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Why did the English settle in North America?

The English hoped to profit from resources found in America.

cash crop

farm crop raised to be sold for money

Subsistence farming

farming that generally produced just enough to meet their family's' needs, with a little left over to sell or exchange

slave code

las passed in the Southern states that controlled and restricted enslaved people

Navigation Acts

only allowed the colonists to trade with England

Glorious Revolution

when King James II was overthrown by his daughter, Mary, and her husband, William of Orange

Middle Passage

when young African Americans were shipped to the West Indies.

How and why did the Southern Colonies grow?

Maryland - established as a safe place for Catholics; land granted to English aristocrats and other settlers; enslaved Africans and indentured servants imported to work on plantations Virginia - settlers pushed west into Native American lands; Bacon led rebellion to open more lands for settlement Carolinas - proprietary colony; split into two royal colonies; produced tobacco, timber, tar, rice, and indigo Georgia - began as place for debtors and poor people and as military barrier against Spanish expansion; colony attracted poor people and religious refugees; slow growth led proprietors to return colony to the king

How did the Middle Colonies develop?

New York - thriving Dutch colony seized by English; major port; proprietary colony; diverse population New Jersey - piece of New York given to other proprietors; land and freedoms offered to attract settlers; diverse population; lacked major port so less profitable; became royal colony Pennsylvania - established under Quaker ideals; welcomed diverse immigrants; constitution; elected legislature Delaware - lower part of Pennsylvania settled by Swedes; allowed to function as separate colony

Why did the Separatists and Puritans leave England and settle in North America?

Separatists - escape persecution but maintain their religious values and English way of life Puritans - escape persecution and establish a new society based on their religious beliefs

Enlightenment

a movement where science came into the colonies to better society

overseer

a person who supervises a large operation or its workers

Tidewater

a region of flat, low-lying plains along the seacoast

backcountry

a region of hills and forests west of the Tidewater

Great Awakening

a religious revival throughout the colonies from the 1720s to the 1740s

triangular trade

a trade that made a triangle between the Colonies, Africa, and Great Britain

Olaudah Equiano

a young African American who was forced onto a ship to America