Health Final

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Which of the following statements about college drinking is TRUE?

Female college students' alcohol consumption is close to that of male college students.

People who breathe tobacco smoke from another person's cigarette are known as sidestream smokers.

False

The United States has the third highest life expectancy of any country in the world.

False

The absence of disease or illness is the optimal description of health.

False

The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination protects against all types of HPV.

False

The increase in type 2 diabetes in the United States is thought to be primarily due to genetic factors.

False

The terms HIV and AIDS are synonymous and can be used interchangeably.

False

The wellness continuum ranges from a low point of beginning to experience some type of symptom to a high point of optimal health and well-being.

False

Which of the following is a cancer that occurs in the infection-fighting regions of the body?

lymphoma

The purpose of hydrogenating unsaturated fats is to

make them more solid at room temperature.

Which of the following circumstances can cause a miscarriage?

maternal infection or hormone imbalance

Chronic stress may cause structural degeneration and impaired function of the brain, increasing the risk for all of the following EXCEPT

meningitis

All of the following drugs are used to treat opioid addiction EXCEPT

methamphetamine.

Vivienne is seven years old. Her parents fail to send her to school and do not homeschool her. This is an example of

neglect

Benefits of weight-loss surgery include the potential to reverse

type 2 diabetes.

Which of the following procedures performed during pregnancy can determine the size and position of the fetus and detect birth defects in the nervous and digestive systems?

ultrasound

Chelsea occasionally takes aspirin to relieve a headache. Chelsea is

using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.

If you are concerned about the costs of health care, which of the following practices should you avoid?

using the emergency room for your routine health care

Which of the following contributed to increased life expectancy in the early twentieth century?

vaccinations and antibiotics

Which of the following is TRUE about the third trimester of pregnancy?

The fetus needs large amounts of calcium, iron, and protein from the mother's diet.

Children raised in dysfunctional families who have experienced violence or abuse may have a harder time adjusting to life and run an increased risk of psychological problems.

True

Current research suggests that being happy or unhappy has no direct effect on mortality.

True

Diabetes can contribute to gum disease.

True

Having a father or brother with prostate cancer more than doubles a man's risk of getting the disease.

True

Health insurance is based on the idea that policyholders pay affordable premiums so they never have to face catastrophic medical bills.

True

In a healthy person, an increase in blood glucose following a carbohydrate-containing meal or snack will result in increased secretion of insulin.

True

In theory, allopathic medicine is based on scientifically validated methods and procedures.

True

Mescaline, in the form of dried peyote buttons, has long been used for religious purposes by people native to the southwestern United States and Latin America.

True

Overseas adoptions can cost $20,000 or more.

True

People with diabetes generally do self-checks to monitor blood sugar throughout the day.

True

Socioeconomic status can have a significant effect on risk for obesity.

True

Some intrauterine contraceptives release small amounts of hormones.

True

Studies associate mindfulness with pain relief.

True

Substance abuse disorders can be easily identified through brief screenings in clinical settings.

True

The right to medical care is recognized by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

True

Two high-risk behaviors associated with the development of HIV/AIDS are having unprotected sex and sharing needles.

True

Silvio wants to eat a healthy lunch in the college dining hall. Which of the following choices is the BEST thing he can order?

baked potato with salsa

Driving while drowsy is a form of

impaired driving

A primary advantage of the contraceptive sponge is that

it does not require a fitting from a doctor

Hepatitis B can lead to

liver cancer.

A driver is "usually impaired" at a blood alcohol concentration of

0.05 to 0.07 percent.

Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between getting a chill and contracting a cold?

A chill may indirectly increase a person's risk for getting a cold by lowering the immune system's resistance.

When Dirk gets home from a long day of classes, he typically microwaves a frozen meal, eats it in front of the television, and, when he finishes his meal, can't remember having tasted it. Which of the following is most likely true?

Dirk is engaging in mindless eating.

