Heart Disease

A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure. The nurse knows that the client has left-sided heart failure when the client makes which statement? A. "I sleep on three pillows each night." B. "My feet are bigger than normal." C. "My pants don't fit around my waist." D. "I don't have the same appetite I used to."

"I sleep on three pillows each night."

The nurse instructs a client with heart failure on restricting sodium in the diet. Which client statement indicates that teaching was effective? A. " I will add a water softener to my water at home" B. "Food prepared at home is saltless unless I add it while cooking" C. "Lemon juice and herbs can be used to replace salt when cooking." D. " canned vegetables have low sodium content

"Lemon juice and herbs can be used to replace salt when cooking."

The nurse recognizes that which laboratory test is a key diagnostic indicator of heart failure? A. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) B. Creatinine C. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) D. Complete blood count (CBC)

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)

A client has been prescribed furosemide 80 mg twice daily. The asymptomatic client begins to have rare premature ventricular contractions followed by runs of bigeminy with stable signs. What action will the nurse perform next? A. Notify the health care provider. B. Check the client's potassium level. C. Calculate the client's intake and output. D. Administer potassium.

Check the client's potassium level.

A client is exhibiting digitalis toxicity. Which of the following medications would the nurse expect to be ordered for this client? A. Digoxin immune FAB B. Ibuprofen C. Warfarin D. Amlodipine

Digoxin immune FAB

The nurse assessing a client with an exacerbation of heart failure identifies which symptom as a cerebrovascular manifestation of heart failure (HF)? A. Tachycardia B. Ascites C. Nocturia D. Dizziness

Dizziness

Which diagnostic study is usually performed to confirm the diagnosis of heart failure? A. Electrocardiogram (ECG) B. Echocardiogram C. Serum electrolytes D. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Echocardiogram

The nurse visits the home of a client with heart failure. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the client's tolerance to activity is deteriorating? A. Fatigue after walking to answer the door B. Weight loss of 0.5 kg (1.1 lbs.) C. Bilateral lower extremity edema +1 D. Needs to use a scooter for shopping

Fatigue after walking to answer the door

Which medication is categorized as a loop diuretic? A. Chlorothiazide B. Chlorthalidone C. Spironolactone D. Furosemide

Furosemide

The pathophysiology of pericardial effusion is associated with all of the following except A. Increased right and left ventricular end-diastolic pressures. B. Atrial compression. C. Increased venous return. D. Inability of the ventricles to fill adequately.

Increased venous return.

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with heart failure preparing to leave the following day. What type of diet should the nurse request the dietitian to discuss with the client? A. Low-fat diet B. Low-potassium diet C. Low-cholesterol diet D. Low-sodium diet

Low-sodium diet

A client is admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of heart failure. The client is exhibiting symptoms of weakness, ascites, weight gain, and jugular vein distention. The nurse would know that the client is exhibiting signs of what kind of heart failure? A. Left-sided heart failure B. Chronic heart failure C. Acute heart failure D. Right-sided heart failure

Right-sided heart failure

Which is a potassium-sparing diuretic used in the treatment of heart failure? A. Spironolactone B. Bumetanide C. Chlorothiazide D. Ethacrynic acid

Spironolactone

A nurse is teaching a client about heart failure. What will the nurse explain is causing the heart to fail? A. The heart cannot pump sufficient blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. B. the heart is pumping too fast to adequately meet the body's metabolic needs C. the heart is pumping too slow to disseminate nutrients to the body D. the heart is fibrillating

The heart cannot pump sufficient blood to meet the body's metabolic needs.

A client is at risk for excess fluid volume. Which nursing intervention ensures the most accurate monitoring of the client's fluid status? A. measuring and recoding fluid intake and output B. Weighing the client daily at the same time each day C. Assessing the client's vital signs every 4 hours D. Checking the clients lungs for crackles during every shift

Weighing the client daily at the same time each day

A nurse caring for a client recently admitted to the ICU observes the client coughing up large amounts of pink, frothy sputum. Lung auscultation reveals coarse crackles in the lower lobes bilaterally. Based on this assessment, the nurse recognizes this client is developing A. decompensated heart failure with pulmonary edema. B. bilateral pneumonia. C. acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. D. tuberculosis.

decompensated heart failure with pulmonary edema.

A client asks the nurse if systolic heart failure will affect any other body function. What body system response correlates with systolic heart failure (HF)? A. decrease in renal perfusion B. increased blood volume ejected from ventricle C. vasodilation of skin D. dehydration

decrease in renal perfusion Explanation: A decrease in renal perfusion due to low cardiac output (CO) and vasoconstriction causes the release of renin by the kidney. Systolic HF results in decreased blood volume being ejected from the ventricle.

Frequently, what is the earliest symptom of left-sided heart failure? A. dyspnea on exertion B. anxiety C. confusion D. chest pain

dyspnea on exertion

A nurse suspects that a client has digoxin toxicity. The nurse should assess for: A. hearing loss. B. vision changes. C. decreased urine output. D. gait instability.

vision changes.