Health class
What happens to the food after it is chewed and lubricated?
It is pushed by the tongue into the pharynx
what does the larynx do?
It prevents food or liquids from entering the lungs
Which blood cells brings oxygen to cells and takes carbon dioxide away?
Red blood cells
What are epithelial cells designed to do?
Regulate temperature, secrete lubricants, and protect body from harmful substances.
Are bones living organs?
yes
What is the purpose of the CNS?
The purpose of the CNS is to receive information from sense organs, analyze the information, and initiate a response which is carried to the designated body part via the peripheral nervous system.
What two systems work together to add oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body?
The respiratory system and the circulatory system
In the mouth, what secretes enzymes which help prepare the food for digestion in the stomach.
The salivary glands
What are the two main parts of the circulatory system?
The systemic circulation and the pulmonary circulation.
The respiratory system and the circulatory system work together to do what?
add oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the body
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
all the bones in the shoulders, arms, hands, pelvis, legs, and feet.
What is the bodies main artery?
aorta
A blood vessel that takes oxygen-rich blood away from the heart.
artery
How are bones held together?
at the joints by ligaments
What does the central nervous system consist of?
brain and spinal cord
A space or room within the heart.
chamber
What is the inner layer of skin?
dermis
Having to do with the entire body.
systemic
how do Skeletal and smooth muscles move?
when nerve impulses, sent from the central nervous system, stimulate the muscle fibers, telling them to either contract or relax.
How many bones make up the skeletal system?
206
The basic structural unit of the body
Cell
To draw together
Contract
The fluid-like substance contained within the cell membrane, the nucleus not included
Cytoplasm
What happens as air passes through the nose?
It is warmed and cleaned.
What are examples of epithelial cells?
Skin and the lining of your stomach
What is an example of an organ?
Stomach
The endocrine system consists of ____________ secrete ___________ into the bloodstream.
glands, hormones
What is the main organ of the circulatory system?
heart
What does PNS stand for?
peripheral nervous system
What do nerve cells do?
Form nervous tissue, which sends messages from the brain to the rest of the body.
What are some examples of connective cells?
Tendons, blood, and fat.
What do muscular cells do?
Work together to form your body's muscles, providing movement.
What is the outer layer of skin?
epidermis
How many muscles are in the body?
600
What do connective cells do?
They form the tissues and fluids that connect the parts of the body.
What do Epithelial cells do?
They group together to form the tissues that cover and protect the body inside and out
Where do the The undigested substances go?
They pass out of the body through the anus
What does the renal artery do?
channels the waste-filled blood to the excretory system.
What does the dermis contain?
contains blood vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles, and nerve cells.
What does the pituitary gland do?
controls and regulates all other glands, and it secretes growth hormones.
What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?
controls the involuntary movements of your organs
What is the epidermis made of?
dead cells and new cells
DNA Acronym
deoxyribonucleic acid
Not controlled by will.
involuntary
What kind of muscles move without conscious control?
involuntary
what happens when a cell divides?
it passes on a copy of DNA
How is movement accomplished?
the skeletal system works in tandem with the muscular system
What are aveloli ?
tiny air sacs through which oxygen and carbon dioxide pass in and out of the bloodstream.
A group of cells that have the same purpose
tissue
What is the purpose of the nervous system?
to gather, interpret, respond to, store, and retrieve information
Air is passed from the ___________ into the __________ through two large tubes called _____________.
trachea, lungs, bronchi.
How many systems make up the human body?
11
What system prepares food for the food absorption into the blood stream?
Digestive
What is the function of the peripheral nervous system?
The function of the peripheral nervous system is to link the CNS to the rest of the body.
What does the stomach do?
breaks down the food with powerful acids and turns it into chyme
What does The pulmonary circulation do?
brings carbon dioxide-filled blood to the lungs.
What is responsible for the removal of waste?
capillaries
Exhalation removes more _______________from the body than inhalation brought in.
carbon dioxide
What are 2 types of involuntary muscles?
cardiac muscles and smooth muscles
What does CNS stand for?
central nervous system
What is the nervous system comprised of?
central nervous system and peripheral nervous system (CNS and PNS)
What does systemic circulation do?
disperses oxygen-rich blood throughout the body.
A sudden surge of energy in one direction.
electrical impulse
In what form does a neuron transmit information?
electrical impulse
What do sweat glands do?
excrete(s) excess salts and water.
What happens when the diaphragm relaxes?
exhalation (this causes the lungs to contract)
How many chambers does the human heart have?
four
An organ or group of cells that secretes a chemical substance of the body.
gland
What is the main organ of the respiratory system?
lungs
What does the epidermis do?
makes the body water-proof, gives it color, and helps to maintain hydration levels.
The organelle within a cell that functions as its brain, regulating its production of proteins and genetic material
nucleus
Where are smooth muscles found?
on the inside and outside of organs
Where are cardiac muscles found?
only in the heart
A group of tissues that work together to perform a specified bodily function
organ
A structure that performs a specific function within a cell
organelle
Having to do with the lungs.
pulmonary
What is the function of the somatic nervous system?
send signals to muscles that are controlled voluntarily.
What are the two main parts of the skeletal system?
the axial and appendicular skeletons.
What stores the waste until it is ready to be expelled from the body?
urinary bladder
What is the larynx?
voice box
How are skeletal muscles controlled?
voluntarily
Controlled by will.
voluntary
What does the The integumentary system protects the body and internal organs from?
sunlight bacteria injury
Organs working together to perform a specific bodily function
system
What kind of circulation does the left side of the heart perform?
systemic circulation
What does the axial skeleton consist of?
skull, spine, ribs, and sternum.
What are villi?
small finger-like nodules on the wall of the intestines that absorbs nutrients into the blood stream
What does the axial skeleton do?
provides protection for the body's vital organs-the brain, heart, lungs, and spinal cord.
The genetic "blueprint" that determines the purpose and function
DNA
What are the 4 different types of tissue?
Epithelial, muscular, connective, and nerve cells.
What does the pharynx do?
Forms food substance into balls then pushes it into the esophagus
What does the endocrine system do?
regulates the body's metabolism, growth, and functions of the sexual organs.
What do the kidneys do?
remove excess water, salts, uric acids, and chemicals from the blood.
What does the small intestine do?
secretes salts, acids, and enzymes, which continue the breakdown of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
Where are The remaining amounts of water, vitamins, and minerals absorbed?
The large intestine
What removes carbon dioxide from the blood stream?
The lungs
A chemical substance produced by the glands of the endocrine system in order to control specific tissues and organs.
hormone
What are The main organs of the excretory system?
kidneys
What is the purpose of the skeletal system?
provide the body with a framework that is strong and mobile
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
provide the body with a framework that is strong and mobile. It also is the body's main supplier of blood cells and minerals.