Hist ch8-23

Ottoman reformers launched a series of radical reforms in the nineteenth century known as the _______________

Tanzimat

How did Louis Napoleon believe that the people should be represented in government? (By _______________)

a strong national leader whose reforms would aid all the people

What was the first and most important of the Great Reforms in Russia?

abolition and serfdom

In On the Inequality of the Human Races (1854), Count Arthur de Gobineau divided humanity into the white, black, and yellow races and _______________

championed the "Aryan race" for its supposedly superior qualities

After the Franco-Prussian War, Prussia _______________

imposed a harsh peace on France

What was the greatest impediment to nation building in the United States?

regional differences exacerbated by slavery

What effect did the Dreyfus affair have on late nineteenth-century France?

it revived republican distrust of Catholicism

Unlike the other political parties, Marxist socialists _______________

organized themselves into an international organization

In nineteenth-century Italy, Giuseppe Garibaldi was a _______________

romantic nationalist

Who was Theodore Herzl?

the founder of the Zionist Jewish national movement