena is known as

correlation

What is the most important way in which legal recognition of gay and lesbian families reduces boundary ambiguity?

Establishing a sense of family roles and legal ties to children

Which of the following is NOT a major lens through which social scientists study sexuality?

Ethics of sexual behavior

The independence effect raises the likelihood of divorce because it motivates women to leave their marriages, whether they are fairly happy or unhappy.

False

What is the difference between facts and theory in the study of the family?

In sociology, as in any other science, theory is a way to apply logic to a pattern of facts, to structure the way we think about our subject matter, and to help us generate ideas for research to enrich that understanding.

Which of the following describes the term matrilineal?

In this family arrangement wealth and power are transmitted from mothers to daughters

According to Modern Romance, the soul mate marriage is different from the companionate marriage in the following ways:

Individuals in soul mate marriages want their partners to be their best friend, trusted confidant, and most passionate lover

The victims of family violence may be classified in three groups: intimate partners, children, and elders. What two elements are usually present in the relationship between victims and perpetrators of family violence?

Intimacy and care relationship

The article discusses a correlation between a reoccurring theme in the Twilight series and the real world. Who are most responsible for female victimization?

Intimate partners

What is the purpose of google scholar?

It sorts articles that Google considers scholarly so that anyone interested may look at the current research.

For the families in Two American Families, what was the major issue that was the catalyst for the family issues?

Job loss

In which of the following examples, does the young person have the highest life chance?

Justin Smith is the son of a successful and wealthy businessman and is graduating from Harvard this year.

According to How to Lose Your Virginity, the virgin violinist played for what pop star?

Lady Gaga

Which of the following DOES NOT fit under the textbook's "violence" category?

Neglect, Manipulation

According to the New Parents Project, a sample of primarily highly educated, dual-earner, married parents who had their first child in central Ohio,

New fathers did less housework after their babies were born.

Americans believe which of the following, on average:

No adult can be happy without becoming a parent.

Parenting is stressful because

Of the second shift that parents (mothers) do

Which of these topics is more unique to Human Development and Family Science than a Sociology course?

Parenting 3

Which of the following IS NOT a reason why a large majority of adults eventually marry?

Reasons to marry: Happiness, health and wealth, sharing responsibilities, cooperation, status, religion. Anything other than these is the answer.

According to the textbook, which of the following is a reason why sexual behavior is less constrained now than it was in the past?

Reasons: Sex among older adults, young people living alone before marriage, the invention of birth control, sex outside of marriage, separation of sex from reproduction

Identify the statement that describes why some researchers argue that love is an evolutionary adaptation.

Children loved by their parents were more likely to survive infancy

Which of the following is the most accurate example of a split-household family?

Chinese Americans, Mexican Americans

Which of the following is NOT a way in which the federal government increased legal regulation of family life during the industrial era?

Creating rules for religious organizations' role in sanctifying marriage.

Which of the following kinds of relationships would not be included under the category of intimate partner violence?

Dating couples, married spouses, cohabiting couples

Which of the following roles related to marriage was NOT a role played by the state-established churches in the early European Societies?

Deciding who could marry into which families

A theorist might point to which social fact to support the consensus perspective?

Democracy and American Revolution

In meet the patels what is bio data?

Detailed personal information to be given to a prospective match and their family.

Identify the term that describes the process of immigrant children adapting to a new culture more rapidly than their parents.

Dissonant acculturation

Which of the following occupations is the LEAST female dominated?

Electricians

What is meant by the term "token resistance"?

Saying no to sex when you really mean yes.

Which of the following is the force that prompted Mexican migration to the U.S.?

Seeking employment

Which of the following is included in the Self- Actualization category of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?

Self-expression, personal growth, autonomy, spontaneity, veridical self-assessment

Which of the following is NOT a major change in dating and romantic relationships that has made following social scripts more difficult in recent years?

Sexual freedom has increased Couples are less committed to each other

In Meet the Patels, why wouldn't/don't Ravi's parents like Audrey?

She is culturally American

In "Why Domestic Abuse Victims Don't Leave" video, why did Leslie stay?

