History and Geography Exam
You and your brother are arguing over which country is the world's largest. What tool should you use to settle the argument?
globe
People build roads to make travel easier =
human-environmental interaction
Power generated from water =
hydroelectric
Referring to plants or animals introduced to an area, which plants or animals threaten indigenous species =
invasive
A group that controls the government =
junta
My house is less than a mile from the park =
location
Landforms and water bodies =
physical
A transitional area between land and water systems that supports aquatic plants =
wetland
In what region is each state located? M—Midwest N—Northeast S—South W—West Alabama Iowa Maryland Michigan New Jersey New Mexico Vermont Washington
S M S M N W N W
In the 1990s, this country experienced an increase in immigration.
Russia
The term Balkanization found its roots in Eastern Europe. It has come to mean the ...
division of an area into smaller, usually hostile regions
Also known as savanna or prairie =
grassland
A land mass surrounded by water on three sides =
peninsula
A frozen layer of soil beneath the earth's surface =
permafrost
Countries near the equator have tropical climates =
place
Government systems =
political
A major urban area serving as the economic, political, and population center of a country =
primate city
People who leave their homeland seeking safety in a foreign country =
refugees
Cultural traditions in Australasia and Oceania remained largely unchanged until ...
the European discovery of the region
Which country has the highest population density?
the Netherlands
The ____________ climate of Oceania's islands make them a popular tourist destination.
tropical
Harshest of all ecosystems =
tundra
Evidence of the harmful results of tradewinds is most apparent on the _______________ islands
Windward
Power produced through the decomposition or burning of organic materials =
biomass energy
A small, low island of coral or sand =
cay
Average precipitation and temperature =
climate
Following the Russian Revolution, the Soviet Union adopted _______________, a system that __________________________________________________
communism, controlled nearly all the economic and political decisions
The use of leadership positions for personal gain =
corruption
Language, religion, customs =
cultural
The movement of people between places on a regular basis =
cyclical migration
The removal of salt from something =
desalinization
Hot or cold, dry areas =
desert
The scattering of a group of people outside of their homeland =
diaspora
Agreements creating free trade zones =
economic
An area where freshwater and salt water meet =
estuary
The forced removal of a group of individuals of common ancestry from an area =
ethnic cleansing
A process by which nutrients are dissolved in a body of water =
eutrophication
A government system in which power is shared between two levels =
federation
Covers one-third of the earth's land surface =
forest
Referring to the relationship of history, culture, and economics with a region's physical characteristics =
geopolitical
Power produced from heat inside the earth =
geothermal energy
The principal land mass of a continent or country =
mainland
Covers three-fourths of the earth's surface =
marine
Referring to something on or near an ocean or sea =
maritime
Movement from one place to another =
migration
government system in which power is shared between two levels
mountain ranges
The Mexican fruit fly threatens Florida orange groves =
movement
A town, city, or village that is generally run by a mayor or council =
municipality
Able to be used for travel by water =
navigable
What is sustainable development?
not using resources faster than they can be replenished by the environment
Movement from one's homeland to another country =
out-migration
Decomposed organic material that can be used for fuel and mulch =
peat
Honduras has a _______________ economy in which people produce goods for their own use.
traditional
Which European countries are landlocked?
- Austria - Switzerland
Which factors led to the mid-1800s' westward expansion in the United States?
- Homestead Act - population increase - gold discovery
What countries can be found in Europe?
- Lithuania - Slovenia - Luxembourg
What countries can be found south of the equator?
- Madagascar - New Zealand - Chile
What countries can be found in Africa?
- Nigeria - Liberia - Mali
The regions that make up the area known as Oceania are =
- Polynesia - Micronesia - Melanesia
The South American people revolted against the Iberian governments because of =
- economic restrictions - social injustice
Programs seeking to improve the health of North America's farmlands will likely focus on these areas.
- erosion - biodiversity - water pollution
To increase their understanding of North America's human geography, geographers focus on which factors?
- language - religion - ethnicity - customs
How have technological advances affected geography?
- news travels quicker - sushi can be found in most U.S. cities - more rapid spread of pandemic diseases - increased migration of people
In Mexico, urbanization has resulted in a number of problems, including =
- overpumping of groundwater - pollution
What are examples of physical processes?