As a student seeking a healthy diet, which of the following tips is NOT recommended when eating fast food?

Eat salads and add all available food options.

Emotional health is the same as intellectual health.

False

Food allergy and food intolerance mean the same thing.

False

One in four new mothers experience postpartum depression.

False

Oral sex carries no risk for STIs.

False

People who exercise regularly experience physical benefits but not psychological benefits.

False

Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of muscles in the lower back.

False

Sterilization has become the leading method of contraception for women of all ages.

False

The majority of heart arrhythmias result in death.

False

The prevalence of obesity is consistent across all subpopulations in the United States.

False

Which of the following is TRUE regarding homicides in the United States?

Homicides are among the five leading causes of death for persons aged 1 to 44

Kara was tested for diabetes. Her fasting plasma glucose test showed a level of 120 mg/dL. This indicates that

Kara has prediabetes.

Regular aerobic exercise can reduce which type of cholesterol, known as "bad cholesterol"?

LDLs

Which of the following statements about crime in the United States is true?

More than half of all violent victimizations that occur in the United States are not reported to police

Which of the following is TRUE about major depression?

Symptoms include feeling hopeless and difficulty concentrating.

About 36% of college students report having used marijuana in the past year.

True

Not allowing yourself to think about stage fright and focusing only on the content of your speech when preparing for a presentation is an example of

blocking and stopping

Managed care is based on

coordination of health care.

Kurt, who is a vegetarian, had a cheese omelet for lunch. He is a

lacto-ovo-vegetarian.

Once you have identified a target behavior that needs to change, your next step is to

learn more about the behavior, its effects, and possible obstacles.

Marijuana today is

legal for medical purposes in 28 states.

A trait or behavior that a person can actively control, such as eating habits, is a(n)

modifiable determinant.

Type 1 diabetes

most often appears during childhood or adolescence.

Which nicotine replacement product requires a prescription?

nicotine nasal spray

In a clinical trial for a new pain medication, Hayden was given an inactive substance instead of an actual drug. After taking it, however, his headache improved. This resulted from the

placebo effect.

A common ploy used by rapists is to

pose as a police officer or other authority figure

When eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body may begin to obtain fuel from

protein in lean body tissue.

Most commonly, a person diagnosed with social anxiety disorder has a fear of

public events and gatherings

Interpersonal therapy focuses on

social roles and relationships

Liposuction is used to

spot reduce or contour body shape.

Bernard is a strong swimmer, so it's fine for him to

swim parallel to shore in a rip current

A fetus is the term used to describe a conception as of

the third month of pregnancy.

Minerals that the body needs in very small amounts are

trace minerals.

When liquid oils are hydrogenated,

trans fatty acids are produced.

It is wise to deal with being outdoors in cold temperatures by

wearing layered clothing and keeping hydrated.

All of the following are provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) EXCEPT coverage for

young adults on a parent's plan through age 30.

Genevieve was born via gestational surrogacy. Which of the following is true?

A woman was hired to carry the embryo of Genevieve's mother and father to term

Which of the following statements about mindfulness is true?

An essential component of mindfulness is awareness of oneself and one's environment.

Which of the following is a good tip for simple, healthy eating while going to college?

Bring along snacks such as dried fruit, nuts, or a banana.

Which of the following is an FDA-approved prescription weight loss drug?

Contrave

There have been recent reports of date rape drugs being used at campus parties. What should female students do to protect themselves from being the victim of drug-facilitated crimes?

Don't accept open or unsealed drinks and don't leave drinks unattended

A periodontist is a dentist who specializes in alignment of the teeth.

False

Basal metabolic rate is relatively stable throughout life.

False

Cost sharing is one of the mechanisms private health care insurers use to help patients afford coverage.

False

Dietary supplements containing ephedra have dangerous side effects, but are effective in helping people lose weight and keep it off.