She thought she was a very strong woman who was the only person on Earth who could help Conor.

Couples often act out the gender roles they saw their parents enact, which is an example of what process?

Socialization

Tanika is a child in a blended family. Tanika's mother married a man who has one son, Michael. Identify the accurate definition of Tanika and Michael's relationship.

Step-siblings

Based on what you read in the "Changing Culture" section, why would the culture of intensive parenting contribute to more people choosing to be childfree?

The culture of intensive parenting ramps us expectations for how much time and resources parents devote to children.

The author of The Way We Never Were: American Families And The Nostalgia Trap, notes that despite the many transformations since the first publication of her book, this one thing has not changed...

The tendency for Americans to view present-day family and gender relations through nostalgia

What does the mental load refer to?

The things that working mothers always have to commit to memory.

Why are homicide rates the standard measure of trends in violent crime?

They are most accurate, since they are in official and survey reports

Which of the following is a unique circumstance for unmarried parents?

They want to date but don't have the time because of their children. Some haven't been married but have kids. They also tend to marry people that have children.

Which of the following IS NOT a way that marriage brings about health benefits?

Through additional responsibility

Imagine you are selected to take part in a study, and the researcher asks you to track and report the times of day in which you study, work, relax, interact with family, and interact with friends. What kind of study method would this be?

Time Use Study

A cohort is a group of people who experience an event together at the same time. T/F

True

Men with children are more likely to be hired than their childless counterparts. (T/F)

True

According to College Students and Sexual Consent: Unique Insights, male college students:

Use force or their strength to position a woman to give oral sex

What did Justin Baldoni challenge men to do?

Use the same qualities that they feel make them a man to go deeper into themselves

Which of the following is NOT an example of a microaggression?

What's Up?

According to researchers, which of the following indicates that young people endorse the belief that men's sexual pleasure supersedes women's sexual pleasure?

When asked a vaguely worded question regarding consent to oral sex, most men and women interpreted the question as asking how men consent to receive oral sex and how women consent to perform oral sex

Which of the following statements is not a common microaggression?

Where are you from?

Why does the percentage of Whites married to Blacks in the United States differ so significantly from the parentage of Blacks married to Whites in the United States?

White men were allowed to have black children during slavery but it was not socially acceptable for a black man to have children/ marry a white women. Laws preventing interracial marriages between whites and blacks. By 2015, some 8 percent of married African Americans were married to Whites. But because Whites are the larger group, that translated into less than 1 percent of married Whites

Which of the following is NOT an example of victim blaming?

Why did he force himself on her?

Which of the following is a definition of care work?

Work performed face-to-face for the purpose of enhancing the capabilities of another person.

Which of the following class structures includes the highest percentage of Americans?

Working Americans

Which of the following work-family conflict issues is more characteristic of professional parents than of working-class parents?

Working-class parents often string together a series of overlapping part-time or temporary jobs-interrupted by period of no jobs at all trying to bring enough earning and benefits to keep their household afloat.

Identify the antipoverty policy that the evidence supports as the best approach.

a broad redistribution policy in which poor households receive a proportional amount of money back at tax time that raises their income to above the poverty line

Which of the following scenarios might cause a "marriage squeeze?"

a large influx of young adult male migrants into the country; a sudden fertility rate (that is, the number of children born to each woman) drop among young women

A recent study of residents in Framingham, Massachusetts found that:

a person is 75% more likely to divorce if a close friend does

What is the summary of an article called?

abstract

According to Modern Romance the "best of" mentality?

affects our search for romantic partners

According to Jackson Katz, a bystander is:

anybody who is not a perpetrator or a victim in a given situation but who is embedded in a relationship with the people in the situation.

One argument that Afifi makes is that

because children today tend to be very close to their parents, they are impacted by their parents' divorce.

