HIST 1112 Final Exam Quiz Reviews

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The majority of the Jewish population in Granada was forced to emigrate by

1492

By the second half of the sixteenth century, the Ottoman Empire was a vast multiethnic and multireligious state of some ________ inhabitants.

15 million

Martin Luther protested the sale of indulgences in _______ with 95 theses addressed to his archbishop

1517

Of the approximately 144,000 estimated Native Americans in New England in 1600, fewer than 15,000 remained by

1620

By some estimates, there were more ________ slave uprisings involving 10 or more slaves during the four centuries of Atlantic slavery.

250

In many places, the _______ -mile Incan road network still exists today

25000

An estimated _______ Spaniards emigrated from Europe to the Americas between 1500 and 1800.

300000

With _________ inhabitants in the sixteenth century, the capital of Kongo, M'banza, was comparable in size to many European cities at the time.

60,000

All of the following are true for the use of quipu by the Incas except

700 of them have been deciphered and translated

The most prominent of the small Maya states, Chichen Itza in the northern lowlands, flourished from about

850 to 1000

Tenochtitlan was

A city established one of the islands in the Valley of Mexico

Pulque was

A fermented drink made from the pulp of the maguey plant

The Jewish community of _________ exocommunicated Baruch Spinoza for heresy, since he seemed to make God immanent in the world.

Amsterdam

Potable water was made available in Tenochtitlan by means of

An aqueduct that arrived on one of the western causeways

In "chattel" slavery, the slave is, in legal terms:

An item of moveable personal property

It is possible that imperial propaganda machines in the Aztec and Inca empires, similar to those of the _______ and Mongols in Eurasia, attempted to intimidate their enemies through tales of brutal treatment

Assyrians

A mathematician and assitant of Galileo, Evangelista Torricelli experimented with mercury-filled tubes to lay the groundwork for the first

Barometer

On St. ________'s Day in August 1572, the Catholic king and aristocracy of France perpetraded a wholesale slaughter of thousands of Huguenots.

Bartholomew

The ruler Ewuare was the first to rise to dominance over chiefs (azuma) and assume the title of the king (obo) over

Benin

From the middle of the seventeenth century, the pueblos de indios were fully functional, self-administering units, with councils (________), churches, schools, communal lands, and family parcels.

Cabildos

Acquiring wealth with the help of money and thereby perhaps gaining a glimpse of one's fate became one of the hallmarks of

Calvinism

________ inherited Habsburg territories throughout Europe and the Inca and Aztec Empires in the Americas when he became Emporer in 1516.

Charles V

Aztec farmers constructed soil islands in Lake Texcoco called _________ and grew corn, beans, squash, and other vegetables on them.

Chinampas

In his preface, Cervantes claimed he had written Don Quixote of La Mancha to "ridicule the absurdity" of notions of

Chivalry

The Ottomans benefited from the trade of a new commodity, _______ which was produced in Ethiopia and Yemen.

Coffee

The southern Peruvian city-state of ________, with its Inca elite, emerged in the early fifthteenth century at the head of a highly militaristic, conquering polity

Cuzco

Coffeehouses allowed the literate urban public to meet, read ________, and exchange ideas

Daily newspapers

As part of the African _______, Africans moved to nearly all parts of the Americas primarily as a result of the transatlantic slave trade.

Diaspora

The Columbian Exchange characterizes the transfer of plants, animals, and ________ between the Americas and the rest of the world.

Diseases

Spain refused to recognize the "United Provinces of the ________ Republic" until 1648.

Dutch

The Spanish quest for the mythical ________ or "golden city" was fruitless.

El Dorado

By means of land-labor grants called _______, Spanish entrepreneurs were entitled to use forced indigenous or imported slave labor to exploit natural resources in the New World.

Encomiendas

To support the mining centers and administrative cities, the Spanish colonial government ________ the development of agricultural estates (haciendas).

Encouraged

The "conquistadors" Francisco Pizarro, Hernan Cortes, and Alonso Ortiz all originated in the Spanish region of

Estremadura

Around 1750, there were about 10,000 Boers (Dutch for "_______") in the Cape Colony, easily outnumbered by slaves.