False

Vic is taking five classes and working 20 hours a week. He wants to get back into his former running program, but feels too pressed for time. Which of the following strategies might BEST help him overcome this obstacle?

He could read a textbook or listen to a lecture on his MP3 player while jogging on a treadmill.

Before leaving for a party, Kristina took two "100% percent pure caffeine" pills containing 200 mg caffeine each. Which of the following is likely to happen at the party?

Kristina is likely to drink much more heavily than she would have if she had not taken the caffeine pills.

The health insurance program jointly funded by the states and the federal government that provides coverage for low-income individuals and families is

Medicaid

Francisco just found out his HIV test is positive. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

New drug therapies should allow Francisco to significantly slow progression of the disease.

Which of the following statements is NOT true about costs in the U.S. health care system?

New technologies are lowering costs.

Which of the following is TRUE about ethnoviolence and hate crimes?

Prejudice and discrimination are always at the base of hate crimes and ethnoviolence

Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that prescription drug abuse is so common?

Prescription drugs have few side effects.

Support from others to change a behavior is an example of a(n)

Reinforcing Behavior

Which U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1973 gave women the legal right to an abortion?

Roe v. Wade

Which of the following is FALSE about weight management?

Short-term diets are as effective as long-term behavior modification.

Which of the following is TRUE about teratogenic effects?

These effects can be caused by environmental chemical exposure.

A diabetic who has gastric bypass surgery may eliminate the symptoms of diabetes.

True

A personality trait characterized by control, commitment, and the willingness to embrace new challenges is known as psychological hardiness.

True

About one-third of people who undergo gastric weight-loss surgery with remission of diabetic symptoms relapse within five years.

True

All U.S. patients have the legal right to access their medical records.

True

Being able to perform activities of daily living is an aspect of physical health.

True

All of the following statements about the effects of chronic marijuana use are true EXCEPT:

Vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana.

Which of the following is TRUE about women and alcoholism?

Women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men.

Which of the following symptoms probably does NOT warrant professional medical advice?

You develop a low-grade fever and sore throat.

Which of the following individuals would have the highest risk for developing type 2 diabetes?

a Native American male with a BMI of 30

To ensure its effectiveness, the BEST place to store a condom would be in

a bathroom storage drawer away from sharp objects

Aaron is trying to lose weight but he still wants a beverage while he is studying. A good choice might be

a cup of low-sodium broth.

Garrett became very ill with an E.coli infection while living on his grandfather's dairy farm last summer. He could have been infected in all of the following ways EXCEPT

a mosquito bite.

Fertility awareness methods of birth control include all of the following EXCEPT

abstinence

Young adults (ages 15-24) are most likely to die from

accidents.

Catrina just missed hitting a deer as she was driving along a dark, curving road. She felt her racing heart finally slow down after she pulled off the road and took a few deep breaths. This is an example of a(n)

adaptive response.

Which type of exercise is BEST for improving cardiorespiratory fitness?

aerobic

Eve is always upset about something, and it seems that she is never really happy. Her mental outlook is likely to adversely affect

all six dimensions of her health.

All of the following statements are true about traditional Western medical practice EXCEPT

all treatments have had the benefit of extensive clinical trials.

All of the following statements about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are true EXCEPT

although it can be acquired in health-care facilities, they are not a common source.

When blood levels of the hormone leptin rise,

appetite levels decrease.

Research suggests that individuals with prediabetes may avoid progressing to diabetes if they lose what percentage of current body weight?

as little as 5 to 7 percent

Suicide prevention techniques include

asking directly if the person intends to hurt himself or herself

Which immune system malfunction occurs when the body develops antibodies that attack its own tissues?

autoimmunity

Greg frequently gets cold sores (caused by HSV-1). He recently noticed that his left eye had a painful lesion, and he immediately made an appointment with his doctor. Greg's eye most likely became infected with the herpes virus when he touched his mouth and shortly afterward rubbed his eye, which is transmission via

autoinoculation.

