Health Final
Which of the following statements about college drinking is TRUE?
Female college students' alcohol consumption is close to that of male college students.
People who breathe tobacco smoke from another person's cigarette are known as sidestream smokers.
False
The United States has the third highest life expectancy of any country in the world.
False
The absence of disease or illness is the optimal description of health.
False
The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination protects against all types of HPV.
False
The increase in type 2 diabetes in the United States is thought to be primarily due to genetic factors.
False
The terms HIV and AIDS are synonymous and can be used interchangeably.
False
The wellness continuum ranges from a low point of beginning to experience some type of symptom to a high point of optimal health and well-being.
False
Which of the following is a cancer that occurs in the infection-fighting regions of the body?
lymphoma
The purpose of hydrogenating unsaturated fats is to
make them more solid at room temperature.
Which of the following circumstances can cause a miscarriage?
maternal infection or hormone imbalance
Chronic stress may cause structural degeneration and impaired function of the brain, increasing the risk for all of the following EXCEPT
meningitis
All of the following drugs are used to treat opioid addiction EXCEPT
methamphetamine.
Vivienne is seven years old. Her parents fail to send her to school and do not homeschool her. This is an example of
neglect
Benefits of weight-loss surgery include the potential to reverse
type 2 diabetes.
Which of the following procedures performed during pregnancy can determine the size and position of the fetus and detect birth defects in the nervous and digestive systems?
ultrasound
Chelsea occasionally takes aspirin to relieve a headache. Chelsea is
using an over-the-counter (OTC) drug.
If you are concerned about the costs of health care, which of the following practices should you avoid?
using the emergency room for your routine health care
Which of the following contributed to increased life expectancy in the early twentieth century?
vaccinations and antibiotics
Which of the following is TRUE about the third trimester of pregnancy?
The fetus needs large amounts of calcium, iron, and protein from the mother's diet.
Children raised in dysfunctional families who have experienced violence or abuse may have a harder time adjusting to life and run an increased risk of psychological problems.
True
Current research suggests that being happy or unhappy has no direct effect on mortality.
True
Diabetes can contribute to gum disease.
True
Having a father or brother with prostate cancer more than doubles a man's risk of getting the disease.
True
Health insurance is based on the idea that policyholders pay affordable premiums so they never have to face catastrophic medical bills.
True
In a healthy person, an increase in blood glucose following a carbohydrate-containing meal or snack will result in increased secretion of insulin.
True
In theory, allopathic medicine is based on scientifically validated methods and procedures.
True
Mescaline, in the form of dried peyote buttons, has long been used for religious purposes by people native to the southwestern United States and Latin America.
True
Overseas adoptions can cost $20,000 or more.
True
People with diabetes generally do self-checks to monitor blood sugar throughout the day.
True
Socioeconomic status can have a significant effect on risk for obesity.
True
Some intrauterine contraceptives release small amounts of hormones.
True
Studies associate mindfulness with pain relief.
True
Substance abuse disorders can be easily identified through brief screenings in clinical settings.
True
The right to medical care is recognized by the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
True
Two high-risk behaviors associated with the development of HIV/AIDS are having unprotected sex and sharing needles.
True
Silvio wants to eat a healthy lunch in the college dining hall. Which of the following choices is the BEST thing he can order?
baked potato with salsa
Driving while drowsy is a form of
impaired driving
A primary advantage of the contraceptive sponge is that
it does not require a fitting from a doctor
Hepatitis B can lead to
liver cancer.
A driver is "usually impaired" at a blood alcohol concentration of
0.05 to 0.07 percent.
Which of the following BEST describes the relationship between getting a chill and contracting a cold?
A chill may indirectly increase a person's risk for getting a cold by lowering the immune system's resistance.
When Dirk gets home from a long day of classes, he typically microwaves a frozen meal, eats it in front of the television, and, when he finishes his meal, can't remember having tasted it. Which of the following is most likely true?
Dirk is engaging in mindless eating.
