HIST2620 Chapter 16

Which census revealed for the first time that there were more non-farming jobs than farming jobs in the United States?

1880

According to Social Darwinism, government should seek to help the poor, and build an activist state to regulate the nation's corporations.

False

At the Battle of Little Big Horn, General George Armstrong Custer's troops were victorious.

False

Compared to other religions expanding to the West, the Mormon experience was relatively peaceful and the community accepting

False

In the late 1800s, Protestants attempted reforms to "stamp out sin," yet were tolerant of businesses opening on Sundays.

False

The Social Gospel movement concentrated on attacking individual sins such as drinking and Sabbath-breaking and saw nothing immoral about the pursuit of riches.

False

The West was a remarkably homogeneous region—only in the twentieth century would it become ethnically diverse.

False

The new American Indian groups that migrated to the Great Plains were greeted with open arms and friendly words by the Indians already living there.

False

In the late nineteenth century, the Republican Party found particularly strong support among all of the following except

Irish Americans.

What was the name of the organization that sought to organize both skilled and unskilled workers, women as well as men, blacks along with whites, and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886?

Knights of Labor

The new agricultural empire producing wheat and corn for national and international markets arose on the

Middle Border.

All of the following were "captains of industry" except

Samuel Gompers.

Which of the following was John D. Rockefeller's company?

Standard Oil Company

The poem by Emma Lazarus including "huddled masses yearning to breathe free" is located on which American landmark?

Statue of Liberty

"Vertical integration" is defined as one company controlling every phase of the business from raw materials to transportation, manufacturing, and distribution.

True

By 1880, persons of Chinese descent made up over half of California's farm workers.

True

By 1890, the vast majority of the remaining Indian population had been removed to reservations scattered across the western states.

True

By the early 1890s, a pension system for Union soldiers, their widows, and children consumed more than 40 percent of the federal budget.

True

In setting out to destroy the Indian economy and way of life, Civil War veterans almost decimated the buffalo population.

True

On December 29, 1890, soldiers killed between 150 and 200 American Indians, mostly women and children, near Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota.

True

The Civil Service Act of 1883 marked the first step in establishing a professional civil service and removing office-holding from the hands of political machines.

True

The Haymarket Affair resulted in the hanging of four convicted anarchists.

True

The Knights of Labor regarded inequalities of wealth and power as a growing threat to American democracy.

True

The first national labor walkout occurred in 1877 and was the Great Railroad Strike.

True

In 1879, for the first time since the Civil War, the United States departed from the gold standard.

True False

The political "boss" of New York City in the early 1870s was

William M. Tweed.

The event marking the end of four centuries of armed conflict between the continent's native population and European settlers and their descendants was called

Wounded Knee

In the era from 1870 to 1890, the label "the Gilded Age" originally derived from

a derogatory name from literature meaning covered with gold but what lies beneath is of little value.

Which of the following best describes the "Ghost Dance"?

a pan-Indian movement which involved singing, dancing, and religious observances believed to be reminiscent of earlier prophets

The United States underwent one of the most rapid and profound economic revolutions any country has ever experienced. Which of the following is a major factor?

abundant natural resources

William "Buffalo Bill" Cody was

an entertainer who had a traveling show showcasing reenactments of battles with Indians.

In the late 1800s, this geographic area experienced the most dramatic growth in capitalism.

land west of the Mississippi River

The 1887 Dawes Act

led to the loss of tribal lands and the erosion of Indian cultural traditions.

By 1913, the United States produced how much of the world's industrial output?

one-third

The Bureau of Indian Affairs established boarding schools for the purpose of

removing Indian children from their parents and tribes and assimilating them into "white ways."

The belief that private control of economic enterprises should be replaced by government ownership in order to ensure a fairer distribution of the benefits of the wealth produced is called

socialism.

In which industry did Andrew Carnegie make his fortune?

steel

The industrial revolution in the United States took place principally in

the North and the Midwest.

The spirit of innovation contributed to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century. Which of the following was not an innovation of the 1870s and 1880s?

the airplane

Legal devices whereby the affairs of several rival companies were managed by a single director are called

trusts.