Health Review

The ____ sorts is the body's main artery

Aorta

Two main organs of the central nervous system

Brain Spinal cord

Air is passed from the trachea into the lungs though two large tubes called

Bronchi

Skeletal and smooth muscles move when nerve impulses, sent from ? the stimulate the muscle fibers, telling them to either contract or relax.

CNS

Babies that cannot be passed through the birth canal are delivered by ?

Caesarean section

_____ transfer waste-filled blood from tissues into the pulmonary circulation

Capillaries

Exhalation removes ____ from the body

Carbon dioxide

The _____ nervous system receives information from sense organs and analyzed that information

Central

Largest part of the brain

Cerebrum

The respiratory system works with the _____ system to add oxygen to the blood and remove carbon dioxide to the body

Circulatory

_____________ contains information that determines a cell's purpose and function.

DNA

What part of the nervous system controls your internal organs

The autonomic nervous system

The undigested substances are passed out of the body through the ?

anus

The ? skeleton consists of the skull, spine, ribs, and sternum.

axial

The ? skeleton protects the body's vital organs.

axial

There are 206 ______ in the human body.

bones

The basic structural unit of the body is the:

cell

Which tissues connect the parts of the body?

connective

The ? is the inner layer of skin, which contains blood vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles, and nerve cells.

dermis

Which system prepares food for absorption into the bloodstream?

digestive

The ? stores the waste until it is ready to be expelled from the body.

urinary bladder

The female gamete is called a/an ? cell and the male gamete is called a/an ? cell.

egg sperm

After the zygote divides into two cells, it is called an ?

embryo

The ? system regulates the body's metabolism, growth, and functions of the sexual organs.

endocrine

The ? is the outer layer of the skin, which makes the body waterproof, gives it color, and helps to maintain hydration levels.

epidermis

Which kind of tissue is designed to regulate temperature, secrete lubricants, and protect the body from harmful substances?

epithelial

The pharynx forms the food substance into balls and then pushes it into the ?

esophagus

The effort made by the mother's body to move the baby from the uterus and through the birth canal is called ?

labor

The remaining amounts of water, vitamins, and minerals are absorbed in the ?

large intestine

What is a tough, leathery structure for holding a joint together?

ligament

Conception occurs when the ? gamete fertilizes the ? gamete.

male female

Which tissues work together to form muscles?

muscular

Which kind of tissue sends messages from the brain to the rest of the body?

nerve

Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for producing egg cells?

ovaries

After the food has been chewed and lubricated, it is pushed by the tongue into the ?

pharynx

During childhood, ? development is not so rapid as in infancy.

physical

The ability to walk and talk is the result of ? development.

physical and mental

The ? gland controls and regulates all other glands, and it secretes growth hormones.

pituitary

The ? channels the waste-filled blood to the excretory system.

renal artery

The ___________________ in the mouth secrete enzymes which help prepare the food for digestion in the stomach.

salivary glands

The ? secretes salts, acids, and enzymes, which continue the breakdown of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.

small intestine

Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through small finger-like nodules on the wall of the ? called ?.

small intestine villi

Cardiac and ? muscles are types of involuntary muscles.

smooth

While in the ? , food is broken down by powerful acids and turned into chyme.

stomach

The ? excrete(s) excess salts and water.

sweat glands

Groups of organs that work together to complete a process in the body are called:

systems

t/f After birth, babies need the care and love of an adult.

t

t/f Children go through many different types of changes as they develop.

t

Which part of the male reproductive system is responsible for producing sperm cells?

testicles

Which part of the female reproductive system is responsible for protecting and nourishing a developing fetus?

uterus

Skeletal muscles are controlled ?.

voluntarily

Select ALL of the following that are purposes of BOTH the female and male reproductive systems.

to produce reproductive hormones cells to transport reproductive cells

Select all that apply. Which of the following are functions of the skeletal system? to provide the body with a strong and mobile framework to allow the body to move to protect internal organs from sunlight, bacteria, and injury to supply the body with blood cells and minerals

to provide the body with a strong and mobile framework to protect internal organs from sunlight, bacteria, and injury to supply the body with blood cells and minerals

T/F Organs are comprised of tissues that work together to perform a specific bodily function.