As a student seeking a healthy diet, which of the following tips is NOT recommended when eating fast food?
Eat salads and add all available food options.
Emotional health is the same as intellectual health.
False
Food allergy and food intolerance mean the same thing.
False
One in four new mothers experience postpartum depression.
False
Oral sex carries no risk for STIs.
False
People who exercise regularly experience physical benefits but not psychological benefits.
False
Plantar fasciitis is an inflammation of muscles in the lower back.
False
Sterilization has become the leading method of contraception for women of all ages.
False
The majority of heart arrhythmias result in death.
False
The prevalence of obesity is consistent across all subpopulations in the United States.
False
Which of the following is TRUE regarding homicides in the United States?
Homicides are among the five leading causes of death for persons aged 1 to 44
Kara was tested for diabetes. Her fasting plasma glucose test showed a level of 120 mg/dL. This indicates that
Kara has prediabetes.
Regular aerobic exercise can reduce which type of cholesterol, known as "bad cholesterol"?
LDLs
Which of the following statements about crime in the United States is true?
More than half of all violent victimizations that occur in the United States are not reported to police
Which of the following is TRUE about major depression?
Symptoms include feeling hopeless and difficulty concentrating.
About 36% of college students report having used marijuana in the past year.
True
Not allowing yourself to think about stage fright and focusing only on the content of your speech when preparing for a presentation is an example of
blocking and stopping
Managed care is based on
coordination of health care.
Kurt, who is a vegetarian, had a cheese omelet for lunch. He is a
lacto-ovo-vegetarian.
Once you have identified a target behavior that needs to change, your next step is to
learn more about the behavior, its effects, and possible obstacles.
Marijuana today is
legal for medical purposes in 28 states.
A trait or behavior that a person can actively control, such as eating habits, is a(n)
modifiable determinant.
Type 1 diabetes
most often appears during childhood or adolescence.
Which nicotine replacement product requires a prescription?
nicotine nasal spray
In a clinical trial for a new pain medication, Hayden was given an inactive substance instead of an actual drug. After taking it, however, his headache improved. This resulted from the
placebo effect.
A common ploy used by rapists is to
pose as a police officer or other authority figure
When eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body may begin to obtain fuel from
protein in lean body tissue.
Most commonly, a person diagnosed with social anxiety disorder has a fear of
public events and gatherings
Interpersonal therapy focuses on
social roles and relationships
Liposuction is used to
spot reduce or contour body shape.
Bernard is a strong swimmer, so it's fine for him to
swim parallel to shore in a rip current
A fetus is the term used to describe a conception as of
the third month of pregnancy.
Minerals that the body needs in very small amounts are
trace minerals.
When liquid oils are hydrogenated,
trans fatty acids are produced.
It is wise to deal with being outdoors in cold temperatures by
wearing layered clothing and keeping hydrated.
All of the following are provisions of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) EXCEPT coverage for
young adults on a parent's plan through age 30.
Genevieve was born via gestational surrogacy. Which of the following is true?
A woman was hired to carry the embryo of Genevieve's mother and father to term
Which of the following statements about mindfulness is true?
An essential component of mindfulness is awareness of oneself and one's environment.
Which of the following is a good tip for simple, healthy eating while going to college?
Bring along snacks such as dried fruit, nuts, or a banana.
Which of the following is an FDA-approved prescription weight loss drug?
Contrave
There have been recent reports of date rape drugs being used at campus parties. What should female students do to protect themselves from being the victim of drug-facilitated crimes?
Don't accept open or unsealed drinks and don't leave drinks unattended
A periodontist is a dentist who specializes in alignment of the teeth.
False
Basal metabolic rate is relatively stable throughout life.
False
Cost sharing is one of the mechanisms private health care insurers use to help patients afford coverage.
False
Dietary supplements containing ephedra have dangerous side effects, but are effective in helping people lose weight and keep it off.
