History Chapter 7 MCQs

Which of the following best describes the 1936 lithograph (entitled The Hero) by German artist George Grosz?

A post-First World War print expressing antiwar sentiment

Which of the following developments during the Second World War would Franck most likely have cited as evidence to support his arguments in the passage?

Allied firebombing in Germany and Japan had caused massive devastation and civilian casualties, and atomic weapons were vastly more powerful than those used in firebombing.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the Chinese and the Mexican revolutions during the twentieth century?

Both generated land-redistribution policies.

Which of the following best describes a similarity between the Russian Revolutions of 1917 and the Chinese Revolution of 1911 ?

Both were able to gain support because of the ineffectiveness and corruption of the existing monarchies.

Which of the following best explains why the British government felt the need to distribute the pamphlet?

British authorities were concerned that going to war against a Muslim country could fuel anti-imperialist protests among India's large Muslim population.

Japan's 1947 constitution The differences in the passages above are most likely a result of which of the following? Responses

Demilitarization imposed by the United States after the Second World War

In the mid-twentieth century, which of the following was a similarity between the approaches of China and the Soviet Union in managing their respective economies?

Direct intervention in their economies to speed the process of industrialization

Some historians consider the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century to have been crucial decades in the development of Western thought. Which of the following best supports that contention?

Discoveries in physics introduced the concepts of uncertainty and relativity, which challenged mechanistic models of the universe.

Which of the following best explains the changes depicted in Map 2 ?

European imperialism and increasing ethnic nationalism

Watson, in the first paragraph of Source 1, uses the newspaper quote to support the claim that

German propaganda portrayed the conflict with Russia as a defensive war

The economic development Stalin describes above was achieved primarily through which of the following?

Government control of the national economy

Which of the following was the major long-term political effect of the Great Depression?

Governments began to take a more active role in economic life.

Which of the following was a major long-term effect of the global economic depression of the 1930s?

Governments began to take a more active role in their economies.

Which of the following best supports the contention that the First World War was the first total war?

Governments mobilized large segments of their populations and economies and targeted their opponents' military and economic capabilities.

The global economic downturn of the 1930s had which of the following effects on nations in Europe and North America?

Governments took a more active role in directing and regulating their economies to stimulate growth.

The poster can most directly be used as evidence to illustrate which of the following continuities of the twentieth century?

Governments used propaganda to mobilize populations against their enemies.

Which of the following factors contributed most significantly to the contraction of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century?

Independence movements inspired by ethnic nationalism

Which of the following contributed significantly to the decline of both the Qing and the Ottoman Empires?

Internal conflict with ethnic and religious minorities

The policy of requiring Koreans to adopt Japanese names most directly illustrates which of the following aspects of interwar Japan?

Its extreme nationalism

Which of the following arguments would a supporter of using nuclear weapons against Japan have most likely cited to explain the limitations of Franck's arguments in the first and second paragraphs?

Japanese government propaganda instilled fierce, suicidal nationalism in the Japanese population, making Japan unlikely to surrender unconditionally without experiencing the effects of nuclear weapons.

Which of the following twentieth-century developments most directly weakened European colonial states and contributed to the changes between the two maps?

Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia during the Second World War

The passage best exemplifies which of the following historical developments?

Khrushchev's attempt to distance his rule from Stalinist atrocities

A historian researching the motives of the perpetrators of the Holocaust would find which of the following sources most useful?

Letters and publications written by Nazi leaders before the Second World War

Which of the following most directly explains the Nazis' ability to carry out the policies of extermination shown in the image?

Local populations collaborated with the regime either out of racial prejudice, fear, or hopes for material gain.

Which of the following best describes an important difference between the theories of revolution of Mao Zedong and those of Lenin?

Mao placed emphasis on the revolutionary potential of peasants.

In the excerpt above, Mustafa Kemal is most clearly supporting which of the following?

Nationalism

Which of the following was a common characteristic of the major revolutions that occurred in Russia, China, and Mexico in the early twentieth century?

Nationalism and socialism helped shape all three revolutions.

Which of the following most directly led to the start of the First World War?

Nationalist competition among industrialized powers for resources

Which of the following is an accurate description of relations between European states and the Ottoman Empire in the period 1815 to 1914 ?

