History 1301: Chapter 4. The Empire in Transition

Why did English politicians exert little control over the North American colonies prior to 1763?

- the ineptitude of provincial governors - for fear it would disrupt commerce

In 1763, England found itself desperately in need of revenues because of which of the following?

- the need to administer new territory in North America - the cost of many years of fighting

By what means did the French try to control their empire in North America?

- trading posts - Mississippi plantations - feudal estates - fortresses

Under the provisions of the Tea Act of 1773,

Britain's East India Company could directly export its product to the colonies without paying the same taxes as colonial merchants

What key issue most drove the new British policies in the colonies after the French and Indian War?

British war debt

Which of the following statements about the Sugar Act of 1764 are correct?

- It established new courts to try accused smugglers - It strengthened the duty on sugar while lowering it on molasses

Which inflammatory measures did Charles Townshend steer through Parliament in 1767?

- imposing new taxes on imports - disbanding the New York Assembly

Although the colonies in 1754 were reluctant to cooperate, they had successfully worked with one another with regard to matters such as

- intercolonial trade - a colonial postal service - road construction

Which of the following did Grenville's administration do?

- permanently station British troops in the colonies - send British ships to patrol colonial waters in search of smugglers - enforce the Mutiny, Sugar, and Currency Acts

People of European ancestry born in the Americas are known as

Creoles

Which of the following U.S. cities was established by French explorers and colonizers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries?

Detroit, Michigan

The House of Burgesses rejected the most extreme proposals introduced by Patrick ______, a passionate critic of British policies.

Henry

What impact did King George's War have on the geopolitical situation in North America?

It disintegrated the balance of power among the Iroquois, French, and English

Which of the following statements about the Boston Massacre is accurate?

It was used by resistance leaders to foment public outrage

How did the colonial assemblies of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth century compare to the House of Commons in the British Parliament?

Neither were particularly democratic

Which of the following statements about the distribution of power in eighteenth-century England is accurate?

The unwritten constitution called for the distribution of power among the monarchy, the aristocracy, and the people

True or false: British victory in the Seven Years' War confirmed its commercial supremacy and cemented its control over portions of North America

True

True or false: The British need for revenue resulted in new policies that had a disastrous effect on its relationship with the American colonies

True

Why was it necessary for the British to issue the Proclamation of 1763?

White settlers had begun moving into tribal lands

Who was Ethan Allen?

a land speculator that took up the cause of the Green Mountain farmers

Which of the following best characterizes the first phase of the French and Indian War?

a local North American conflict between England and France that swept up native groups throughout the west

The fall of Quebec in 1759 marked the

beginning of the end of the American phase of the war

In response to Charles Townshend's attempt to tax and control the flow of goods, Boston merchants helped organize a(n) ______ of all goods subject to the tax

boycott

During the second phase of the French and Indian War, William Pitt began to transform the war effort in America by

bringing it fully under British control

William's Pitt's policies of impressment and forced quartering of troops

caused tension between the colonists and British authorities

The Mutiny Act of 1765 required

colonists to help provision and maintain the British army stationed in America

After the Iroquois granted trading alliances to the British, the French responded by

constructing new fortresses in the Ohio Valley

The First Continental Congress wanted to stop all trade with Great Britain by

creating a series of boycotts

The day-to-day administration of colonial affairs by England's government in the 1700s tended to be

decentralized

On the night of December 16, 1773, 150 Boston men disguised as Native Americans

dumped the cargo of several ships into the harbor

Which of the following describes the general nature of the internal rebellions that occurred in the colonies in the 1760s?

farmers against landowners

The midnight rides of Paul Revere and William Dawes were significant because they

gave Americans at Lexington and Concord warning of the British forces' approach

In the aftermath of King George's War, the Iroquois Confederacy ______ the British

granted trading concessions to

Lord North assumed that Americans would support the Tea Act because it

lowered the price of tea

The citizen-soldiers of Massachusetts were known as

minutemen

In 1754, a group of delegates from Pennsylvania, Maryland, New York, and New England met in Albany. Their original intent was to

negotiate a treaty with the Iroquois

The aim of the protests in the last week of 1773 was to

prevent the East India Company from landing its cargo

By the mid-eighteenth century, which of the following executives wielded the most power in England?

prime minister

Which of the following was not one of the concessions William Pitt made in the third phase of the war?

reparations for loss of life or property as a result of the fighting

Which of the following was not one of the major decisions made by the First Continental Congress in September 1774?

resolution that the king recognize the colonies as a single political entity

The Boston Massacre occurred when Captain Thomas Preston

stationed troops to protect a building

The spirit of resistance that grew more quickly in Massachusetts than elsewhere can be attributed to its elaborately developed

tavern culture

In Massachusetts, ______ became increasingly important centers of resistance in the 1760s and 1770s

taverns

After Charles Townshend died, Lord North secured the repeal of all the Townshend Duties EXCEPT the tax on

tea

The first phase of the French and Indian War began when

the French attacked Fort Necessity

The French and Indian War was part of a larger struggle between England and France called

the Seven Years' War

Suspicions about democracy and the masses in both Britain and the colonies were most reflected in

voting requirements

In 1763, England was able to turn its attention to its American colonies because it

was experiencing peace for the first time in decades

By the 1750s and 1760s, the English government viewed taxation as a

way to relieve the country's debts

Under the Proclamation of 1763, white settlement west of the ______ was forbidden

Appalachian Mountains

To dispute English taxes in the Americas, James Otis persuaded his colleagues in the Massachusetts assembly to meet with other colonial delegates. This multicolony group met in 1765 and became known as the ______ ______ Congress

Stamp Act