history ch 3

Where in colonial America were Jews free to openly practice their religion?

Rhode Island

Which of the following refers to an instance of widespread hysteria in the 1680s regarding satanic influences in New England?

Salem witchcraft trials

The largest group of European immigrants to the American colonies in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries were

Scotch-Irish from Ulster in northern Ireland.

The -------Rebellion in 1739 was the largest colonial slave revolt.

Stono

At least three-quarters of the immigrants to the Chesapeake in the seventeenth century were

indentured servants.

Most of the early English settlers in the North American colonies were

laborers.

Upon arrival in the New World, most African slaves

landed in the Caribbean, Brazil, or territories of the Spanish Empire.

Americans who responded to the Great Awakening were moved by the belief that everyone had the potential to

make a break with the past and start a new life.

Which of the following factors made life in New England more stable than life in the Chesapeake?

more immigrants that arrived with family members more intact families more balanced sex ratio

As compared to British society, in America there was

more opportunity for social mobility.

Life expectancy in the Chesapeake region during the seventeenth century was

much lower than in the rest of the colonies.

Causes of population increase in seventeenth-century English North America include which of the following?

natural increase among the English African slaves European immigration

The growth of consumerism in the American colonies during the eighteenth century was part of a larger

ndustrial revolution.

Which of the following were obstacles to the development of colonial commerce?

no way to find out about the supply and demand for goods lack of a reliable currency fierce competition among commercial companies

Which of the following most accurately describes the plantation economy?

precarious

The natural increases in population in the colonies in the seventeenth century

reflected a steady improvement in the balance between men and women.

For the most part, seventeenth-century colonial plantations were

relatively small and unsophisticated.

To pay for goods, colonial merchants

relied on barter or money substitutes.

Of the six colleges in operation by 1763, all but two were established by

religious groups.

To adapt to the challenges of life in the colonies, Americans quickly adopted an attitude of

religious tolerance.

What was the most important source of population increase in New England after the 1650s?

reproduction

The increased demand for slaves in the Chesapeake in the eighteenth century was the mainly the result of the

rising demand for tobacco in the colonies and Europe.

The clearest indication of the influence of the Enlightenment on colonial America was the increasing interest in ______ knowledge.

scientific

In the early eighteenth century, colonial legislative assemblies began passing so-called ______, which limited the rights of blacks.

slave codes

The most common form of resistance by enslaved Africans was

subtle acts of defiance.

American merchants defied the English Navigation Acts by developing markets in

the West Indies.

For Africans bound for slave markets in the Americas, the "middle passage" was

the journey to the New World.

Which of the following best accounts for the smaller slave population in the eighteenth-century North

the lack of a plantation-based economy

Which of the following accurately reflect the term "triangular trade"?

the network of imports and exports that spanned the Atlantic world the commercial relationships that linked Africa, the West Indies, America, and Europe

Slaves were most likely to develop a society and culture of their own when

they lived in larger communities.

The characteristic social unit of colonial New England was the

town

Which practice was adopted by the American legal system from the English system?

trial by jury

According the medical theory of "humoralism," all of the following are bodily fluids that contain "humors" except

urine.

Almanacs were most famously used for their

weather predictions.

The Great Awakening appealed most to which group?

women

The Iron Act of 1750 is an example of

English parliamentary regulations that restricted American industrial growth.

Which statement about the turning point in North American slavery during the mid-1690s is not correct?

English slavers recognized the economic benefits of slavery after extensive study.

The --------------was an eighteenth-century movement that celebrated human reason and scientific inquiry.

Enlightenment

Why did planters switch from indentured to slave labor in the Chesapeake?

Former indentures were a source of social unrest. African slaves were a more dependable and controllable form of labor. The flow of indentures into America declined with improved economic conditions in England.

Powerful Great Awakening evangelists included which of the following?

George Whitefield Jonathan Edwards Charles Wesley

The first major American religious revival, the----------------- , occurred in the 1730s and 1740s.

Great Awakening

Match the colonial college with its description: Harvard: William and Mary: Yale: Princeton:

Harvard: the first American college. William and Mary: institution established by Anglicans in Williamsburg, Virginia. Yale: university founded by Congregationalists. Princeton: university that emerged out of the Great Awakening as the College of New Jersey.

Which of the following statements about colonial commerce is most accurate?

It survived and grew despite lacking the basic institutions of trade.

Which of the following statements about the Stono Rebellion are accurate?

It was crushed, and most of its participants were executed. It resulted in the death of several whites. It was the most serious slave revolt of the colonial period.

Which statement about the Enlightenment is not correct?

It was opposed to Christianity.

Which of the following is true about the practice of medicine during the seventeenth century?

It was relatively easy to practice medicine, even without professional training.

Which of the following statements about population growth in the South is accurate?

It was substantial, but it was largely the result of immigration.

Match the major figure of the Great Awakening with the appropriate description.

John Wesley: co-founder of MethodismGeorge Whitefield: powerful open-air preacher who made several toursJonathon Edwards: New England Congregationalist who attacked the doctrine of easy salvation for all

Which statement about education in colonial America is not correct?

Large numbers of children received an education beyond the primary level.

South Carolina and Georgia became dependent on slave labor for which two of the following reasons?

Many Africans were experts in rice cultivation and harvesting. White workers refused to perform rice cultivation.