False
Vic is taking five classes and working 20 hours a week. He wants to get back into his former running program, but feels too pressed for time. Which of the following strategies might BEST help him overcome this obstacle?
He could read a textbook or listen to a lecture on his MP3 player while jogging on a treadmill.
Before leaving for a party, Kristina took two "100% percent pure caffeine" pills containing 200 mg caffeine each. Which of the following is likely to happen at the party?
Kristina is likely to drink much more heavily than she would have if she had not taken the caffeine pills.
The health insurance program jointly funded by the states and the federal government that provides coverage for low-income individuals and families is
Medicaid
Francisco just found out his HIV test is positive. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
New drug therapies should allow Francisco to significantly slow progression of the disease.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about costs in the U.S. health care system?
New technologies are lowering costs.
Which of the following is TRUE about ethnoviolence and hate crimes?
Prejudice and discrimination are always at the base of hate crimes and ethnoviolence
Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons that prescription drug abuse is so common?
Prescription drugs have few side effects.
Support from others to change a behavior is an example of a(n)
Reinforcing Behavior
Which U.S. Supreme Court decision in 1973 gave women the legal right to an abortion?
Roe v. Wade
Which of the following is FALSE about weight management?
Short-term diets are as effective as long-term behavior modification.
Which of the following is TRUE about teratogenic effects?
These effects can be caused by environmental chemical exposure.
A diabetic who has gastric bypass surgery may eliminate the symptoms of diabetes.
True
A personality trait characterized by control, commitment, and the willingness to embrace new challenges is known as psychological hardiness.
True
About one-third of people who undergo gastric weight-loss surgery with remission of diabetic symptoms relapse within five years.
True
All U.S. patients have the legal right to access their medical records.
True
Being able to perform activities of daily living is an aspect of physical health.
True
All of the following statements about the effects of chronic marijuana use are true EXCEPT:
Vaping marijuana is associated with fewer adverse effects on the lungs than smoking marijuana.
Which of the following is TRUE about women and alcoholism?
Women get addicted faster with less alcohol use than men.
Which of the following symptoms probably does NOT warrant professional medical advice?
You develop a low-grade fever and sore throat.
Which of the following individuals would have the highest risk for developing type 2 diabetes?
a Native American male with a BMI of 30
To ensure its effectiveness, the BEST place to store a condom would be in
a bathroom storage drawer away from sharp objects
Aaron is trying to lose weight but he still wants a beverage while he is studying. A good choice might be
a cup of low-sodium broth.
Garrett became very ill with an E.coli infection while living on his grandfather's dairy farm last summer. He could have been infected in all of the following ways EXCEPT
a mosquito bite.
Fertility awareness methods of birth control include all of the following EXCEPT
abstinence
Young adults (ages 15-24) are most likely to die from
accidents.
Catrina just missed hitting a deer as she was driving along a dark, curving road. She felt her racing heart finally slow down after she pulled off the road and took a few deep breaths. This is an example of a(n)
adaptive response.
Which type of exercise is BEST for improving cardiorespiratory fitness?
aerobic
Eve is always upset about something, and it seems that she is never really happy. Her mental outlook is likely to adversely affect
all six dimensions of her health.
All of the following statements are true about traditional Western medical practice EXCEPT
all treatments have had the benefit of extensive clinical trials.
All of the following statements about methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are true EXCEPT
although it can be acquired in health-care facilities, they are not a common source.
When blood levels of the hormone leptin rise,
appetite levels decrease.
Research suggests that individuals with prediabetes may avoid progressing to diabetes if they lose what percentage of current body weight?
as little as 5 to 7 percent
Suicide prevention techniques include
asking directly if the person intends to hurt himself or herself
Which immune system malfunction occurs when the body develops antibodies that attack its own tissues?
autoimmunity
Greg frequently gets cold sores (caused by HSV-1). He recently noticed that his left eye had a painful lesion, and he immediately made an appointment with his doctor. Greg's eye most likely became infected with the herpes virus when he touched his mouth and shortly afterward rubbed his eye, which is transmission via
autoinoculation.