- plate tectonics - weathering - erosion - Great Barrier reef
The economy of Australia is characterized by =
- prosperity - low unemployment
Programs to improve environmental health in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean will likely focus on which issues?
- water supply - habitat loss
What country would most likely have to deal with water shortages?
Australia
Select the statements that describe ways in which culture influences a region. 1. In some countries, girls are not allowed to attend school. 2. In many South American countries, people meet in the plaza. 3. In cities, people live in tall buildings. 4. In Hawaii, active volcanoes dot the landscape. 5. In Iran, you will find the world's largest saltwater lake—the Caspian Sea.
1, 2 and 3
Select all statements that describe MDCs. 1. economic focus on manufacturing 2. longer life expectancy 3. less access to health care 4. agrarian societies 5. better standard of living 6. lower educational levels
1, 2 and 5
Which of the statements below are true? 1. Plants produce food for ecosystems. 2. Predators help keep ecosystems healthy. 3. Insects are rarely important to the health of forest ecosystems. 4. People's activities have no measurable effect on ecosystems. 5. People's activities can improve the health of an ecosystem.
1, 2 and 5
Which of the items listed below describe how people are affected by the earth's physical features? 1. choice of clothing 2. hair styles 3. lifespan 4. employment 5. birth order 6. hobbies 7. method of transportation
1, 3, 4, 6 and 7
What are the three main factors that determine population growth?
1. birth 2. death 3. immigration
Select all practices that have been adopted by the EU to promote the economic prosperity of its members. 1. banning imports from non-member nation 2. sending tariffs among member nations 3. requiring all member nations to use the Euro 4. establishing tariffs on imports from non-member nations
2 and 4
What nation is not completely surrounded by water?
South Korea
The dominant language of South America is _____________
Spanish
Select the statements that describe the world's resources. 1. Resources are evenly distributed across the globe. 2. Water availability has highly influenced settlement patterns. 3. Energy production is the world's largest use of resources. 4. The use of nonrenewable resources causes less pollution than renewable resources. 5. MDCs use more of the world's resources than LDCs.
2, 3 and 5
Which of the items below describes a way that the physical environment affects people? Choose all that apply. 1. Maria, who lives in Juneau, Alaska, has an older brother and a younger sister. 2. Jocelyn, who lives in Boothbay Harbor, Maine, makes her living by selling lobsters to local restaurants. 3. Derrick, who lives near the Shenandoah Mountains, spends most weekends hiking. 4. Chad, who lives in the Kansas plains, is the youngest of five children. 5. Penelope, who lives in the San Juan Islands, seldom leaves her house without an umbrella.
2, 3 and 5
What effect did the dissolution of the Soviet Union have on the global community? 1. decreased European conflict 2. expanded the number of countries with command economies 3. affected Russia and the former Soviet republics only 4. changed European borders 5. altered political alliances 6. reduced the number of communist nations
4, 5 and 6
Look at the map below. Which state has the lowest elevation?
Delaware
Water separates all countries of Northern Europe from the rest of Europe except ____________
Denmark
What has fostered cooperation in Western Europe?
European Union
Why is the Madrid Protocol significant?
It protects Antarctica's environment.
Are the items listed below renewable or nonrenewable resources? N—nonrenewable resource R—renewable resource coal gold oxygen petroleum soil trees uranium
N N R N R R N
The first people to settle in New Zealand came from ____________
Polynesia
Select the country that is most troubled by each problem below. C—Canada G—Greenland M—Mexico U—United States aging population overfishing poverty biculturalism
U G M C
Which region has a higher level of economic development?
Western Europe
The Persian Gulf =
regions
Ireland's division into Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland was caused by =
religious conflict
A government system under which leaders are elected =
representative democracy
Western Central Europe is able to generate hydroelectricity because ...
rivers flow down its mountains
The development of higher than normal salt content in the soil =
salinization
A n independent nation under the military and/or financial control of another nation =
satellite country
Isolation from others =
seclusion
Power produced from the sun =
solar energy
An area between thirty and forty degrees latitude with temperatures above 32°F =
subtropical
A nation with the economic and political strength to influence global events =
superpower
Membership in a group that goes beyond national boundaries =
supranational
Referring to the meeting of current needs without reducing the ability to meet future needs =
sustainable
What benefits can countries gain by adopting the practices of the International Model Forest Program?
sustainable forest managment