T

T/F A neuron transfers information on the form of an electrical impulse

T

Carbon dioxide is removed from the bloodstream by the ___

Lungs

In the immune system, what is responsible for attacking and destroying infected cells?

Lymphocyte

Please match the item on the left with the correct choice on the right. 1. weight bearing activities 2. zygomatic bone 3. helps generate force 4. shortening of muscle fibers 5. top layer of skin 6. helps maintain temperature

1. bone density 2. helps protect the eye 3. levers 4. contraction 5. epidermis 6. dermis

Antibodies are produced by

Lymphocytes

Match the following items. 1. regulates growth hormones 2. regulates blood sugar 3. initiates "fight or flight" reaction 4. regulates body's energy 5. regulates calcium levels in the body 6. produces reproductive cells

1. pituitary gland 2. pancreas 3. adrenal gland 4. thyroid gland 5. parathyroid gland 6. reproductive gland

Most children can understand abstract symbols and solve complex problems by the time they are ? years old.

12

Most infants are able to crawl and speak a few words by the time they are ?

18 months

In which trimester does the following occur? A sac called a placenta forms around the embryo and is connected to the embryo with an umbilical cord.

1st

In which trimester does the following occur? The placenta begins absorbing nutrients and oxygen from the mother's body.

1st

In which trimester does the following occur? Continued development makes movement in the womb possible.

2nd

In which trimester does the following occur? Facial features become apparent.

2nd

Fetal development occurs over _____ trimesters of pregnancy.

3

In which trimester does the following occur? The respiratory system becomes mature.

3rd

How many chromosomes are contained in the nucleus of each cell in the human body?

46

The muscular system is composed of approximately ? skeletal muscles.

600

______ are tiny air sacs through which oxygen and carbon dioxide pass in and out of the bloodstream

Alveoli

Exhalation occurs when the _____ relaxes, causing the lungs to contract

Diaphragm

What type of signal powers our nervous system?

Electro-chemical

The ______ prevents food or liquids from getting into lungs

Epiglottis

T/F Movements occur when the appendicular skeleton works independently of the muscular system.

F

T/F The frontal lobe of the brain is responsible for hearing and vision.

F

The human heart is divided into ____ chambers

Four

The _____ is the main organ of the circulatory system

Heart

The main organ of the respiratory system is the __

Lung

When a response to information is initiated, the _____ nervous system carries the response to the rest of the body

Peripheral

The _____ circulation brings carbon dioxide-filled blood to the lungs

Pulmonary

_______ blood cells being oxygen to cells and take carbon dioxide away

Red

What is the body's first line of defense against bacteria and viruses

Saliva, mucus, and hairs

What part of the nervous system sends system signals to the muscles that are voluntarily controlled

Somatic nervous system

The _____ circulation dispersed oxygen-rich blood throughout the body

Systematic

The circulatory system is divided into two main parts, the _____ circulation and the pulmonary circulation

Systematic

The left side of the heart performs the _____ circulation

Systematic

Which part of the cell is the organelle that functions as its brain?

The nucleus

If foreign substances pass the body's first line of defense and into the bloodstream what happens

They are attacked by lymphocytes

Select all of the following statements that are true about lymph nodes

They are glands They make lymphocytes

Air from the outside is:

Warmed, moistened, and cleaned

Lymphocytes are actually

White blood cells

The period of transition between childhood and adulthood is called:

adolescence

The endocrine system consists of ? that secrete ?into the bloodstream.

glands hormones

The male and female gamete each contribute a ? of the zygote's DNA material.

half

? control(s) the functioning of organs.

hormones

Which system protects the body from harmful bacteria, sunlight, and injury?

integumentary system

? muscles move without conscious control.

involuntary

The ? remove excess water, salts, uric acids, and chemicals from the blood.

kidneys

The main organs of the excretory system are the ?

kidneys