Preconception health involves all of the following EXCEPT
avoiding food containing folic acid
Melody has been experiencing severe mood swings, feeling highly energized for a period and then experiencing extreme depression. These symptoms are most closely associated with
bipolar disorder
Which of the following characteristics would be consistent with a diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in an adult female?
blood pressure of 155/90
One of the advantages of a single-payer health care system is that it
can achieve lower cost through economies of scale.
A standard rum and cola will be absorbed faster than a 5-ounce glass of wine because
carbonation causes the pyloric valve to relax.
The disruption of which factor results in jet lag?
circadian rhythm
Alicia doesn't eat meat, fish, milk, yogurt, cheese, or eggs. She is making her shopping list for the week and wants to make sure that she buys beans, nuts, grains, and seeds to meet her protein needs. Combining two or more of these plant sources in a meal will provide her with
complementary proteins.
The fertilization of an ovum by a sperm is
conception
When Marlon gets adequate sleep the night before his intramural basketball games, he has more energy and can run faster and perform better. This can be attributed to
conservation of body energy during sleep
The most commonly prescribed therapy for obstructive sleep apnea is
continuous positive airway pressure
Because of a heavy course load and a demanding job, Olivia has been under severe stress this academic year. Which of the following hormones might play a role in increasing Olivia's level of abdominal fat?
cortisol
Drinking games result in the consumption of large quantities of alcohol in a short period of time and have been associated with
death from alcohol poisoning.
The process of freeing the body from an addictive substance is known as
detoxification
Which blood pressure measurement is the lower number that represents the amount of pressure on arterial walls when the heart relaxes?
diastolic
Peter recently ended a relationship when he found out his partner was cheating on him. This probably caused
distress
One problem with the BMI measurement is that it
does not account for varying levels of muscle mass.
The American Academy of Sleep Medicine identifies more than 80 distinct types of
dyssomnia
Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?
easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants
The implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube, is called
ectopic pregnancy
One of the most important goals of Healthy People 2020 is to
eliminate health disparities and improve the health of all population groups.
Intense feelings or patterns of feelings that people experience are
emotions
Of the following lifestyle choices, the MOST helpful for reducing cardiovascular disease risk is to
engage in regular exercise.
An addictive drug produced by fermentation is
ethyl alcohol.
Treatment approaches for college students who develop drug addictions include all of the following approaches EXCEPT
extrasensory perception therapy.
Emotional health can best be described as being able to
feel and express emotions appropriately.
The results from an American College Health Association study indicate that most college students
feel tired or sleepy three or more days a week.
All of the following occur as part of congestive heart failure EXCEPT
fluids cannot reach the legs, ankles, or feet.
All of the following are recommended for avoiding contracting or spreading a respiratory infection EXCEPT
going to work while sick as long as you take medication.
During stage 4, a sleeping person's pituitary gland releases which of the following hormones?
growth hormone
Scott spends most of his weekends either drinking or recovering from drinking, and as a result is unable to keep up with his studying and assignments. Scott
has an alcohol use disorder.
John underwent a body composition test that involved being submerged to compare his underwater weight with land weight to determine his level of body fat. This method of assessment is known as a
hydrostatic weighing.
A state of elevated blood glucose is
hyperglycemia
The process that occurs when fat cells swell and enlarge is
hypertrophy.
Over the last twenty years, the Americans' calorie intake has increased. This is due in part to
increased availability of extremely large serving sizes of foods.
Research has shown that laughter results in all of the following EXCEPT
increased risk of heart disease
Exercise reduces stress primarily by
increasing endorphins and reducing levels of stress hormones.
Two weeks ago your nephew came down with the chickenpox while visiting. Now you have itchy, crusted spots on your arms and you feel terrible. You probably were infected with the chickenpox virus when your nephew was there but did not get sick until now because of the
incubation period.
All of the following points about E. coli 0157:H7 are true EXCEPT that
infection can be serious but is not known to cause deaths.