Farmers

In Tiwanaku society, llamas were used as transportation animals and as a

Food source

After selection for the service, an Incan female would generally spend _______ years within the "Houses of Chosen Women."

Four

"Renaissance" thinkers and artists considered their period a time of "rebirth" (the literal meaning of the word in the ________ language)

French

Because ________ universities and scientific academies refused to admit women, in contrast to their counterparts in other countries, the salon became a bastion of well-placed and respected female scholars.

French

The most successful ________ settlement in North America was in the subtropical district at the mouth of the Mississippi River in what is now Louisiana, where some 300 settlers and 4000 African slaves founded sugar plantations.

French

Despite his appearance in the city in 1536, it was well into the 1550s before John Calvin's form of Protestantism prevailed in

Geneva

After the defeat of the Songhay, much of the trans-Saharan gold trade was siphoned off by the Portuguese on what became known as the Gold Coast (modern ________).

Ghana

Brazil produced a total of 1000 tons of _________ in the eighteenth century, a welcome bonanza for Portugal at a time of low agricultural prices.

Gold

Humanism was an intellectual movement focused on human culture, in such fields as philosophy, philology, and literature, based on the corpus of ____________ texts.

Greek and Roman

A Native American reported an appearance of Our Lady of _______ in 1531, in a place where the native goddess Tonantzin used to be venerated.

Guadalupe

By the early seventeenth century, a powerful elite of Spanish who _______, called Creoles, was in place to assist the Spanish adminstrators.

Had been born in the Americas

Beginning in the 1900s and on the basis of the study of terra preta, scholars proposed that indigenous peoples in the Amazonian rainforests:

Had employed slash and char techniques, reducing trees to nutrient-rich charcoal

In the 15th century, more than _______ of the people in the Mexican Basic lived in cities like Tenochtitlan

Half

_________ was the first institution of higher learning in North America, devoted to teaching the "correct" balanced Calvinist Protestanism.

Harvard College

Although they were under frequent attack by Songhay and Kanem-Bornu during the period 1500-1800, the ______ kingdoms enjoyed periods of independence during which many of the ruling clans converted to Islam.

Hausa

An expedition sent out the Portuguese king ________ the Navigator captured the city of Ceuta on the North African coast in 1415.

Henry

Leading a motley force of about 530 Spanish men, ________ defeated a much larger indigenous force at Tabasco in 1518.

Hernan Cortes

A member of the ________ family of rulers, Frederick II "the Great" of Prussia enlarged his army and pursued an aggressive foreign policy.

Hohenzollern

The unequal relations between Tutsi cattle breeders and ________ farmers froze into a caste system during the nineteenth-century colonial occupation.

Hutu

Barbados was settled initially in 1672 by English planters, who grew tobacco, cotton, indigo, and ginger, employing English and Irish ___________.

Indentured laborers

In 1498, the king of Portugal sent Vasco de Gama on a voyage to

India

As a proponent of Copernican heliocentrism, Galileo seemed to contradict the passage in the Hebrew Bible's Book of __________, in which God stops the sun in the sky for a day

Joshua

Copernicus began his studies at the University of _______, the only eastern European school to offer courses in astronomy

Krakow

After being kidnapped by Christian pirates, Al-Hasan Ibn Muhammad al-Wazzan was baptized under the name of Pope

Leo X

Fought in the Eastern Mediterranean in 1571, the Christians won the Battle of ______ thanks to their superior naval tactics.

Lepanto

Having laid waste to Cuzco, Pizarro founded a new Andean capital at ______ in 1535.

Lima

The protolan (nautical chart) drawn by Pedro Reinel is the earliest known map to include

Lines of latitude

By the late 13th and early 14th centuries, native shipwrights and their teachers from Genoa teamed up in the port of ________ to develop new ships suited to the stormy Atlantic.

Lisbon

In 1649, a group of 70 mostly landless farmers and day laborers occupied "common" land about 25 miles south of ________ and set up a communal farm there.

London

Despite the appearance of his beaming benevolence at Versailles, the "absolutist" rule of _______ was a complex mixture of centralized and decentralized forces.