Which of the following are effects of the failed promises of the indentured labor system in the Chesapeake?

Many former servants found themselves without land, jobs, or prospects. A large, rootless population of young single men became a source of social unrest.

German immigrants to the New World in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries were most likely to settle in

Pennsylvania.

Which colonial American city had the largest population?

Philadelphia

The most well-known almanac of colonial times was ---------------Almanac, published by Benjamin Franklin.

Poor Richard's

Most northern colonists supported themselves economically, at least partially, by

engaging in home-based industries.

What is not one of the basic teachings of the Enlightenment?

faith is essential and miracles are real

When did African slaves perform traditional religious practices?

in secret

Which of the following are reasons the American colonies did not experience the explosive industrial growth that Great Britain did in the eighteenth century?

inadequate labor supply a small domestic market unreliable energy supplies

Which of the following best explain why New England experienced a high rate of natural population increase in the 1600s?

-extremely high birth rates. -exceptional longevity.

Which of the following are characteristics of the partial-inheritance system in New England?

-fathers divided lands equally among sons. -sons were more dependent on their father's good favor.

By definition, plantations are vast estates owned by aristocrats.

False

Between 1650 and 1775, the sex ratio of the white settlers in North America gradually improved because of which of the following?

-Birth rates rose. -More women chose to immigrate.

Which two colonial American ports had populations larger than most English urban centers?

-New York. -Philadelphia.

How did the sex ratio affect colonial women's lives?

-Their lives were consumed by childbearing. -They rarely remained unmarried.

Which of the following are examples of how the upper classes in the colonies distinguished themselves from the lower classes in the eighteenth century?

-by commissioning portraits for display -by accumulating possessions and fancy clothing. -by attempting to emulate London society.

The system of slavery became firmly established in the early eighteenth century as a result of which of the following?

-created new laborers through natural increase. -were not under a fixed term of servitude. -had no contractual protections.

Which of the following are reasons that settlers in America adopted an attitude of religious toleration?

-many religious traditions existed in close proximity to one another. -conditions virtually required it.

Which of the following difficulties were unique to female slaves?

-raising mulatto children whose white fathers refused to acknowledge them. -unwanted sexual advances from white planters and overseers.

Which of the following were characteristic of the distinct slave culture?

-strong and elaborate family structures. -a blending of Christianity and African folklore.

Which of the following luxuries became a virtual necessity in the emerging consumer environment of colonial America?

-tea. -household linens. -manufactured cutlery.

Family life in New England was much more ______ than in the Chesapeake.

-traditional. -stable.

Which statement about Cotton Mather and his smallpox inoculation efforts is not correct?

By supporting inoculation, Mather signified his disbelief in the idea of disease as a punishment for sin.

Match the eighteenth-century religious group with its description.

Church of England: the official faith in many colonies Puritans: had a growing tendency for different congregations to affiliate with different denominations Dutch Reformation: a Calvinist denomination represented in parts of New York and New Jersey American Baptists: a variety of sects united by belief in total immersion for mature believers

Northern colonies were as dominated by agriculture as those of the South.

False

Unlike the European nations from which American settlers arrived, most colonial societies were religiously intolerant.

False

Which statement about men and women in the Chesapeake is not correct?

Few women outlived their husbands.

Which of the following were causes of social strain in the Puritan community?

increased commercialization population growth

African slaves were without a religious heritage, so most adopted Christianity.

False

Which statement regarding birth and mortality rates in the Chesapeake during the 1600s is not correct?

The population declined due to high mortality, low birth rate, and low life expectancy.

Which statement about provincial governors is correct?

Their influence was limited.

Which statement about midwives in colonial America is not correct?

Their profession ceased to exist, due to the efforts of professional physicians.

What was the state of commerce in colonial America?

There was relatively little industry in America in the eighteenth century.

After completing their terms of service, male indentured servants experienced which of the following?

They found themselves unprepared and ill-equipped for independence. They often did not receive what they had been promised.

Which of the following did the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening have in common?

They helped undermine the power of traditional authority.

Which of the following is true about the aristocracies that emerged in colonial America?

They tended to rely on the control of a substantial workforce.

An unmarried colonial woman could enter into a contract on her own, but she lost that legal right upon marriage.

True

The term "triangular trade" is inaccurate because the "triangle" had more than three points.

True

The Great Awakening occurred as a result of concerns over

declining piety.

The practice of medicine in the seventeenth century was

derived from the theory of "humoralism."

Which of the following best describes the religion practiced by most African slaves?

a blend of African religions with Christianity and Judaism

What did not cause the rise of an entrepreneurial merchant class in colonial America?

a concerted effort by Parliament to foster such a class

Colonial Americans placed high value on education despite

a limited amount of available time for education.

When did the demand for slave labor in North America begin?

almost from the very beginning of settlement

Though it continued well into the eighteenth century, use of indentured labor in the colonies began to decline in the 1670s because of which of the following factors?

an increase in English prosperity a decrease in the English birth rate

The flow of immigrants from England to the American colonies declined in the early eighteenth century because of

better economic conditions in England.

In colonial New England, "selectmen" were

church members who ran the town's affairs.

New England towns were typically built around a ______, or central pasture.

common

Upon a husband's death, wives in the colonies

could inherit and hold property.