HIST2620 Chapter 27

President Clinton modified the military's strict ban on gay soldiers, instituting a policy, _______________, by which officers would not seek out gays for dismissal from the armed forces.

"Don't ask, don't tell"

During what years did the Berlin Wall, the most prominent symbol of the Cold War, divide East and West Berlin?

1961-1989

The collapse of communism in the Soviet Union and eastern Europe occurred during what years?

1989-1991

In what year did the Soviet Union cease to exist and, in its place, fifteen new independent nations arise?

1991

By the year 2000, and in 2010, what percentage of all marriages ended in divorce?

50%

Who won the popular vote in the presidential election of 2000?

Al Gore c.

What is the name of the terrorist organization responsible for the attacks of September 11, 2001, that killed nearly 3,000 Americans?

Al Qaeda

Who was the African-American chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff who, in the early 1990s, argued that the United States should not commit its troops abroad without clear objectives and a timetable for withdrawal?

Colin Powell

In 1994, the Republican Party won control of both houses of Congress for the first time since the 1950s; they proclaimed their triumph the "Freedom Revolution," and Newt Gingrich, a conservative congressman from Georgia, masterminded their platform, which was called the

Contract with America.

Which U.S. president first spoke of the coming of a "new world order"?

George H. W. Bush

Many stock frauds stemmed from the repeal of this piece of legislation from 1999, a New Deal measure that separated commercial banks (which accept deposits and make loans) from investment banks (which invest in stocks and real estate and take larger risks).

Glass-Steagall Act

This first female attorney general, __________, was appointed by President Clinton.

Janet Reno

In February 1991, the United States launched Operation Desert Storm as part of the Gulf War and quickly drove the Iraqi army from what country?

Kuwait

Who was the leader of Al Qaeda in 2001?

Osama bin Laden

The first time Israel formally recognized the legitimacy of the Palestine Liberation Organization was in 1993 at the

Oslo Accords.

The Christian Coalition was founded by the evangelical minister

Pat Robertson.

What third-party candidate received 19 percent of the popular vote in the 1992 presidential election, the best result for a third-party candidate since Theodore Roosevelt in 1912?

Ross Perot

What occurred in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, in April 1989?

Tens of thousands of students, joined by workers, teachers, and some government officials, occupied the square and demanded greater democracy in China.

Who won the Cold War?

United States and its allies

In 2000, the largest employer in America was

Wal-Mart.

On September 11, 2001, planes controlled by terrorists crashed into all of the following except

a bridge in Washington, D.C.

Numbering around 50 million in 2010, this group had become the largest minority group in the United States.

a. Latinos

The 1990s Christian Coalition became a major force in Republican Party politics and launched crusades against all of the following except

creationism.

Between 2000 and 2002, the price of NASDAQ stocks rose by nearly 80 percent.

fakse

All of today's Indians live in five western states (California, Oklahoma, Arizona, New Mexico, and Washington).

false

As president, Bill Clinton opposed his predecessor's passion for free trade, believing instead that regulatory tariffs would ensure higher standards of living for American workers.

false

Between 1990 and 1995, the federal government and the states as a whole stopped constructing prisons to cut back on federal spending.

false

During the 1990s, religion in the United States lost much of its appeal, as a secular culture based on consumption and mass entertainment dominated American society.

false

In 1994, tribal massacres rocked Rwanda, in central Africa. Over 800,000 people were slaughtered and the United States sent in a massive military force in an effort to staunch the flow of blood.

false

In the 2000 election, George W. Bush won the popular vote, but lost the electoral vote to Al Gore.

false

The Enron Corporation became famous in the 1990s for its leading part in the computer revolution, especially in software.

false

The Internet was first developed as a high-speed communication network for telephone operators.

false

The United Nations endorsed the U.S. invasion of Panama but denounced Operation Desert Storm.

false

The decline of public tolerance of homosexuality was among the most striking changes in American social attitudes in the last twenty years of the twentieth century.

false

By the year 2000, how many American households owned a personal computer?

half

In the 1992 run for the presidency, Bill Clinton held all of the following views except

he opposed gay rights.

In Casey v. Planned Parenthood of Pennsylvania (1992), the Supreme Court

reaffirmed a woman's right to terminate a pregnancy

Which of the following was not a key element of the Republican "Contract with America"?

sharper restrictions on the sale of handguns

Pat Buchanan delivered a speech at the 1992 Republican national convention that declared cultural war against all the following except

the Christian Right.

Which was not a terrorist attack on the United States undertaken by Al Qaeda?

the October 1985 killing of an American aboard an Italian cruise ship

In line with their 1994 platform, Republicans in the U.S. House of Representatives moved swiftly to approve deep cuts in all of the following except

the military.

After recovering from the recession of 1990-1991, the U.S. economy continued to expand for the rest of the decade; the boom became the longest uninterrupted period of economic expansion in American history.

true

After the Gulf War of 1991, Osama bin Laden declared war on America.

true

Between 1980 and 2000, the poor and the middle class became worse off while the rich became significantly richer.

true

Bill Clinton was the first Democrat to win reelection to the presidency since Franklin D. Roosevelt.

true

By 2000, a majority of American households owned stocks directly or through investment in mutual funds and pension and retirement accounts

true

By 2000, more than 400,000 Americans had died of HIV/AIDS.

true

By 2000, twenty-three states had passed laws establishing English as their official language. True

true

By 2010, more than 13 percent of the American population was foreign born.

true

By 2010, more than 4 million Muslims resided in the United States.

true

By 2010, more than a third of African-Americans lived in the suburbs.

true

Clinton's continuing popularity throughout the impeachment controversy demonstrated how profoundly traditional attitudes toward sexual morality had changed.

true

During the 1990s, Presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton both asserted the view that America should embrace the mission of creating a single global free market as a path to greater worldwide freedom.

true

During the 1991 Gulf War, President George H. W. Bush's approval rating reached 89 percent, but he lost the presidential election the next year.

true

In 1994, Californians approved Proposition 187, which denied illegal immigrants and their children access to welfare, education, and health services.

true

In 1996, President Clinton signed a Republican bill into law, abolishing the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) program and replacing it with a system of grants of money to states, with strict limits on how long recipients could receive payments.

true

In 2008, several states spent more money on their prison systems than on higher education.

true

In his January 1996 State of the Union address, President Clinton announced that "the era of big government is over," and, in effect, turned his back on the tradition of Democratic Party liberalism and embraced the antigovernment outlook associated with Republicans since the days of Barry Goldwater.

true

In the early 1990s, in an effort to stop "ethnic cleansing," the United States and its NATO allies, after considerable indecision, launched airstrikes against Bosnian Serb forces.

true

In western Europe and Canada, governments provide universal medical coverage for all citizens, but in the United States there was—in the 1990s and early 2000s—no universal medical coverage.

true

President Bill Clinton was formally impeached (charged with a crime) but not convicted or removed from office. True

true

The largest one-day drop in stock prices in history occurred on April 14, 2000.

true

The percentage of the black population in prison stood five times higher than the proportion for white Americans; more than one-quarter of all black men could expect to serve time in prison at some time during their lives.

true

The protesters assembled at the 1999 meeting of the World Trade Organization in Seattle represented a striking mix of industrial workers and environmentalists.

true

The stock market boom of the late 1990s was fueled in part by high-level corporate fraud.

true

which of the following was not a policy adopted by the federal government during the Clinton years?

universal health care