Russian, English, and French expansion came at the expense of the Ottomans.

Which of the following best describes the cause of the developments described in the passage?

Soviet efforts to modernize their economy through government control

The situation shown in the image is best understood in the context of which of the following aspects of twentieth-century warfare?

States made full use of their populations and material resources to fight total wars.

Which of the following was a major similarity between the goals of leaders of the Chinese Communist Revolution, such as Mao Zedong, and the goals of leaders of the Mexican Revolution, such as Emiliano Zapata, in the early twentieth century?

Support for redistribution of land to poor peasants

The primary rationale for Japan's territorial acquisitions in Southeast Asia during the period 1933-1942, as reflected in Map 2, was most similar to the primary rationale for which of the following?

The British East India Company's takeover of other European states' colonial possessions in India

The image can best help explain which of the following differences between the Nazi program of genocide and other acts of genocide in the early twentieth century?

The Nazis industrialized the killing process, allowing them to commit murder on a massive scale.

Based on the passage, it can be inferred that Mazower might also support which of the following assertions?

The Nazis' rigidly ideological approach to empire building prevented them from consolidating their control of continental Europe.

Which of the following countries experienced the greatest number of war-related deaths during the Second World War?

The Soviet Union

Which of the following directly enabled the establishment of the government that produced the poster?

The collapse of the Russian Empire under the stress of the First World War

The declaration's mention of a "heavy toll" in the third paragraph was most likely a reference to which of the following?

The deaths that occurred during the Holocaust

Which of the following was the most important factor behind Europeans' readiness to embrace authoritarian political systems in the 1930s?

The economic crisis caused by the Great Depression

The memorandum is best explained in the context of which of the following developments in the early twentieth century?

The emergence of external and internal challenges that threatened the stability of imperial states

Contemporaries who agreed with Franck's argument in the second and third paragraphs regarding the need for an international agreement would most likely have made which of the following arguments to support their position?

The end of the war would probably lead to a new rivalry between the victorious states.

Which of the following statements best represents a nationalistic interpretation of the collapse of the Ottoman and Russian empires during and immediately after the First World War?

The growing demands of various ethnic groups within these multiethnic empires were the primary reasons for the collapse.

The implementation of the policies of extermination shown in the image is most directly explained by which of the following aspects of Nazi ideology?

The idea that minority populations within Germany were somehow responsible for its defeat during the First World War

The photograph above of German East African troops best illustrates which of the following historical processes during the First World War?

The increasing inclusion of non-Europeans in European conflicts

The passage above best exemplifies which of the following processes shortly after the outbreak of the First World War?

The strengthening of nationalist sentiment throughout Europe

Which of the following best explains the historical significance of views such as those expressed in the passage?

They show that, in response to the disruptions of the Great Depression, many political leaders saw it as their duty to take an active role in guiding economic life.

As described by Keshavarz in the first paragraph, which of the following would best explain why European countries were implementing policies to increase the size of their populations?

They wanted to address the effects of the First World War and mobilize for future conflicts.

Which of the following best describes the likely intent of the poster?

To build support for centrally directed economic modernization programs in the Soviet Union

The ideas expressed in the last two slogans most likely reflect which of the following twentieth-century developments?

Totalitarian states using violence and genocide against civilians to maintain power

The mention of "President Wilson's principles" is most directly significant to understanding the editorial's point of view about the Treaty of Versailles because of the United States president's commitment to

broker a peace agreement on liberal principles that would not be motivated by revenge

Artworks of the type shown in the image were used for all of the following EXCEPT to

encourage Soviet citizens to embrace Western popular culture

Shigenobu's point of view regarding Western attitudes toward Japan as expressed in the passage is significant in that similar ideas were used by members of the Japanese government during the period between the First and the Second World Wars to justify

militarizing the Japanese state and expanding its territories in Asia

Moltke's prediction in Source 1 about the consequences of a potential war between Germany and France is most directly explained by the fact that

previous conflicts had stirred intense nationalism in France and Germany

China's strategy for modernization and economic development in the 1950s most closely resembled the developmental strategy of

the Soviet Union