Which of the following is NOT a bacterial infection or caused by a bacterial infection?
influenza
The ability to think clearly, analyze information, and use one's mental capacity to meet life's challenges is known as
intellectual health.
The six dimensions of health
interact continuously
The primary care practitioner in your campus health clinic has a master's degree and is authorized to perform exams, conduct diagnostic tests, and in some states may also prescribe medications. He is a
nurse practitioner.
Common food allergens include all of the following EXCEPT
oats
How many adult Americans suffer from some type of cardiovascular disease?
one out of three
While hospitalized for severe malnutrition and a debilitating respiratory infection, an elderly patient developed a urinary tract infection. This is an example of a(n)
opportunistic infection.
Stress caused by not being able to accomplish all tasks and obligations in the time available is known as
overload
An optometrist
performs eye exams and prescribes and fits lenses.
Which of the following is a leading cause of disability affecting the extremities, especially in Americans over the age of 65?
peripheral artery disease
Walking to class or up a flight of stairs would be examples of
physical activity.
In preparation for his exam, Juan plans to stay up all night studying. According to research, this strategy will likely result in
reduced cognitive ability
Aspirin is sometimes recommended for reducing the risk of a hear attack because it
reduces the risk of clot formation.
Communication with health care providers can be improved by all of the following EXCEPT
relying on your health care provider for all information on health care issues.
The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food, is the
resting metabolic rate.
The sleep disorder in which a person experiences unpleasant sensations in the legs and an uncontrollable urge to move to relieve the sensations is
restless legs syndrome
In a fitness program, the slogan "use it or lose it" applies to which principle?
reversibility
Having unprotected sex is considered a...
risk behavior
An infection during pregnancy that can cause visual or hearing disorders in the infant is
rubella
Allen has just eaten a large meal and pushes his plate away, unable to eat any more. He is experiencing
satiety
Treating a minor health problem yourself without seeking professional help is
self-care.
Jose's belief that he can successfully pass his biology midterm is an example of
self-efficacy
A person's realistic sense of self-respect or self-worth is referred to as
self-esteem
During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions are monitored by
sensors and electrodes
Pearl confides that, at a frat party, she was forced to have sex and did not consent; this is an example of
sexual assault
Brenda is going on a ski trip over spring break and has 12 weeks to get in shape. She purchased an elliptical trainer and started working out on it for 10 minutes each day. Each week, she will increase her workout by 10 minutes until she can exercise for one hour. If she finds that is too rigorous, she will only add 5 minutes to her workout each week. Which of the following behavior-change techniques is Brenda using to get in shape for her trip?
shaping
HIV can potentially be transmitted through all of the following EXCEPT
sharing food utensils with an infected person.
Which exercise technique involves working to slowly and gradually lengthen a muscle or group of muscles?
static stretching
All of the following medications can cause drowsiness EXCEPT
stimulants
The most well-known symptom of mumps is
swollen salivary glands.
As Joe prepares to spar with a Taekwondo opponent, his heart rate and respiration rate increase. These are indicators that which branch of the nervous system has been activated?
sympathetic
Which STI occurs in stages over a period of years?
syphilis
A false negative pregnancy test may result from
taking the pregnancy test too early in the pregnancy
For an aerobic exercise such as a Latin dance class, which measurement would you use to confirm that you are working at 64 percent to 96 percent of your maximal heart rate for improved cardiorespiratory fitness?
target heart rate
A couple in Central America were dismayed when their baby was born with microcephaly. This birth defect might have resulted from infection with which of the following pathogens?
the Zika virus
When a pregnant woman's water breaks, what is actually happening is that
the amniotic sac breaks
David woke up in the middle of the night because he smelled smoke. This most likely caused him to experience
the flight-or-fight response.
The World Health Organization defines violence as
the intentional use of physical force or power against oneself or another person or group
People with an internal locus of control believe that events turn out as they do based on
their own actions.