HIST 1302 - Chapter 29

Which of the following statements accurately describes an effect of the Tonkin Gulf resolution? Because it was in response to a Viet Cong attack upon an American military base, members of the American military quickly became experts in guerrilla warfare. Because the resolution deeply divided Congress and almost failed to pass, Johnson took great caution and deferred to Congress for other military decisions. Because nearly all senators supported the resolution, Johnson took their approval as reason to use the resolution as a substitute for a declaration of war. Because the resolution authorized American naval aggression off the coast of North Vietnam, the war was soon limited only to a northern front.

Because nearly all senators supported the resolution, Johnson took their approval as reason to use the resolution as a substitute for a declaration of war.

What obstacles did John F. Kennedy face in terms of enacting his domestic programs? Congress was unwilling to fund space exploration efforts and, thus, the president turned solely to private corporations for such funding. Brown v. Board of Education had been so successful at ending racial segregation on its own that the president's efforts were deemed ineffective. Conservative southern Democrats joined with Republicans in blocking efforts such as those to increase federal aid to education. The American space program had peaked too early by launching the first-ever manned space flight and quickly fell behind the Soviet program.

Conservative southern Democrats joined with Republicans in blocking efforts such as those to increase federal aid to education.

True or False: By 1966, Martin Luther King Jr. had become a leading spokesman for "black power."

False

True or False: Congress narrowly defeated President Johnson's request in 1964 for authorization to "take all necessary measures" to prevent further aggression in Vietnam.

False

True or False: From the beginning of his presidency, Kennedy vigorously supported black civil rights.

False

True or False: Lyndon B. Johnson appealed to what he described as the "silent majority" of Americans when he campaigned for the presidency in 1968.

False

Which of the following accurately describes Richard Nixon in the years leading up to the 1960 presidential election? He had no political experience when he ran for president, which gave most voters reservations. He had a reputation for hardline anti-communism and a tendency to conceal his real ideas. He, like John F. Kennedy, came from a wealthy family and relied on his father's political guidance. He had a close relationship with Eisenhower, which ultimately damaged his presidential prospects. He was far better at maintaining outward appearances and giving warm speeches than working on policy.

He had a reputation for hardline anti-communism and a tendency to conceal his real ideas.

Which of the following statements accurately describes Lyndon Johnson? He, like Kennedy, refused to have extramarital affairs with women. He cared little in regard to civil rights because it would not help him politically. He was humble and had no intention of creating new programs upon taking office. He, like Kennedy, had been born into wealth and privilege. He yearned to be recognized as a transformational leader.

He yearned to be recognized as a transformational leader.

Which of the following is true of the Cuban missile crisis? It led to a U.S.-backed invasion of Cuba. It showed Kennedy's tendency to back down in a tense confrontation. It marked the end of the cold war. It brought the United States and the Soviet Union close to nuclear war. It saw the United States destroy some missile sites with precise air strikes.

It brought the United States and the Soviet Union close to nuclear war.

In retrospect, what was an effect of Johnson's approach to addressing poverty in the United States? It lowered the cost of medical bills due to Medicare's focus on cost incentives for hospitals. It generated middle-class resentment that benefited the Republican party. It kept the United States from devoting sufficient funds to the war in Vietnam. It had practically no effect on poverty levels, beneficial or otherwise. It inadvertently led to an increase in infant mortality and malnutrition.

It generated middle-class resentment that benefited the Republican party.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the state of South Vietnam in the weeks before John F. Kennedy's assassination? Kennedy was more confident than ever in the abilities of South Vietnamese rebel generals to prevent the spread of communism because they had followed his orders to murder Diem. A massive war had erupted involving the South Vietnamese government, the Soviets, the Americans, and the French, as all vied for control over the region. South Vietnam was essentially an American colony, and despite doubts in the U.S. ability to prop up the South Vietnamese government, Kennedy reiterated his adherence to the domino theory. Kennedy had withdrawn all U.S. troops and cut off all financial support from the South Vietnamese government because he believed it was faring far better than it had under Diem.

South Vietnam was essentially an American colony, and despite doubts in the U.S. ability to prop up the South Vietnamese government, Kennedy reiterated his adherence to the domino theory.

What was the idea behind the New Frontier according to John F. Kennedy? Eisenhower had already served as a trailblazer and set most of Kennedy's proposed policies in motion in such a way that Kennedy felt they were America's for the taking. The term called to mind pioneer times in America and, thus, encapsulated Kennedy's strong preference for domestic over foreign issues and reluctance to become very involved abroad. The metaphor lent itself to Kennedy's intentions for America to explore science and space, embark on issues of poverty and surplus, and be more aggressive in waging the cold war than Eisenhower. The United States, Kennedy believed, was destined to finally become a transcontinental power that would soon pursue colonialism on the world stage, especially in Latin America and Africa.

The metaphor lent itself to Kennedy's intentions for America to explore science and space, embark on issues of poverty and surplus, and be more aggressive in waging the cold war than Eisenhower.

True or False: Barry Goldwater said, "Extremism in the defense of liberty is no vice."

True

True or False: Johnson's Great Society programs helped reduce the number of people living in poverty, but did so by providing payments rather than jobs.

True

True or False: Richard Nixon violated the Logan Act in order to aid his campaign for the presidency in 1968.

True

In part because of the Black Power movement, by the mid-1960s, Martin Luther King Jr. had decided to emphasize the need for economic uplift for the black urban poor. adopt much of the rhetoric and tactics of militancy. retire so that younger leaders could move to the forefront. focus on his opposition to the war in Vietnam. declare that the fight for black equality was largely won.

emphasize the need for economic uplift for the black urban poor.

Michael Harrington's book The Other America influenced President Johnson to declare war on racism. teen pregnancy. illegal aliens. poverty. drugs.

poverty.

What did President Johnson label his overall program of domestic reform? the True Deal the New Frontier the New Beginning the Great Society the New America

the Great Society

Violence erupted in 1962 when James Meredith attempted to integrate the University of Alabama. Louisiana State University. the Georgia Institute of Technology. the University of Mississippi. Texas A&M University.

the University of Mississippi.

What protest tactic did black students in Greensboro, North Carolina initiate? the sit-in the occupation of campus administration buildings the March on Washington street theater the freedom ride

the sit-in