Employers expect mothers to _________ after they have children

become less productive

Which of the following groups is the most isolated group in terms of dating?

blacks

According to Harvard economist Raj Chetty, which of the following is one of the strongest predictors of upward mobility?

growing up with married parents

According to Modern romance the average of age at marriage in the US:

has increased for both men and women

Before you being reading a scholarly journal article what should you do first?

have a clear research question and/or topic statement

Research has found an association between parenthood and

higher depression

In Meet the Patels, who does Ravi live with?

his sister

The extent to which mothers open or close the gate to the father's involvement with the child/children is related to

how much influence the father feels like he has in child-related decision making how much the father is involved in the day-to-day care of his child/children how confident the father appears when interacting with his child/children (all of the above)

When a man expects his partner to ask him to do things, he's viewing her as the ________________ of household chores.

manager

For the Nuemann family, which of the following were NOT stressors that the family faced in addition to poverty?

meddling in-laws

According to Modern Romance an ideal first date would be

monster truck rally

The families in Two American Families DID NOT experience the following:

more income following the 2008 recession

In the institutional era...

most Americans lived in agarian communities

The safety category of need includes all of the following except....

self esteem

The video gives an example of a microaggression that can lead to death. What was the example?

shooting an innocent person

The following is an example of which of the 4 horsemen? "Yeah, I am not listening to this anymore. I am out of here."

stonewalling

Scholars are unsure why marriage matters for children, but they know it does. What is NOT something, mentioned in the Family Structure Matters article, that may be affected in children's lives when living in an unmarried household?

strained relationships with siblings

de Botton discusses which phenomenon that he finds fascinating?

sulking

The families in Two American Families lived in which city?

Milwaukee

Which of the following statements is true about couples therapy based on the "Is Divorce Contagious" article?

Most couples who enter couples therapy are debating whether or not they should even stay together.

Which of the following IS NOT a factor that made building and maintaining families difficult for slaves in the period between 1619 and the end of the Civil War (in the mid-1800s)?

Most enslaved children did not live with their parents

Which of the following is a major point made by de Botton?

Most partners want to change one another.

What is the goal for men who are not abusive according to that Jackson Katz?

Challenge other men who are abusive

Which of the following racial/ethnic groups has the highest poverty rate?

American Indians

Based off what we learned in the video, what is a microaggression?

An indirect, subtle, or unintentional act of discrimination against a marginalized group

What is human development and family science?

An interdisciplinary area of study that focuses on families in context

Women in which of the following groups have the HIGHEST marriage rates?

Asians

Which of the following statements about acculturation and assimilation is NOT true?

Assimilation most occurs before acculturation

Which of the following parenting styles is characterized by high demandingness and high responsiveness?

Authoritative

Which of the following is NOT associated with stronger feelings of homophobia?

Being born after 1990 and being female

Which of the following IS NOT an example of a transition that may add to a child's stress and affect his or her development?

Being punished unfairly by a parent

Because the word family means different things to different people, the textbook provides a broad definition of families as groups of people who are bound by which of the following types of connections?

Biological, legal, emotional

What is the big reason, according the Family Structure Matters, that the gender gap in educational, behavioral, and social outcomes is growing?

Boys are often hit harder by having unmarried parents and by the absence of a father

According to College Students and Sexual Consent: Unique Insights, female college students:

women are responsible for oral sex

Which of the following IS NOT a reason for the "motherhood" penalty in wages?

women's occupational choices

Which of the following is the definition of the divorce-marriage ratio?

1 divorce for every 2.2 marriages that year in the country.

Which of the following is an example of familism?

A teenager misses several days of school to look after a sick relative. A grandfather moves into his daughter's home to help take care of his grandchildren.

Which of the following IS NOT a factor that contributed to families' having fewer children in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?

Abandoned children were adopted or fostered rather than made to work.

Concerning abuse of elderly adults, which of the following most closely defines the term expressive aggression?

Acting so angry that it felt so dangerous, or severely insulting or humiliating them.

Which of the following mate selection patterns creates the most inequality in a society?

Adults only marry within their own social class.

Which of the following options is not a way in which the Twilight Saga reinforces the marginalization of women and girls?

All of the vampires in the saga are male

Who does Justin Baldoni ask to forgive him (and all the other men of the world) at the end of the video?

All women

Identify the statement that describes how the rising age at first marriage impacted sexual behavior.