Preconception health involves all of the following EXCEPT

avoiding food containing folic acid

Melody has been experiencing severe mood swings, feeling highly energized for a period and then experiencing extreme depression. These symptoms are most closely associated with

bipolar disorder

Which of the following characteristics would be consistent with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in an adult female?

blood pressure of 155/90

One of the advantages of a single-payer health care system is that it

can achieve lower cost through economies of scale.

A standard rum and cola will be absorbed faster than a 5-ounce glass of wine because

carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.

The disruption of which factor results in jet lag?

circadian rhythm

Alicia doesn't eat meat, fish, milk, yogurt, cheese, or eggs. She is making her shopping list for the week and wants to make sure that she buys beans, nuts, grains, and seeds to meet her protein needs. Combining two or more of these plant sources in a meal will provide her with

complementary proteins.

The fertilization of an ovum by a sperm is

conception

When Marlon gets adequate sleep the night before his intramural basketball games, he has more energy and can run faster and perform better. This can be attributed to

conservation of body energy during sleep

The most commonly prescribed therapy for obstructive sleep apnea is

continuous positive airway pressure

Because of a heavy course load and a demanding job, Olivia has been under severe stress this academic year. Which of the following hormones might play a role in increasing Olivia's level of abdominal fat?

cortisol

Drinking games result in the consumption of large quantities of alcohol in a short period of time and have been associated with

death from alcohol poisoning.

The process of freeing the body from an addictive substance is known as

detoxification

Which blood pressure measurement is the lower number that represents the amount of pressure on arterial walls when the heart relaxes?

diastolic

Peter recently ended a relationship when he found out his partner was cheating on him. This probably caused

distress

One problem with the BMI measurement is that it

does not account for varying levels of muscle mass.

The American Academy of Sleep Medicine identifies more than 80 distinct types of

dyssomnia

Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?

easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants

The implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube, is called

ectopic pregnancy

One of the most important goals of Healthy People 2020 is to

eliminate health disparities and improve the health of all population groups.

Intense feelings or patterns of feelings that people experience are

emotions

Of the following lifestyle choices, the MOST helpful for reducing cardiovascular disease risk is to

engage in regular exercise.

An addictive drug produced by fermentation is

ethyl alcohol.

Treatment approaches for college students who develop drug addictions include all of the following approaches EXCEPT

extrasensory perception therapy.

Emotional health can best be described as being able to

feel and express emotions appropriately.

The results from an American College Health Association study indicate that most college students

feel tired or sleepy three or more days a week.

All of the following occur as part of congestive heart failure EXCEPT

fluids cannot reach the legs, ankles, or feet.

All of the following are recommended for avoiding contracting or spreading a respiratory infection EXCEPT

going to work while sick as long as you take medication.

During stage 4, a sleeping person's pituitary gland releases which of the following hormones?

growth hormone

Scott spends most of his weekends either drinking or recovering from drinking, and as a result is unable to keep up with his studying and assignments. Scott

has an alcohol use disorder.

John underwent a body composition test that involved being submerged to compare his underwater weight with land weight to determine his level of body fat. This method of assessment is known as a

hydrostatic weighing.

A state of elevated blood glucose is

hyperglycemia

The process that occurs when fat cells swell and enlarge is

hypertrophy.

Over the last twenty years, the Americans' calorie intake has increased. This is due in part to

increased availability of extremely large serving sizes of foods.

Research has shown that laughter results in all of the following EXCEPT

increased risk of heart disease

Exercise reduces stress primarily by

increasing endorphins and reducing levels of stress hormones.

Two weeks ago your nephew came down with the chickenpox while visiting. Now you have itchy, crusted spots on your arms and you feel terrible. You probably were infected with the chickenpox virus when your nephew was there but did not get sick until now because of the

incubation period.