Louis XIV

The main goal of Gustavus II Adolphus's intervention in the Thirty Years' War was the creation of a Swedish- ________ centralized state around the Baltic Sea.

Lutheran

The El Escorial palace complex was built by Juan Bautista de Toledo in

Madrid

Isaac Newton's __________ Principles of Natural Philosophy, published in 1687, was the towering achievement of the New Sciences.

Mathematical

Toward the first half of the fifteenth century, the Ottoman sultans equipped their Janissaries with cannons and

Muskets

Around 900, migrants speaking the language _______ arrived in the vicinity of the collasped Teotihuacan.

Nahuatl

Juana Ines de la Cruz secretly studied Latin, Greek, and ________ in her maternal grandfather's library.

Nahuatl

The resourceful Queen ________ of Ndongo sometimes negotiated with the Portuguese and fought guerilla campaigns against them at others.

Nzinga

The Aztecs created an imperial polity from the Pacific to the Gulf, from Tarasco 200 miles to the northwest, to _______, over 500 miles to the south

Oaxaca

The chacmool, or _______, can be found in several Mesoamerican sites, as far north as Tenochtitlan and Tula

Offering table

The memoir of the former slave and abolitionist _________ would help push the movement of liberating slaves forward in the nineteenth century.

Olaudah Equiano

In the course of his 14th-century journeys, Ibn Battuta passed through western Anatolia and Constantinople and was impressed by the rising power of the

Ottomans

Privateers were individual entrepreneurs who were virtually indistinguishable from:

Pirates

"Auto-da-fe" means "act of faith" in the ________ language.

Portuguese

Between 1434 and 1472, through a combination of private and public expeditions, ________ mariners explored the African coast as far as east as the Bight of Benin.

Portuguese

Toward the middle of the fifthteenth century, Aztec rulers set up a military school system for the sons of the elite plus those commoners who were to become

Priests

The term "casta" originiated in the desire of the Iberian and Creole settlers to draw distinctions among degrees of

Racial mixture

In the 1540s the Spanish government introduced _______ called repartimientos, which was a continuation of the mit'a system devised by the Inca for taxation

Rotating labor assignments

The Danish mariner Peter von Sivers rose to the position of admiral in the _______ fleet.

Russian

In the 1440s, Portuguese mariners raided the West African coast in the _______ region for slaves.

Senegambia

After staying three months on the first Bahaman Island he found, Christopher Columbus returned to Iberia with _______ and a small quantity of gold

Seven captured Caribbean islanders

The Karagoz was a

Shadow puppet theater

The Shehzade and Suleymaniye mosques in Istanbul and the Selimiye mosque in Edirne was designed by

Sinan

Stationary theaters with stages, main floors, balconies, and boxes appeared in the main cities of Spain during the _______ century.

Sixteenth

The final provinces added to the Inca empire, in the _______ century, were in northern Ecuador as well as on the eastern slopes of the Andes

Sixteenth

Portuguese colonial cities and Jesuits repeatedly clashed over the ________ of the "pioneers" (bandeirantes) into the Brazilian interior.

Slave raids

In the seventeenth century, the process of manumission was:

Sometimes followed by the freedman's acquisition of his own slaves

An example of a Creole language that has survived for centuries is Gullah, used by the isolated communities along the coastal islands of Georgia and _________.

South Carolina

_______ was the only North American colony, and later state, in which African Americans outnumbered those of European descent.

South Carolina

The Pueblo cultures, in today's _______ were based on sophisticated irrigated farming systems and are known for their distinctive painted pottery styles

Southwestern United States

Mercantilist economy theory dictates that:

States should keep their economies blocked off from competitors and import as little and export as much as possible

When the city of ______ was captured in November 1519, the emperor Moctezuma II was forced to swear allegiance to Emperor Charles V.

Tenochtitlan

Growing to a city of 30000 inhabitants by the seventh century, Wari enlarged its agricultural base through the expansion of

Terrace farming

Under Suleyman "the Magnificent" most of the Janissaries were stationed in barracks in and near the

Topkapi Palace

The Atlantic system or the "_________" trade connected the American colonies with Africa and Europe.

Triangular

Mehmet II beseiged and conquered Constantinople within ______ in 1453

Two months


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