HIST-1700 Final Study Guide

March to the Sea

"modern war"

the compromise of 1850

(1) California admitted as free state, (2) territorial status and popular sovereignty of Utah and New Mexico, (3) resolution of Texas-New Mexico boundaries, (4) federal assumption of Texas debt, (5) slave trade abolished in DC, and (6) new fugitive slave law; advocated by Henry Clay and Stephen A. Douglas

Battle of Midway

1942 World War II battle between the United States and Japan, a turning point in the war in the Pacific

Gilded Age

A name for the late 1800s, coined by Mark Twain to describe the tremendous increase in wealth caused by the industrial age and the ostentatious lifestyles it allowed the very rich. The great industrial success of the U.S. and the fabulous lifestyles of the wealthy hid the many social problems of the time, including a high poverty rate, a high crime rate, and corruption in the government.

The Manhattan Project

A secret U.S. project for the construction of the atomic bomb.

first impeached president

Andrew Johnson

In the first half of the nineteenth century, the United States gained the most territory through...?

Annexation

General lee surrendered to general grant

Appomattox Court House, Virginia

Picture Brides

Asian women in marriages arranged by a broker

John Wilkes Booth

Assassinated Abraham Lincoln

September 17, 1862 "Bloodiest Singe Day"

Battle of Antietam

When assessing the impeachment of Andrew Jackson, what can be determined about the issue?

Both Congress and the president accused the other of unconstitutional acts.

Rockefeller

Captain of industry that created a monopoly in oil refineries

First Immigration law

Chinese Exclusion Act

the 15th amendment

Citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude

the 14th amendment

Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws

What taste of freedom did women enjoy in World War II?

Doing mens jobs/ financial freedom

The Jungle by Upton Sinclair

Exposed the horrible, unsanitary conditions in the meatpacking industry. Example of muckraking.

T or F? Jews were the only people affected by the Holocausts

False

The poverty rate for families...?

Fell during the 1950s

The 19th amendment

Gave women the right to vote

During the Allied occupation of Japan, ______________ introduced reforms designed to convert Japan into a democratic country.

General Douglas A. MacArthur,

First African American senator

Hiram Revels

In what way was Reconstruction policy a success?

It established an amendment promising equal protection for all

President of the Confederacy

Jefferson Davis

Black Codes

Laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves; passed by southern states following the Civil War

Reason for D-Day Invasion

Liberate western Europe

By 1880...?

Majority of Americans worked in non-farm activities.

Causes of WWI

Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism

Freedmen's Bureau

Organization run by the army to care for and protect southern Blacks after the Civil War

Chinese Immigrants

Played an important role in completion of the Transcontinental Railroad

How could have corporations done to prevent the great depression?

Preventing the collapse of the banking system or by counteracting the collapse with an expansion of the monetary base

What trends of the 1920s did fundamentalists support?

Prohibition

What sentiments did the KKK express?

Racism, anti-Semitism, anti-Catholicism, and nativism.

The New Deal for Native Americans...?

Resulted in a series of forced assimilations.

National Conscription Law

Rich people could buy their way out of draft by hiring a sub for $300

First state to secede

South Carolina in 1860

Dred Scott Decision

Supreme Court ruling that declared slaves were not viewed as citizens but as property

What was the Vicksburg essential?

The capture of Vicksburg was essential to the Union's overall strategy of splitting the Confederacy in two and cutting off its supply lines. Vicksburg was the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River, and its capture would give the Union control of the river from its source in Minnesota all the way to the Gulf of Mexico, effectively dividing the Confederacy in two.

What inspiration did Martin Luther King Jr. gain from Mahatma Gandhi?

The idea of non-violence

The idea that change comes slowly can be evidenced by which event in reconstruction?

The passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1866

immigration push factors

The reasons that immigrants desire to leave their home country. Most common reasons are due to a lack of job/education opportunities or political/religious oppression or war.

Lincoln used the ______________ to communicate with his generals and other officers to keep tabs on what was going on at the battlefront.

The telegraph

What typically triggered the lynch violence of southern white mobs?

The victims alleged sexual conduct.

What did the members of the New United Nations Security Council all have in common?

They all have suffered the least casualties and financial losses during the war.

Treaty of Versailles

Treaty that ended WW I. It blamed Germany for WW I and handed down harsh punishment.

Abraham Lincoln

Was elected President in 1860, without any southern electoral votes.

The Marshall Plan...?

Was not very successful.

The scale of Civil War bloodshed was comparable to that of which other conflict?

World War I

What is totalitarianism?

a government that takes total, centralized, state control over every aspect of public and private life

Kansas-Nebraska Act

a law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery

Wade-Davis Bill

an 1864 plan for Reconstruction that denied the right to vote or hold office for anyone who had fought for the Confederacy...Lincoln refused to sign this bill thinking it was too harsh.

The America First Committee...?

campaigned for Americans to be the first to go to war against Nazi Germany.

Empancipation Proclamation

declaration issued by Lincoln in 1863, stating that all slaves in the confederate states were free

Nativism

favoring the interests of native-born people over foreign-born people

What was ironic about the election of Andrew Johnson?

he was a Southern Democrat who had remained loyal to the Union during the Civil War,

What would John Winthrop most likely criticize about antebellum America?

he would have had concerns about some of the moral and social issues that were present during that time.

During the 1920s,...

labor lost over 2 million members.

Immigration Pull Factors

political freedom, economic opportunities, religious freedom

Lincoln's hidden weapon

railroad

the 13th amendment outlawed

slavery

Holocaust

the Nazi program of exterminating Jews under Hitler