All of the following points about E. coli 0157:H7 are true EXCEPT that

infection can be serious but is not known to cause deaths.

Which of the following is NOT a bacterial infection or caused by a bacterial infection?

influenza

The ability to think clearly, analyze information, and use one's mental capacity to meet life's challenges is known as

intellectual health.

The six dimensions of health

interact continuously

The primary care practitioner in your campus health clinic has a master's degree and is authorized to perform exams, conduct diagnostic tests, and in some states may also prescribe medications. He is a

nurse practitioner.

Common food allergens include all of the following EXCEPT

oats

How many adult Americans suffer from some type of cardiovascular disease?

one out of three

While hospitalized for severe malnutrition and a debilitating respiratory infection, an elderly patient developed a urinary tract infection. This is an example of a(n)

opportunistic infection.

Stress caused by not being able to accomplish all tasks and obligations in the time available is known as

overload

An optometrist

performs eye exams and prescribes and fits lenses.

Which of the following is a leading cause of disability affecting the extremities, especially in Americans over the age of 65?

peripheral artery disease

Walking to class or up a flight of stairs would be examples of

physical activity.

In preparation for his exam, Juan plans to stay up all night studying. According to research, this strategy will likely result in

reduced cognitive ability

Aspirin is sometimes recommended for reducing the risk of a hear attack because it

reduces the risk of clot formation.

Communication with health care providers can be improved by all of the following EXCEPT

relying on your health care provider for all information on health care issues.

The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food, is the

resting metabolic rate.

The sleep disorder in which a person experiences unpleasant sensations in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move to relieve the sensations is

restless legs syndrome

In a fitness program, the slogan "use it or lose it" applies to which principle?

reversibility

Having unprotected sex is considered a...

risk behavior

An infection during pregnancy that can cause visual or hearing disorders in the infant is

rubella

Allen has just eaten a large meal and pushes his plate away, unable to eat any more. He is experiencing

satiety

Treating a minor health problem yourself without seeking professional help is

self-care.

Jose's belief that he can successfully pass his biology midterm is an example of

self-efficacy

A person's realistic sense of self-respect or self-worth is referred to as

self-esteem

During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions are monitored by

sensors and electrodes

Pearl confides that, at a frat party, she was forced to have sex and did not consent; this is an example of

sexual assault

Brenda is going on a ski trip over spring break and has 12 weeks to get in shape. She purchased an elliptical trainer and started working out on it for 10 minutes each day. Each week, she will increase her workout by 10 minutes until she can exercise for one hour. If she finds that is too rigorous, she will only add 5 minutes to her workout each week. Which of the following behavior-change techniques is Brenda using to get in shape for her trip?

shaping

HIV can potentially be transmitted through all of the following EXCEPT

sharing food utensils with an infected person.

Which exercise technique involves working to slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles?

static stretching

All of the following medications can cause drowsiness EXCEPT

stimulants

The most well-known symptom of mumps is

swollen salivary glands.

As Joe prepares to spar with a Taekwondo opponent, his heart rate and respiration rate increase. These are indicators that which branch of the nervous system has been activated?

sympathetic

Which STI occurs in stages over a period of years?

syphilis

A false negative pregnancy test may result from

taking the pregnancy test too early in the pregnancy

For an aerobic exercise such as a Latin dance class, which measurement would you use to confirm that you are working at 64 percent to 96 percent of your maximal heart rate for improved cardiorespiratory fitness?

target heart rate

A couple in Central America were dismayed when their baby was born with microcephaly. This birth defect might have resulted from infection with which of the following pathogens?

the Zika virus

When a pregnant woman's water breaks, what is actually happening is that

the amniotic sac breaks

David woke up in the middle of the night because he smelled smoke. This most likely caused him to experience

the flight-or-fight response.

The World Health Organization defines violence as

the intentional use of physical force or power against oneself or another person or group

People with an internal locus of control believe that events turn out as they do based on

their own actions.


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