Almost all Americans have sex before marriage.

T/F We should assume that someone is being dramatic if they react to a microaggression made against them.

False

The American Time Use Survey shows that men and women perform nearly equal hours of housework.

False

According to How to Lose Your Virginity, which of the following were NOT used to check for virgins?

Fingernail test

Which of the following examples DOES NOT fit the definition of a legal family?

Fostered children, unmarried partners, housemates

The purpose of marriage for people today differs greatly from people in the past. According to the article, The Way We Never Were, what was the most common purpose of marriage in our history?

Gain advantageous in laws and expand the family labor force

In a story from the textbook, a woman recalled, "In 1969 I even started to wear trousers to work (as a social worker). At the time this was certainly frowned on, yet two years later social workers were roaming the inner city in torn jeans, gym shoes and bra-less T-shirts." What concept does this story exemplify?

Gender roles change over time and across place. Non-conforming

How have parents' reasons for having children changed over time?

Having children is more of an emotional or symbolic asset, not a practical one.

Which of the following is one of the ways that Justin Baldoni attempts to get past the fact that he isn't comfortable talking about his feelings?

He forces himself to be vulnerable to others

Which of the following groups is LEAST LIKELY to use assisted reproductive technology?

Heteorosexual couples who have just begun trying to have a child.

According to Michelle Budig what two policies shrink the motherhood penalty?

High-quality childcare for babies and toddlers and moderate-length paid parental leave

According to rape justification literature, what is a widely held assumption among men?

If a woman engages in some level of physical activity with a man, she is obligated to have intercourse and thus he can just tell her they are going to have sex

Which statement describes the assumptions that underlie Becker's marketplace theory of marriage?

Marriage must be voluntary and there is competition for mates.

Which of the following IS NOT an explanation for why women perform more household and child care, on average, than men do?

Men are not as competent at household tasks, women have greater resources, allowing them to take time off from work

What was a relatively common form of polygamy in the nineteenth century?

Men having multiple wives

In Meet the Patels, according Ravi's parents, what should his wife's last name be?

Patel

The high school prom has been a site of continuous legal and social conflict for decades. Why are prom scripts so important?

Proms are often seen as a formal step in the process of mate selection that can lead eventually to marriage.

What disciplines inform HDFS?

Psych, sociology, economics

Which of the following IS NOT an example of how the birth control pill may have had repercussions for society once it was widely available?

Rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) have decreased.

The following is an example of which of the 4 horsemen? "Oh, you're tired? Poor little baby. (eye rolling) I have been up since 6 am with the baby, had to run all over the building for meetings today, went and got groceries because someone apparently does not know how to buy toilet paper, and have spent the past 45 minutes trying to get the baby to bed. So, yeah, I do not even want to hear how 'tired' you are."

contempt

The following is an example of which of the 4 horsemen? "I hate how you always make plans with your friends and never invite me. What, are you ashamed of me?"

criticism

Which strategy is NOT an example of a way a mother will encourage a father's involvement with their child/children?

criticizing the outfit the father helped the child put on

The following is an example of which of the 4 horsemen? "It's not my fault! You were the one who forgot to tell me that the credit card payment was due. I don't know how I ended up married to someone so irresponsible."

defensiveness

A research study found that employers rate ______________ as the most desirable employees

fathers

According to How to Lost Your Virginity, purity balls may be negative because

fathers and husbands are put in charge of women's sexuality

The most profound finding on divorce in the past four decades is:

parental conflict has a negative effect on children

Who tends to fixate more on the safety level of Mount Maslow?

poorer couples

In "Why Domestic Abuse Victims Don't leave," what did first Conor do to isolate Leslie?

quit his job because he made her feel so safe and moved to New England

What does the "R" in the CRAAP method stand for?

relevance

True or False: Edward and Jacob both treat women as if they are property.

true

While women are more and more present in the workforce, they still mostly remain the only ones in charge of the household. (T/F)

true

Which of the following types of families is most likely to be poor?

unmarried female headed families

Which of the following groups is LEAST likely to intermarry with those of other races or ethnicities?

white women